Mr. and Mrs. Fischman keep tabs on their teenage daughter Alexa’s school progress and
communicate with her teachers frequently. However, as Alexa moves into high school,
they wonder whether they should decrease their level of involvement. What should you tell
them?
A)They should remain involved as these efforts are just as important during high school as
they were earlier.
B)They should decrease their level of school involvement, so as not to embarrass Alexa.
C)Parents’ school involvement has no correlation to grade point average or other indicators
of school success.
D)Children pay no attention to their parents’ level of school involvement, so they should
do whatever feels best to them.
In Piaget’s theory, __________ involves building schemes through direct interaction
with the environment.
A)disequilibrium
B)assimilation
C)organization
D)adaptation
Research on preschool friendships reveals that
A)friendships in early childhood tend to last an average of 4 to 7 years.
B)only about one-fourth of young children reciprocally name each other as best friends.
C)more than one-third of young children mention the same best friend from one year to the
next.
D)young preschoolers are more likely than older preschoolers to have other-sex best
friends.
Lana understands that an object’s shape is the same whether she sees it or touches it, that
the pattern of footsteps signals the approach of a person, and that breaking a glass causes a
sharp, crashing sound. This understanding is called
A)amodal stability.
B)differentiation.
C)intermodal perception.
D)intersensory acuity.
Which of the following statements about debriefing is true?
A)Young children often lack the cognitive skills to understand the reasons for deceptive
procedures.
B)It should be done with children, and usually works well, but it does not have to be done
with adults.
C)Researchers use it when participants cannot fully appreciate the research goals and
activities.
D)It involves explaining to research participants that they have the right to alternative
beneficial treatments.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau saw children as
A)determining their own destinies.
B)blank slates to be filled by adult instruction.
C)tainted by original sin.
D)passive and highly plastic.
A Piagetian classroom that emphasizes discovery learning would probably include
A)explicit verbal teaching of ready-made information.
B)a rich variety of activities designed to promote exploration and discovery.
C)introduction of new skills according to normative standards of readiness.
D)progress evaluation on the basis of average performance of same-age peers.
By age 25,
A)U.S. young adults have typically given up Internet dating.
B) there is a marked increase in uncommitted sexual encounters.
C)most American men, but not women, are sexually active.
D)nearly all U.S. young people have become sexually active.
As the prefrontal cortex develops in middle childhood, executive function undergoes
marked improvement and children make gains in
A)information-processing speed.
B)information-processing capacity.
C)strategic thinking.
D)rehearsing.
Lourdes is capable of hypothetico-deductive reasoning. When faced with a problem,
which of the following will she do first?
A)develop a prediction about all possible variables that might affect the outcome
B)deduce specific hypotheses about what might happen in a situation
C)test her hypotheses in an orderly fashion to see which ones work in the real world
D)examine the most obvious predictions about a situation
An abnormal increase in maternal __________ in the third trimester of pregnancy is
currently being evaluated as an early predictor of premature birth.
A)corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
B)cortisol
C)insulin
D)thyroxine
Baby Sabrina opens her mouth differently for a nipple than for a spoon. In Piaget’s
theory, this is an example of a
A)reflexive scheme.
B)primary circular reaction.
C)secondary circular reaction.
D)tertiary circular reaction.