Abraham is an American citizen born to Saudi Arabian parents. His father used to know
people that had ties to Al Qaeda, but he doesn”t speak with them anymore. Recently,
Abraham’s father seems to do a lot of business on the computer and telephone at night,
but his uncle has just arrived for a visit so they are probably just catching up with old
friends. One day as Abraham is driving to school, he notices two men in a nondescript
car that seems to be following him. The next week, he notices some kind of tracking
device hanging from the underside of the car bumper.
If Abraham’s father is back in touch with the people that have ties to Al Qaeda, and may
even be working with them, which goal of terrorism do they most likely align with?
a. Retributive terrorism
b. Nationalist terrorism
c. State-sponsored terrorism
d. Revolutionary terrorism
What federal program supported innovative research on police work and advanced
training for police officers during the 1970s?
a. Criminal Justice Institute
b. National Institute of Justice
c. Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)
d. Federal Crime Bill
Stanley is seeking help from a psychiatrist. After multiple sessions, he tells his
psychiatrist that he has fantasies about killing a girl. Months later he does actually kill
the girl that he spoke of during his sessions with the psychiatrist.
In addition to being tried for the girls’ murder, the parents of the deceased sue the
psychiatrist for not warning the police of the potential threat. What categories of law is
this case found in?
a. Substantive criminal law and procedural law
b. Procedural law and civil law
c. Substantive criminal law and civil law
d. Procedural law and public law
The case of Jared Lee Loughner, who shot Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, is an
example of _______ of the “wedding cake” model of justice.
a. Level I
b. Level II
c. Level III
d. Level IV
To qualify for federal funds under truth-in-sentencing laws, states must require persons
convicted of a violent felony crime to serve not less than ____ percent of the prison
sentence.
a. 25
b. 45
c. 65
d. 85
Which statement is false regarding the population of jail inmates?
a. The number of juveniles in adult facilities has been dramatically increasing in the
past decade.
b. Less than 12 percent of jail inmates are female.
c. Men and the poor are overrepresented among jail inmates.
d. Racial and ethnic minorities are overrepresented among jail inmates.
The historic version of probation was termed a judicial reprieve.
a. True
b. False
The concept of attorney competence was defined by the US Supreme Court in the case
of Strickland v. Washington.
a. True
b. False
____is the illegal acquisition of personal information such as bank passwords and credit
card numbers by masquerading as a trustworthy person/business in what appears to be
an official electronic communication.
a. E-tailing fraud
b. Phishing
c. Cyber theft
d. Touting
Approximately ____ percent of all sworn officers in the nation’s largest police
departments are in units that don”t allow them to make arrests (such as
communications, administration, etc.).
a. 5
b. 15
c. 25
d. 35
Which of the following is the highest on the punishment ladder?
a. Forfeiture
b. Intensive probation
c. House arrest
d. Electronic monitoring
Cyber stalking usually pertains to threatening or harassing e-mail messages, instant
messages, or blog entries dedicated solely to tormenting an individual.
a. True
b. False
The process of creating a global economy through transnational markets and political
and legal systems is referred to as transnationalism.
a. True
b. False
The element of criminal law most relevant to criminal justice is torts, or the law of
personal injuries.
a. True
b. False
Shifting alliances, change of location, and willingness of transnational gangs to use
violence makes the fight against global crime difficult.
a. True
b. False
Substantive due process refers to a citizen’s right to be protected from criminal laws that
may be biased, discriminatory, and otherwise unfair.
a. True
b. False
Stanley is seeking help from a psychiatrist. After multiple sessions, he tells his
psychiatrist that he has fantasies about killing a girl. Months later he does actually kill
the girl that he spoke of during his sessions with the psychiatrist.
The lawsuit filed by the deceased girl’s parents is called:
a. stare decisis.
b. a tort.
c. lex talionis.
d. malum prohibitum.
A recent trend among Asian criminal enterprises is cooperation across ethnic and racial
lines.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements is false regarding bail issues?
a. It is expensive because the government must pay to detain those offenders who are
unable to make bail but who would otherwise remain in the community.
b. There is no racial or ethnic disparity in the bail process.
c. It is unfair because a higher proportion of detainees receive longer sentences than
people released on bail.
d. It is dehumanizing because innocent people who cannot make bail suffer in the
nation’s deteriorated jail system.
An ethical issue that has received recent attention is that of sexual violence by
correctional officers against inmates.
a. True
b. False
The most commonly used formal sentence for juvenile offenders is institutionalization.
a. True
b. False
Bail can be used to punish an accused, and can be denied or revoked at the indulgence
of the court.
a. True
b. False
What is considered to be the most widely cited source of criminal statistics?
a.UCRs
b.NCVS
c.National Indicators of Drug Abuse
d.Bureau of Justice Statistics
Which of the following officers was part of the watch system of policing that thrived in
thirteenth-century England?
a. Watchmen
b.Shire reeve
c. Justice of the peace
d. All of these
How do most municipal police departments determine promotion eligibility?
a. Intelligence testing
b. College performance
c. Arrest performance
d. Time-in-rank
Problem-oriented policing focuses equally on problem solving and reactive crime
fighting.
a. True
b. False
Grant was arrested for unlawful possession of a firearm, a misdemeanor in New York
State. He is involved in a custody battle with his ex-wife and he brought the gun with
him to scare her into letting him see his daughter more often. They got into a shouting
match and he pulled the gun out. Grant was arrested and he pled guilty to disorderly
conduct, a handgun violation, and was given probation.
What is the basis of historical probation that allowed Grant to serve a punishment in the
community by following conditions of supervision?
a. Judicial reprieve
b. Surety
c. Suspended sentencing
d. Dispositions
According to social structure theory, an offender weighs the consequences and benefits
of their actions before engaging in criminal behavior.
a.True
b.False
The time-in-rank system used in police departments often discourages the:
a. recruitment and hiring of college-educated officers.
b. recruitment and hiring of minority officers.
c. transfer of experienced officers to other departments.
d. use of a military-like organizational structure.
In early Greece and Rome, interpersonal violence was viewed as a private matter.
a. True
b. False
The sentencing judge has very limited discretion in setting probation conditions.
a. True
b. False
What was the most widely used device or legislation to bring prisoners’ complaints
before state and federal courts in the late 1960s?
a. The Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment
b. The dictates of the Percy Amendment
c. The National Corrections Act of 1965
d. The Federal Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. 1983
The ____________________ perspective has influenced the development of sentencing
policies that emphasize mandatory punishments.
Discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of two
alternative correctional programs.
____________________ involves analyzing and assigning cases to a level and type of
supervision on the basis of the clients’ particular needs and the potential for harm to the
community.
Explain the three key points to Wilson and Kelling’s broken windows model. Elaborate
how the move to community policing reflects the move from a purely crime-control
model to one that encompasses elements of rehabilitation and restorative justice.
Elaborate on the court’s involvement in concerns over the death penalty, including a
discussion of relevant case law.
According to the criminal justice assembly line, each stage is actually a
_______________ through which the cases flow.
Outline the main premises of restorative justice. Discuss the challenges of this model
and how these challenges may be overcome.
A law that inflicts a greater punishment than was available when the crime was
committed is termed a(n) ____________________ law.
There is empirical evidence that _________ community-oriented policing efforts can
reduce disorder and impact the crime rate.
In the ____________________ system of indigent defense, a block grant is given to a
lawyer or law firm to handle indigent defense cases.
The policy of self-help that prevailed in villages demanded that everyone respond if a
citizen raised a ___________ to get their aid.
The concept of the grand jury was brought to the American colonies by early settlers
and later incorporated into the ____________________ Amendment of the US
Constitution.
The first police agency was developed in 1829 in ____________________.
Ex-inmates may also find that going straight is an _______________ impossibility.
Millions of misdemeanors, such as disorderly conduct, shoplifting, public drunkenness,
and minor assault, comprise ____________________ of the criminal justice “wedding
cake.” Lower courts handle these cases in an assembly-line fashion.