Early reform schools sought to rehabilitate juvenile offenders.
a. True
b. False
Today, approximately 13 percent of all officers are female and about 25 percent are
members of minority groups.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is false regarding criminal law?
a. Crime is a public offense.
b. The right of enforcement belongs to the state.
c. Fines go to the state.
d. Both parties can appeal.
New inmates are often called “newjacks.”
a. True
b. False
A.J. is a minority who is walking his dog in a city that has an ordinance to make sure
people clean up after their dogs. Of course A.J. has never seen this ordinance enforced,
so he just continues walking after his dog defecates. He doesn”t know that a rookie
patrolman has been watching and observed him fail to clean up his dog’s waste. A.J.
walks around the corner to find a whole wall of freshly painted graffiti and spray paint
cans on the ground. He picks one up to put it in the trash just as the patrolman is
walking around the corner to give A.J. an ordinance violation ticket.
A.J. has just been arrested for destruction of property, and a municipal ordinance
violation. He pleads with the patrolman and tries to tell him that he was just attempting
to clean up the neighborhood. If his case was tried, where would it be found?
a. Civil court of general jurisdiction
b. State court of general jurisdiction
c. State court of limited jurisdiction
d. Civil court of limited jurisdiction
Which of the following is false?
a. Crime control advocates call for harsh punishment as a deterrent to crime.
b. Crime control advocates do not want legal technicalities to help the guilty go free and
tie the hands of justice.
c. Crime control advocates argue the more efficient the system, the greater its
effectiveness.
d. Crime control advocates do not question the criminal justice system’s ability to
rehabilitate offenders.
Which of the following is not considered entrapment?
a. Police implant a criminal idea.
b. Police instigate a crime.
c. Officers pose as drug dealers in known drug areas.
d. Police coerce an individual to commit an offense.
There is no set time that defines a speedy trial.
a. True
b. False
Enforcement of environmental laws, such as the Clean Water Act of 1972, is done by:
a. local governmental environmental agencies.
b. the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
c. nonprofit environmental agencies.
d. the Public Works Administration (PWA).
Which of the following is false regarding the comparison of felonies and
misdemeanors?
a. A felony is an offense generally punishable by death or imprisonment in a
penitentiary, whereas a misdemeanor is generally punishable by a fine or imprisonment
elsewhere than in a penitentiary.
b. A person convicted of a felony may be barred from certain fields of employment or
some professions, whereas a person convicted of a misdemeanor is not.
c. An arrest for a felony or misdemeanor may be made regardless of whether the crime
was committed in the officer’s presence, as long as the officer had reasonable grounds
to believe that the person committed the crime.
d. Distinguishing between a felony and a misdemeanor is sometimes difficult.
The US Correctional Corporation opened its first private prison in what state?
a. New York
b. Kentucky
c. Virginia
d. Georgia
The determination of an arrestee’s eligibility for citation release and the actual release of
the arrestee are deferred until after he or she has been delivered by the arresting
department to a jail/pretrial detention facility for screening, booking, and admission in
a:
a. police/pretrial jail citation release.
b. police field citation release.
c. police station house citation release.
d. police/court bail schedule.
The “modern” American correctional concept has its origin under the leadership of:
a. William Penn.
b. George Washington.
c. Alexander Machonochie.
d. Cesare Beccaria.
A number of county law enforcement agencies are now engaging in anti-terror and
homeland security activities.
a. True
b. False
While not explicitly stated in the Constitution, the court has found support for legal
self-representation in the _____ Amendment.
a. First
b. Fifth
c. Sixth
d. Eighth
Sean hasn”t always been on the wrong side of the law; he grew up in a two-parent
household and was involved with his church and the community garden that his dad
loved. When his dad was arrested and sent to prison for growing copious amounts of
marijuana, everything changed. When his father was sentenced, his mom left him with
his grandma and she hasn”t been seen in 2 years. Sean has had many chances to reform
his behavior in the juvenile system, and his grandmother has tried to get him counseling
and a mentor. Despite his young age of 16, Sean has just been sentenced as an adult in a
shooting rampage that killed one and wounded four.
Sean hasn”t ever come to grips with his childhood and his feelings of abandonment. He
has been seeing the prison psychologist and is getting treatment. What model provides
the rationale for giving inmates this opportunity inside prison?
a. The medical model
b. The Pennsylvania model
c. The Auburn model
d. The Bill of Rights requires treatment in prison
Data shows that since 2000, the number of deaths from terrorism has increased 500
percent.
a. True
b. False
Cyber crime is challenging because:
a. it is difficult to detect through traditional law enforcement channels.
b. it is rapidly evolving.
c. its control demands that agents of the justice system develop technical skills.
d. all of these make cyber crime challenging.
Which of the following is not a problem associated with the NCVS?
a.Individuals may misrepresent the time line of events.
b.Overreporting because of victim’s misrepresentations of events.
c.Incomplete acts are lumped together with completed ones.
d.Underreporting stemming from the embarrassment of reporting crime.
The Bill of Rights is applied to the states by the:
a. Fifth Amendment.
b. Sixth Amendment.
c. Eighth Amendment.
d. Fourteenth Amendment.
Arrest and punishment is highly effective at deterring chronic offenders.
a.True
b.False
Research has shown that inmates involved in ____________ do better following release
than those in comparison groups.
a. group treatment
b. anger management
c. faith-based programs
d. prison enterprise programs
____ is the term used to describe the illegal use of the Internet to buy or sell
merchandise online.
a. Cyber theft
b. E-tailing fraud
c. Market manipulation
d. Denial-of-service attack
A case of domestic violence would be considered _____ of the criminal justice
“wedding cake”?
a. Level I
b. Level II
c. Level III
d. Level IV
In the landmark case Tennessee v. Garner, the US Supreme Court outlawed deadly use
of force by police.
a. True
b. False
John was born into a family that didn’t have very much money, and it seemed that his
parents struggled to put and keep food on the table. As he grew up, he found school
boring despite being smart, so he dropped out. He was always impulsive and finding a
job took too long. John recently found out that he is going to be a father and wants to
provide the best opportunity for his child that he can. To support himself and his unborn
child, he gets involved in selling pain pills and he is arrested in a sting operation.
John’s view of the criminal justice system is likely the ___________ view.
a.conflict
b.consensus
c.crime control
d.interactionist
Some jurisdictions have instituted restorative justice programs called ‘sentencing
circles” as a form of diversion from the court process.
a. True
b. False
If a bank employee took money from a bank because they believed failure to do so
would result in harm to their kidnapped children, this is an example of the duress
defense.
a. True
b. False
About how many juvenile cases are processed and treated annually?
a. 0.5 million
b. 1.0 million
c. 1.5 million
d. 2.0 million
Gregory was born in 1573, toward the end of the sixteenth century, to a poor family.
They stole money and food to survive. As one of the criminal poor, if he was ever
caught he would not be subjected to the same punishments as the rich. Throughout the
generations, Gregory’s kin (children and grandchildren) continue the tradition of
stealing.
What was the most likely punishment during that time if Gregory was caught stealing?
a. Exile and banishment
b. Torture and corporal punishment
c. Capital punishment (death)
d. Hard labor
An officer approaches a group of teenagers drinking beer, he or she checks everyone’s
ID and arrests all who are underage. This example best typifies which officer style?
a. Crime fighter
b. Social agent
c. Law enforcer
d. Watchman
Madalyn has just earned her degree in Information Systems. After graduation she
decides to go to the police academy. She believes that working for the police and
combining her knowledge of computers would be a great niche field.
Madalyn’s department is trying something new to fight crime. Her orders are to
maintain a presence in the community, get to know the business owners and residents
and gain their trust. Why would she do this as part of her police duties?
a. Aggressive policing increases crime.
b. Technology has made the police cold and impersonal.
c. Police need community cooperation to reduce fear and crime.
d. This is the main role of patrol officers.
Which of the following stages of the criminal justice process comes earliest in the
process?
a. Charging
b. Investigation
c. Preliminary hearing
d. Arraignment
____________________ is illegal behavior that targets the security of computer
systems and/or the data accessed and processed by computer networks.
Holding probationers and parolees picked up for violations and waiting for a hearing is
one purpose of a _____.
Discuss the elements of the Inmate Social Code.
Donald Clemmer’s most important contribution to the world of corrections is his
identification of the __________________ process.
In probation proceedings, _____________ is not automatic.
A sentence of 3″20 years for the crime of burglary is an example of a(n)
____________________ sentence.
Inmates with strong ______________ have a better chance of making it on the outside.
Using the supervision of citizen volunteers called ______________, Zebulon Brockway
selected rehabilitated offenders for early release.
Approximately half of the states have three-strikes sentencing laws, but all of them
require the third felony to be ___________.
Why are ethics important in criminal justice? Choose a component of the justice system
and discuss ethical issues of importance.
The goal of the ____________________ perspective is to enable the offender to
appreciate the damage caused, to make amends, and to be reintegrated back into
society.
In a ______ court, the main concern is reducing recidivism.
Discuss the amendment that prohibits cruel and unusual punishment, as well as the
premise and outcome of the 2008 case of Baze and Bowling v. Rees
A ___________ release is when the determination of an arrestee’s eligibility for release
and the actual release of the arrestee are deferred until after he or she has been removed
from the scene of an arrest and brought to the station house or police headquarters.
New-generation jails allow for _________________observation of residents.
_____ bail is when the defendant pays a percentage of the bond to a bonding agent, who
posts the full bail.