When Elliot engages in intense exercise, particularly in cold weather or during allergy
season, his bronchial tubes fill with mucus and contract. This causes him to cough and
have serious breathing difficulties. Elliot has
A)nocturnal enuresis.
B)asthma.
C)emphysema.
D)bronchitis.
As an alternative to infant tests, some researchers have turned to __________ measures to
assess early mental development.
A)adult IQ
B)operant learning
C)information-processing
D)classical conditioning
Just over half of American 18- to 25-year olds
A)do not qualify for enough private or federal financial aid to attend college.
B)enter graduate school within three years of earning their bachelor’s degree.
C)return to their parents’ home for brief periods after first leaving.
D)view marriage and parenthood as crucial markers of adult status.
__________ is strongly associated with greater intake of fruits, vegetables, grains, and
calcium-rich foods.
A)Positive body image
B)Adolescent girls’ concern about their weight
C)Frequency of family meals
D)Participation in fad diets
In adolescence, the number of red blood cells __________ in __________.
A)increases; both girls and boys
B)increases; boys, but not in girls
C)increases; girls, but not in boys
D)decreases; both girls and boys
Which of the following children is at risk for excessive weight gain?
A)Lauralee, whose parents are normal weight
B)Stewart, who was malnourished in the past
C)Zachary, who was breastfed for two years
D)Donna, whose parents are vegans
At home, Paul’s parents hit him as punishment for misbehavior. At preschool, Paul angrily
hits a playmate who takes his toy. According to social learning theory, Paul is displaying
A)classical conditioning.
B)operant conditioning.
C)behavior modification.
D)observational learning.
A researcher studying the effects of a certain pain reliever on children with chronic pain
gave one group of children the pain medication and gave a placebo (or sugar pill) to
another group of children. After the results were recorded, the placebo group did not
receive real pain medication. This violates which of the following children’s research
rights?
A)privacy
B)beneficial treatments
C)informed consent
D)knowledge of results
When an unfamiliar adult picks up Louisa, age 9 months, she begins to cry and struggles to
get down. Louisa is exhibiting
A)stranger anxiety.
B)avoidant attachment.
C)insecure attachment.
D)separation anxiety.
After a field trip to the museum, Leslie asks her son, “What was the first thing we did?
Why weren’t the trains moving? I thought that the pink airplane was really big. What did
you think?” Leslie is using a(n) __________ style to elicit her son’s autobiographical
memory.
A)deliberative
B)repetitive
C)reconstructive
D)elaborative
Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
A)tend to score higher in IQ than other children.
B)are often asymptomatic before age 7.
C)find it hard to ignore irrelevant information.
D)have no difficulty with planning or reasoning.
Which of the following individuals is the most likely to spend the greatest amount of time
in REM sleep?
A)Trevor, a preterm baby
B)Alice, a five-year-old
C)Henry, a full-term infant
D)Erica, a 13-year-old
Genetic and hormonal risk factors for depression
A)act independently of pubertal changes for girls, but not for boys.
B)promote enhanced self-regulation in the presence of negative life stressors.
C)seem to sensitize the brain to react more strongly to stressful experiences.
D)are linked to decreased expressions of fear in stressful situations.
By age 9, the sex difference in the growth trend
A)stabilizes.
B)accelerates.
C)reverses.
D)slows.