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can be defined as an approach that promotes community-police relations.
a. Directed patrol
b. Random patrol
c. Proactive patrol
d. Community policing
During the pretrial, the takes on the role of the referee.
a. defense attorney
b. judge
c. prosecutor
d. public defender
Most of the rules of evidence that govern regular trials do not play a role in revocation
hearings.
a. True
b. False
Juvenile records are kept sealed but court proceedings are open to the public.
a. True
b. False
If Pennsylvania's prisons were designed to transform wrongdoers into honest citizens,
those in New York focused on:
a. idleness.
b. obedience.
c. silence.
d. privacy.
Which of the following is NOT under the direction of the Department of Homeland
Security?
a. U.S. Customs and Border Protection
b. the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI)
c. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
d. the U.S. Secret Service
Murder, rape, and theft are examples of crimes.
a. malainse
b. malaprohibita
c. premeditated
d. deliberate
Traffic laws reflect the teaching function of the law.
a. True
b. False
Under the model, the authorities directly notify the community of the sex offender's
presence.
a. community
b. passive
c. active
d. registration
All life course theorists believe in the continuitytheoryofcrime.
a. True
b. False
Case 12-2
Officer Hernandez has been working for the correctional system for 5 years. As a
custodial officer he has performed almost every job inside the prison walls. He is well
respected by the inmates and his fellow officers. Officer Hernandez found out that there
is an opportunity to be promoted. He studies for the exam and reviews all the policies
and duties for the employees at the correctional institution.
One of Sergeant Hernandez's rookie officers has been known to use excessive force.
Sergeant Hernandez must evaluate if the level of force used by Officer Williams is a
violation of an inmate's Eighth Amendment protections. Which Supreme Court case
held that the use of force by prison officials violates an inmate's Eighth Amendment
protections only if the force amounts to the "unnecessary and wanton infliction of
pain"?
a. Hudsonv.McMillan
b. Estellev.Gamble
c. Wilsonv.Seiter
d. Whitleyv.Albers
An act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal sanctions is:
a. a crime.
b. a felony.
c. a tort.
d. deviant.
Case 7-2
Barney was sentenced to a term of life in prison after he was found guilty of an armed
home invasion robbery. There are many issues that occurred during his trial that he
wants to appeal. First, he was a juvenile when arrested and charged for the home
invasion robbery. The juvenile judge dismissed the charges against Barney because the
victim stated that Barney was not the offender. The prosecutors decided to file Barney's
case in the adult criminal court system. This clearly is a violation of the protection
against double jeopardy. Also, Barney was not given an attorney until he was charged as
an adult.
The issues of double jeopardy and representation by an attorney would be appealable
because they are considered to be:
a. questions of fact.
b. questions of guilt.
c. questions of innocence.
d. questions of law.
Inmates who are are establishing themselves in the power structure of the prison
culture.
a. disorganized criminals
b. doing time
c. gleaning
d. jailing
What is the main purpose of the supermax prison?
a. to allow inmates to have access to the best trained correctional officers
b. to house high-profile inmates in a comfortable setting
c. to provide rehabilitation to the inmate
d. to strictly control the inmates' movements
The "broken windows theory" is based on the theory that by cracking down on crimes,
police can significantly reduce all crime in an area.
a. felony
b. property
c. quality-of-life
d. violent
Which piece of legislation gives federal law enforcement officers the power to arrest
and prosecute any individual
who provides "material support or resources" to a "terrorist organization"?
a. Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA)
b. Criminal Justice Model
c. The Liberty Seven
d. USA Patriot Act
The most common correctional treatment, which allows the offender to return to the
community and remain under the supervision of the agent of the court, is:
a. house arrest.
b. intensive supervised probation.
c. parole.
d. probation.
Megan's Law requires states to provide communities with relevant information on as a
condition of receiving federal anticrime funds.
a. drug offenders
b. murderers
c. property offenders
d. sexual offenders
What is the scope of the search during a stop?
a. area within the suspect's immediate control
b. area within the suspect's reach
c. nothing can be searched
d. outer clothing only
Opponents of victim impact statements argue that they
a. violate the Fifth Amendment rights of offenders.
b. result in reduced sentences for the offender.
c. are prejudicial and inflammatory.
d. constitute double jeopardy.
What type of challenge is one in which the attorney states the reason why a prospective
juror should not be included on the jury?
a. challenge for cause
b. peremptory challenge
c. venirechallenge
d. voirdirechallenge
Which of the following is NOT an excuse defense?
a. mistake
b. infancy
c. insanity
d. necessity
Case 12-2
Officer Hernandez has been working for the correctional system for 5 years. As a
custodial officer he has performed almost every job inside the prison walls. He is well
respected by the inmates and his fellow officers. Officer Hernandez found out that there
is an opportunity to be promoted. He studies for the exam and reviews all the policies
and duties for the employees at the correctional institution.
The warden decides that Sergeant Hernandez will supervise the rookie officers. He will
most likely be required to supervise which officers?
a. block officers
b. industrial officers
c. tower guards
d. yard officers
Probation is the most common correctional treatment.
a. True
b. False
The examination of a witness by the attorney who calls the witness to the stand to
testify is called:
a. cross-examination.
b. direct examination.
c. rebuttal examination.
d. surrebuttal examination.
A wrongful mental state, or intent, is known as:
a. actusreus.
b. malainse.
c. mensrea.
d. concurrence.
Community-based corrections are an important means of diverting criminals to
alternative modes of punishment so that scarce incarceration resources are consumed by
only the most dangerous criminals.
a. True
b. False
Community supervision that occurs after release from prison is called:
a. management time.
b. parole.
c. probation.
d. supervision period.
In a criminal case, the wrongful act is the violation of a statute that prohibits some type
of activity.
a. True
b. False
According to , social bonds promote conformity to social norms.
a. learning theory
b. conflict theory
c. psychological theory
d. control theory
Delegation of authority is a critical component of the chain of command, especially in
large departments.
a. True
b. False
The most frequent type of release from a jail or prison is probation, in which an inmate,
after serving part of his term in a correctional facility, is allowed to serve the rest of his
term in the community.
a. True
b. False
Identify and discuss the four types of prisons.
Felony-murder is a form of murder that applies when a person participates in any of a
list of serious felonies that results in the unlawful killing of a human being.
include wilderness camps, farms, and ranches where children are placed in an
environment that provides recreational activities and treatment programs.
The prison official ultimately responsible for the correctional facility is the warden, also
known as the
______________________.
is the hiring or promotion policy favoring those groups, such as women, African
Americans, or Hispanics, who have suffered from discrimination in the past or continue
to suffer from discrimination.
is the process by which one jurisdiction surrenders a person accused or convicted of
violating another jurisdiction's criminal law to the second jurisdiction.
The Amendment guarantees that no person can be required to be a victim against
himself or herself.
What are the three levels of home monitoring? What does each level require of the
offender?
____________________ assumes that an individual, after being punished for a certain
act, will be less likely to repeat that act.
The is a division within a police department that receives and investigates complaints of
wrongdoing by police officers.
are researchers who study the causes of crime.
Strict liability crimes hold the defendant to be guilty even if the to commit the offense is
lacking.
can be defined as the use of any drug " licit or illicit " that causes either psychological
or bodily harm
to the abuser or to third parties.
Discuss some of the reasons why juveniles join gangs.
Case 14-1
Bobby was born and raised in the United States. At the age of 16 he converted from
Christianity to become a Muslim. At first his parents were not concerned as they wanted
him to practice the religion of his choice. After Bobby returned home from a trip to the
Middle East, his parents became very concerned about his extreme religious beliefs.
Bobby's parents went through his belongings, including his computer, when he was
meeting with his religious advisors one evening. They became alarmed because they
found bomb-making training manuals and communications with people in the Middle
East who appeared to be terrorists.
Bobby decides to take a return trip to the Middle East. His parents are very opposed.
They express their concern to Bobby but he is intent to make the trip despite their
objections. They are concerned that Bobby may decide to commit a terrorist act at the
airport. What agency should Bobby's parents contact in order to ensure that he does not
cause harm while on the plane?
e. FEMA
f. TSA
g. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
h. U.S. Coast Guard
is/are more restrictive than probation and less restrictive than imprisonment.
is a hierarchically structured administrative organization that carries out specific
functions.
Identify, define, and discuss the four basic philosophical reasons for sentencing.
Identify and discuss the basic constitutional protections enjoyed by criminal defendants
in the United States.
