__________ are the most frequently reported types of elder abuse.
A) Physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect
B) Sexual abuse, financial abuse, and physical abuse
C) Financial abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect
D) Physical neglect, sexual abuse, and financial abuse
Which of the following is a characteristic of late-onset delinquency?
A) conduct problems arising from the peer context of early adolescence
B) emotionally negative and restless as early as age 2
C) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
D) long-term, inept parenting
According to the lifespan perspective, __________ is supreme in its impact on the life
course.
A) the prenatal period
B) early childhood
C) adolescence
D) no single age period
Evidence indicates that __________ contributes substantially to the self-esteem,
optimism, and life satisfaction of low-SES, ethnic minority seniors.
A) belief in fate
B) belief in God’s powers
C) participation in diverse religions
D) belief that God is a man-made construct
Parents of __________ often report a dip in marital and life satisfaction.
A) infants
B) preschoolers
C) school-age children
D) adolescents
Dr. Hahn believes that language is etched into the structure of the brain. Dr. Hahn
endorses the __________ perspective of language development.
A) dynamic systems
B) nativist
C) behaviorist
D) interactionist
Roni is an adolescent immigrant from a collectivist culture. The longer his family has
been in the United States, the lesser Roni feels committed to obeying his parents and
fulfilling family obligations. As a result, Roni may experience
A) acculturative stress.
B) bicultural avoidance.
C) ethnic-identity foreclosure.
D) ethnic-identity moratorium.
With regard to information processing, preschoolers
A) have little or no sustained attention ability.
B) cannot resist the pull of their attention toward a dominant stimulus.
C) have little or no ability to inhibit impulses.
D) become more aware of their own mental life.
For both affluent and low-SES youths, what simple routine is associated with a
reduction in adjustment difficulties?
A) eating dinner with parents
B) early bedtimes
C) completing homework before dinner
D) weekly family night
Most chromosomal defects result from
A) X-linked disorders.
B) mistakes occurring during mitosis.
C) mistakes occurring during meiosis.
D) recessive disorders.
Magnet schools
A) are located in upper-income areas.
B) emphasize a specific area of interest.
C) are voluntarily segregated.
D) use constructivist classrooms rather than traditional classrooms.
More Italian young adults reside with their parents until marriage than in other Western
nations because
A) young adults must financially contribute to the family’s welfare before moving on.
B) Italian parents grant their adolescent children extensive freedoms within the parental
home.
C) parents believe that moving out without a “justified” reason signifies that something
is wrong in the family.
D) Italian young adults are expected to serve as family kinkeepers.
Adolescents who reach the formal operational stage of cognitive development
A) can only operate on reality.
B) cannot “operate on operations.”
C) no longer require concrete things and events as objects of thought.
D) cannot yet come up with general logical rules through internal reflection.
In a study of women ages 50 to 79, a __________ diet involving __________ was
associated with greater initial weight loss and success at maintaining that loss over a
seven-year period.
A) low-carbohydrate; no consumption of pasta, bread, and starchy vegetables
B) low-fat; increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, and grains
C) low-sugar; no consumption of sugar or foods that quickly turn into sugar
D) liquid; consumption of nutrient-packed shakes and smoothies
Which of the following relationships are usually closer for middle-aged adults and their
aging parents?
A) father”daughter
B) father”son
C) mother”son
D) mother”daughter
Jay, age 50, is finally comfortable with himself. He is more independent, assertive, and
committed to his personal values than he was in early adulthood. Jay probably believes
that midlife is
A) a time of upheaval and crisis.
B) a stepping-stone to old age.
C) more stressful than early adulthood.
D) “the prime of life.”
Mark is from Texas, and Daryl is from Alberta, Canada. Which of the following
statements about the likelihood of each sexually active teen contracting AIDS or
another STD is true?
A) Mark is less likely than Daryl to contract AIDS, but more likely to contract another
STD.
B) Mark is more likely than Daryl to contract AIDS or another STD.
C) Mark is less likely than Daryl to contract AIDS or another STD.
D) Mark is more likely than Daryl to contract AIDS, but less likely to contract another
STD.
Which of the following statements about middle-aged children and their aging parents
is true?
A) Adults of past generations were more devoted to their aging parents than
contemporary adults.
B) Approximately two-thirds of older adults in the United States do not live in close
proximity to any of their children.
C) A longer life expectancy means that adult children and their parents are increasingly
likely to grow old together.
D) Adult children spend less time in physical proximity to their parents today than in
the past.
In recent national surveys, _____ percent of Americans age 65 and older said that
religion is very important in their lives.
A) 40
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70
Today, more older adults who enter a new relationship choose
A) cohabitation.
B) remarriage.
C) younger partners.
D) long-term engagements.
What type of individual is likely to cope adaptively with stress brought on by the
inevitable changes of life?
A) one who views most experiences as out of her control
B) one who fears change
C) one who has a pessimistic outlook
D) one who displays a committed, involved approach to daily activities
Pat’s relatives read sutras to him to calm his mind and emphasized that dying leads to
rebirth in a heaven of peace and relaxation. Pat is most likely a(n)
A) African American.
B) Native American.
C) Buddhist.
D) member of the Maori tribe.
Following the death of a teacher at her elementary school, 5-year-old Tia tells her
friends that teachers die, but parents live forever. Tia is having trouble understanding
the death concept of
A) inevitability.
B) cessation.
C) applicability.
D) causation.
At Chyna’s mother’s funeral, eulogies and music were designed to trigger release of
deep emotion. Grief was expressed freely. Chyna’s family is most likely
A) Quaker.
B) Balinese.
C) African American.
D) Jewish.
In a longitudinal design, researchers study
A) the same group of participants repeatedly at different ages.
B) groups of participants differing in age at the same point in time.
C) participants over the same ages but in different years.
D) participants of the same age at the same point in time.
Stimulation and fun, as well as growth and learning experiences, are some of the most
important reasons that many adults cite for choosing to
A) remain childless.
B) get married.
C) have children.
D) remain single.
Middle adulthood is
A) marked by feelings of chaos and crisis.
B) a contemporary phenomenon, basically nonexistent before the twentieth century.
C) hard to define because few variations in attitudes and behaviors exist from early
adulthood.
D) more about aging mentally than physically.
The voluntary childless are usually
A) uneducated.
B) low-SES.
C) college-educated.
D) unemployed.
According to Kbler-Ross, most people who reach acceptance
A) avoid discussions with doctors and family members to escape from the prospect of
death.
B) realize the inevitability of death but attempt to bargain for extra time.
C) do so only in the last weeks or days before death.
D) become despondent and depressed in the last days before death.
According to the pragmatic approach to morality,
A) everyday moral judgments are practical tools that people use to achieve their goals.
B) everyday moral judgments are efforts to arrive at just solutions.
C) Gilligan provides a more accurate account of moral reasoning than Kohlberg’s
theory.
D) Kohlberg’s stage sequence adequately accounts for morality in everyday life.
Infants’ emotional expressions are
A) closely tied to their ability to interpret the emotional cues of others.
B) easy for researchers to categorize because they are clearly recognizable.
C) hardwired at birth, and their responses to emotional cues are automatic.
D) consistent across cultures and emerge in stage-like sequences.
Mrs. Ritchie wants to foster her students’ emotional intelligence. Her lesson plans
should use active learning techniques that provide skill practice in __________ and
__________.
A) respect and caring for others; resistance to unfavorable peer pressure
B) abstract reasoning; metacognitive understanding
C) healthy competition; effective use of memory strategies
D) peer mentoring; civic engagement
_________ increases the odds of living longer.
A) Receipt of financial support
B) Availability of social support
C) Acceptance of dependency
D) Providing care to others
Which of the following statements about bicultural identity is true?
A) Biculturally identified adolescents tend to show higher achievement in school, but
have more emotional and behavior problems.
B) Biculturally identified adolescents tend to have especially favorable relations with
members of other ethnic groups.
C) Biculturally identified adolescents tend to regard ethnicity as less central to their
identities than monoracial adolescents.
D) Adolescents form a bicultural identity by exploring and adopting values from
various subcultures and rejecting the values of the dominant culture.