An act of force perceived by the powerful as threatening to the status quo is called
__________.
A) violence
B) a crime
C) secondary deviance
D) racial profiling
At one point in our nation’s history, alcohol was classified as a __________ and
outlawed.
A) narcotic
B) psychoactive drug
C) gateway drug
D) cultural drug
Efforts to increase worker efficiency by breaking down work into very specialized tasks
and working with an assembly line production mentality is central to the concept of
__________.
A) sweatshops
B) the dual labor market
C) scientific management
D) capital flight
Women are still oppressed by __________.
A) the social sciences
B) social locations
C) social movements
D) social institutions
According to the text, the major reason for world hunger is __________.
A) an insufficient food production for the population
B) the control of farmland dominated by large corporations
C) the social organization of food production and distribution
D) the obesity rates in wealthy nations
Methamphetamine is a(n) __________.
A) narcotic
B) amphetamine
C) depressant
D) hallucinogen
Firing someone simply for being gay is a form of __________.
A) the Employment Non-Discrimination Act
B) occupational discrimination
C) anti-Semitism
D) cultural persecution
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act __________.
A) prevented candidates from using their own money to win elections
B) limited the use of soft money in federal elections
C) limited the giving of large sums to affect election outcomes
D) allowed unlimited donations from individual donors
What environmental issue can be the result of increased production and increased
consumption?
A) Decreasing levels of air pollution
B) Increasing amounts of resource depletion
C) Eradication of environmental classism
D) An abundance of new tree growth
Sometime, the poor receive government funds and subsidies, known as __________, in
order to help them get by at a minimum level.
A) welfare
B) wealthfare
C) regressive taxes
D) the official poverty line
According to William Graham Sumner, the rich are successful because __________.
A) they are superior
B) they have worked the hardest
C) there is a conspiracy by the powerful who keep the poor down
D) they have helped the poor
Terms like “chick,” “honey,” and “sweetheart” are examples of __________ language
that perpetuates male dominance.
A) trivializing
B) sexualizing
C) ignoring
D) policing
Stopping all people who appear to be Muslim or Arab at the airport and flagging them
for extra screening is an example of __________.
A) racial formation
B) cultural deficiency theory
C) multiculturalism
D) racial profiling
The U.S. system of capitalism depends on __________.
A) the socioeconomic equality of citizens
B) the maximization of profit
C) the decrease of overconsumption
D) improvement of the environment
The case of the Jena Six is an example of __________.
A) racial profiling
B) a racially biased justice system
C) mandatory sentencing
D) determinate sentencing
The principal indicator of successful assimilation is __________.
A) poverty
B) ethnic enclaves
C) social stratification
D) language
The term “sexual preference” implies __________.
A) socially created sexuality
B) a sense of choice regarding the sex of the persons one is attracted to
C) a deterministic view of sexual attraction
D) a religious stance
The fact that the average SAT score for high income youths was 381 points higher than
for low income youths illustrates that __________.
A) class has an influence on education
B) upper-income families value education more
C) low-income students do not work as hard at school
D) upper-income students are cheating
Which of the following contributes to the minority education gap?
A) Segregation
B) Educational opportunities
C) Less funding and fewer federal programs for schools.
D) Lack of willpower
Deviant behavior that is a consequence of the self-fulfilling prophecy of a negative
label is called __________.
A) secondary deviance
B) political crime
C) victimless crime
D) white-collar crime
The world adds almost 1 million people every four __________.
A) hours
B) days
C) years
D) millennia
Which of the following is true of conditions in urban areas?
A) The child poverty rate is the lowest.
B) The overall poverty rate is higher.
C) White residents are more likely to be concentrated in poverty areas here.
D) Most wealthy people have summer homes in these areas.
According to the sociological perspective, which of the following best explains social
problems?
A) Norm violators
B) People who seek self-actualization
C) Problems caused by societal conditions
D) Biology
Which of the following is an example of an indirect interlock?
A) Smith serves on the board of Company A, and Jones serves on the board of
competing Company B. However, Smith and Jones both serve on the board of
Company C.
B) Smith serves on the board of Company A, Jones serves on the board of Company B,
and Miller serves on the board of Company C. None of them serve on any other board.
C) Smith, Jones, and Miller all serve on the board of Company A. None of them serve
on any other board.
D) Smith, Jones, and Miller all started Company A. None of them now serve on the
board.
__________ are corporate enterprises with holdings and subsidiaries in several different
countries.
A) International cooperatives
B) Plutocracies
C) Oligopolies
D) Transnational corporations
After taking a social problems class, Josh begins to focus on the institutionalized
patterns of discrimination as the sources of the secondary status of minorities because
he believes in __________ theories.
A) deficiency
B) bias
C) structural discrimination
D) racial-formation
Local control of education is often a social problem because of __________.
A) the relationship between national tax revenues and the quality of education
B) the underrepresentation on school boards of business leaders
C) the lack of standardized curriculum
D) a preoccupation with conformity
A student who lives in a section of a city with a lot of rental housing and low property
values is likely to _________.
A) receive more funding at school to make up for the disadvantage
B) receive less funding at school
C) be offered vouchers to attend private school
D) have free or reduced cost tutors available in home
A substandard working environment where labor laws are violated is called a
__________.
A) sunset industry
B) sunrise industry
C) sweatshop
D) outsourcing
Sometime around 2050, __________.
A) Latinos will make up about 29 percent of the U.S. population
B) African Americans will make up about 50 percent of the U.S. population
C) Minority groups will leave the United States
D) Asians will be the racial majority
The __________ approach to disability does not define disability in medical terms,
instead opting to focus on structural conditions present in the world.
A) social
B) medical
C) detrimental
D) parasocial
Critics argue that capitalism, because its objective is profit and not enhancing the
human condition, promotes __________.
A) democracy
B) individual fulfillment
C) equality
D) inequality
Mary lives on the streets. She begs for money and food and often goes hungry. She is
__________.
A) living below the poverty line
B) a member of the old poor
C) experiencing institutional discrimination
D) taking part in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act
Cheating on personal income tax and time theft are examples of __________.
A) organized crime
B) street crime
C) white-collar crime
D) corporate crime
The Military Commissions Act of 2006 __________.
A) expands who can be considered an “enemy combatant”
B) allows no interrogation tactics
C) strengthens rules of evidence and due process
D) gave the United States a good reputation abroad
Discuss the evidence supplied that the drug war is racist. How do you think this came
about? How could it be changed? Be specific.
How has judicial discretion in sentencing changed since the 1970s? What are the effects
of this?
The policy of __________ is visible when companies manufacture goods and then
make changes to market new items for continued consumption.
The census generally __________ the number of poor.
Identify and describe the reasons why Social Security is considered to be a regressive
tax.
Advantaged members of society have more__________ to determine what constitutes a
social problem than disadvantaged members of society.
Jonathan Kozol cites the fact that as a society we seem more ready to spend money to
punish a child who grows up to commit a crime than to spend money to educate the
child and prevent the crime in the first place as evidence of our collective __________.
__________ are substandard work environments where workers are paid less than
minimum wage, are worked overtime without being paid premium rates, and are
subjected to conditions that violate labor laws.
William J. Wilson argues that the ghetto poor endure because of the disappearance of
low-skill jobs in the past 30 years or so. Discuss how this view differs from the
explanation that might be offered by William Graham Sumner.
There are approximately __________ schools in the United States.
Between 2000 and 2010, the United States lost approximately 5.5 million __________
jobs.
Since 1970, the percentage of all U.S. children living with a single parent has increased
__________ percent.
__________ not only increases the quality of care at private hospitals, which drives up
profits and furthers healthcare segregation, it also leads to overcrowding and poorer
care at public hospitals.
__________ occurs when the customary ways of doing things, the prevailing attitudes
and expectations, and the accepted structural arrangements in society disadvantage the
poor.
__________ have been shown to be capable of eliminating the learning gap between
middle-class and lower-class children at a very young age.
Tea Party activists are/were generally opposed to President __________.
__________ refers to the theory that the poor are poor because societal structures limit
their opportunities.