Unlock document.
This document is partially blurred.
Unlock all pages and 1 million more documents.
Get Access
Which type of cyber vandalism appears as a benign application that actually contains
codes that can damage the system operations?
a. Mydoom
b. Trojan horse
c. Malware
d. Chiseling
Gary has just been granted parole. He served 7 of his 10 year sentence because he was
mostly well behaved; he worked in the captain's office and got an accounting degree
inside prison. When he is released, his partner doesn"t want to see him and his parents
won"t let him stay with them until he gets a job and proves that he is no longer a
criminal.
Gary has signed up to take the Certified Public Accounting (CPA) exam. He was sure
that getting a college degree in prison would make him marketable and he would be
able to get a good job upon leaving prison. He hasn"t had a successful experience thus
far and has just found out that he is not allowed to take the CPA exam. What is the main
reason for Gary having so much trouble on the outside?
a. His college degree earned in prison is not the same as a free person's college degree.
b. His family is not supportive.
c. Gary is barred from being employed in a financial field.
d. Prison locks people into the lowest rung of society.
When did the House of Refuge in New York first open?
a. 1645
b. 1773
c. 1825
d. 1910
Federal funding makes up ___ percent of the contemporary criminal justice system.
a. 10
b. 19
c. 27
d. 38
Proactive policing is a cornerstone of community policing.
a. True
b. False
The detection and enforcement of large-scale corporate crime is primarily in the hands
of?
a. US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
b. US Postal Service (USPS)
c. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
d. US Secret Service (USSS)
Joquine is 16 years old and has two prior arrests on his record. He has a history of drug
abuse and has been in and out of counseling and diversion programs since he was 14.
He has a stable home life, involved parents, attends school, and seems to be well
engaged in community activities when he is not hanging out with a couple of the
neighborhood troublemaker kids.
A prosecutor has decided to charge Joquine for assault with a dangerous weapon. He
was coerced by his friends into bringing a hammer to school and attacking someone
with it. He will be detained in a secure facility pending his trial. What was likely one of
the main reasons why they kept Joquine in custody this time?
a. He is a danger to his family.
b. He is a repeat offender.
c. The need to protect him.
d. He needs to detox.
In the case of Blakely v. Washington, the court found that Washington state's sentencing
guidelines were in violation of the ____ Amendment.
a. Fourth
b. Fifth
c. Sixth
d. Eighth
The statement "Aggressive policing increases community perception that police arrest
many criminals and therefore most violators get caught" is an example of:
a. the deterrent effect.
b. the proactive effect.
c. the aggressive effect.
d. sheer luck.
What happens when probation is revoked?
a. The probation contract is terminated and the original sentence is imposed.
b. The judgment is deferred until such time as the defendant is rehabilitated.
c. The suspended sentence is held in abeyance and the defendant is subject to
mandatory participation in a pretrial diversion program.
d. The probation contract is extended and a prison term is imposed.
A grand jury hearing is open to the public.
a. True
b. False
One of the criminal sanctions available to the sentencing judge is commitment to a state
hospital.
a. True
b. False
Most municipal police departments in the United States are linked to state police
agencies and their administrative authority.
a. True
b. False
A Crime Index is:
a.a measure of all crime, including crimes reported and crimes not reported to the
police.
b.an accurate picture of the number of crimes committed.
c.an estimate of crime that is not reported to the police.
d.an estimate of crimes committed.
The majority of inmates the in the United States are:
a. housed in maximum or super-maximum facilities.
b. housed in private prisons.
c. alcohol and/or drug dependent at the time of their arrest.
d. first-time violent offenders who will serve long sentences.
What federal agency is responsible for the transportation of federal prisoners?
a. USMS
b. FBI
c. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
d. Secret Service
Specific deterrence is the theory that crime rates are influenced and controlled by the
threat of criminal punishment.
a. True
b. False
An employee is forced to divert funds into a special account and failure to cooperate
will result in the execution of his or her family. Which defense would be most
applicable to this situation?
a. Duress
b. Entrapment
c. Necessity
d. Consent
The conflict in the Ukraine between the Russian-backed separatists and government
forces is an example of revolutionary terrorism.
a. True
b. False
After assuming their duties, new police recruits are automatically placed in the field to
practice what they have learned in the academy and no additional training is required at
that time.
a. True
b. False
The inmate population in the United States has __________ despite a decade long
crime drop.
a. increased exponentially
b. stabilized
c. only decreased minimally
d. stayed the same
Community service is an example of:
a. forfeiture.
b. shock incarceration.
c. restitution.
d. intensive probation supervision.
Stanley is seeking help from a psychiatrist. After multiple sessions, he tells his
psychiatrist that he has fantasies about killing a girl. Months later he does actually kill
the girl that he spoke of during his sessions with the psychiatrist.
In applying the rule of lex talionis, how would the parents obtain closure for their
daughter's murder?
a. The parents would be paid for their loss.
b. The parents would be able to take over the psychiatry business.
c. The parents would be able to kill Stanley for taking their daughter's life.
d. The parents would not be able to gain closure through this rule.
Community-oriented policing involves an increase in foot patrol.
a. True
b. False
Intensive probation supervision (IPS) has been proven effective at reducing reoffending
rates.
a. True
b. False
In what 1972 case did the court rule that an attorney must be provided in all criminal
cases where the penalty includes imprisonment?
a. Gideon v. Wainwright
b. Strickland v. Washington
c. Burger v. Kemp
d. Argersinger v. Hamlin
The Auburn system used tiered cells, congregate living conditions, group activities, and
silence as punishment.
a. True
b. False
Although most common-law crimes require intent, strict liability crimes do not have a
mental requirement.
a. True
b. False
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act is designed to limit
patterns of organized criminal activity by prohibiting involvement in acts intended to
derive income from racketeering.
a. True
b. False
What was the principle factor that shaped the punishment of criminals in the sixteenth
century?
a. The spread of the black plague and the social hysteria that came with it.
b. The shift from a stable to a wandering nomadic way of life.
c. Sharp increases in the crime rate.
d. The changing labor markets that stemmed from urbanization and colonization.
Which of the following is true regarding the stand-your-ground justification defense?
a. Most self-defense statutes require a duty to retreat before reacting to a threat with
physical violence.
b. The castle exception does not require an obligation to retreat within an individual's
residence before fighting back.
c. Stand-your-ground laws allow average citizens to use deadly force when they
reasonably believe that their homes or vehicles have been illegally invaded.
d. All of the above are true regarding the 'stand-your-ground" justification defense.
Using local rules of conduct and customs to decide a case is referred to as
________________.
Compare and contrast the "fleeing felon" and Tennessee v. Garner rules as they relate to
police use of deadly force.
In a ___________________the prosecutor has the discretion of filing charges in either
juvenile or criminal court.
Discuss the roles and perception of early US police agencies and the impact of
professionalism on the perception of the police.
Incarceration of felony offenders for terms of one year or more occurs in a _____.
How effective has community policing been in reducing crime and improving
community-law enforcement relations?
The use of ____________________ factors such as offender age is a direct violation of
the constitution.
Discuss the impact of technology on policing through the use of specific examples.
As the trade of human organs appears to be growing, desperate victims in developing
countries are exploited as their ____________ are purchased for low prices.
The two distinct theories regarding the cause of collective violence are the inmate
balance theory and the ____________________ theory.
Exercising legitimate discretion for improper reasons or using illegal means to achieve
approved goals is referred to as _______.
Discuss how and why there are differences between female and male inmate cultures?
How do these differences influence adjustment to prison life?
The "wedding cake" model is an alternative to the traditional criminal justice flowchart.
Using specific examples, elaborate the "wedding cake" model. Address how society and
the justice system respond to crimes committed at each level.
Used to gradually acclimate inmates to conventional society, a ________ is a
community-based correctional facility that houses inmates prior to their outright
release.
Designated police patrol areas are called ____________________.
In 1972 in Furman v. Georgia, the court decided that the discretionary imposition of the
death penalty was ____________ under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments of the
US Constitution.
