What term is used to describe the phenomena where black officers must deal with the
expectation that they will give members of their own race a break, while at the same
time they experience overt racism from their police colleagues?
a. The black curtain
b. Double marginality
c. Inherent role conflict
d. Toxic race relations
Decriminalization of marijuana would most likely be advocated by those having a
perspective of equal justice.
a. True
b. False
What US Supreme Court decision set forth the “reasonable officer” standard for police
use of deadly force?
a. Williams v. New York
b. Graham v. Connor
c. Sherman v. California
d. Tennessee v. Garner
John was born into a family that didn’t have very much money, and it seemed that his
parents struggled to put and keep food on the table. As he grew up, he found school
boring despite being smart, so he dropped out. He was always impulsive and finding a
job took too long. John recently found out that he is going to be a father and wants to
provide the best opportunity for his child that he can. To support himself and his unborn
child, he gets involved in selling pain pills and he is arrested in a sting operation.
Most researchers would consider this explanation of John’s behavior part of the _____
theory.
a.trajectory
b.developmental
c.propensity
d.life course
Which of the following is a pretrial procedure?
a. Bail
b. Arraignment
c. Plea negotiation
d. All of these are pretrial procedures
Punishing an offender severely to serve as an example to others achieves the goal of:
a. general deterrence.
b. rehabilitation.
c. specific deterrence.
d. incapacitation.
Roughly how many metropolitan police agencies employ just one sworn officer?
a. 10
b. 100
c. 650
d. 8000
US civil law is primarily concerned with:
a. compensating the injured party for harm.
b. protecting the public against harm.
c. controlling social values and mores.
d. contracting legal obligations between aggrieved individuals.
The US Marshals Service (USMS) is considered a Homeland Security Agency.
a. True
b. False
According to this view, criminal law is a set of rules, codified by state authorities,
which express norms, goals, and values of the vast majority of society.
a.Conflict
b. Consensus
c.Interactionist
d. Moral entrepreneur
Crime is higher today than it was in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
a. True
b. False
Regardless of the size of the policing organization, this person has general
administrative control and sets policy for entire department’s operating branches.
a. Staff lieutenant
b. Detective lieutenant
c. Chief of police
d. Patrol sergeant
Andrew has decided that he is going to rob a bank to pay off his debts after losing his
job. He buys a gun from a kid who lives in an economically depressed section of town
but he doesn”t ask where the gun came from. On the day of the robbery, Andrew
decides that he will shoot at the ceiling inside the bank to get everyone’s attention. But
as he shoots, the bullet ricochets and strikes a bank teller. The teller dies instantly and in
the process of Andrew’s getaway, he drops his gun.
Only the most serious of Andrew’s crimes has been reported to the public using this
reporting mechanism.
a.NIBRS
b.Self-report survey
c.UCR
d.NCVS
Approximately 4 percent of state and federal prison inmates reported experiencing one
or more incidents of sexual victimization by another inmate or correctional staff in the
past 12 months.
a. True
b. False
The Eighth Amendment guarantees a right to bail.
a. True
b. False
There are significantly higher recidivism rates by offenders housed in private prisons
compared to state-run facilities.
a. True
b. False
Self-report studies indicate a significant rise in the number of teens using drugs.
a.True
b.False
Which of the following is not commonly identified as a factor related to police
shootings?
a. Firearms availability in the community
b. Administrative policies
c. Social conflict
d. Poverty levels
According to the ____ theory, collective violence may also be caused by prison
mismanagement, lack of strong security, and inadequate control of prison officials.
a. administrative control
b. administrative balance
c. inmate administrative
d. inmate balance
Research reveals that it is the victim’s race, rather than the offender’s, that structures
sentencing outcomes: minority defendants are sanctioned more severely if their victim
is white than if their victim is a fellow minority group member.
a. True
b. False
Probation rests on the belief that most convicted criminals are neither dangerous nor a
menace to society and can be reformed if given the opportunity.
a. True
b. False
What is the name of the judiciary intranet?
a. FED Net
b. Court Net
c. Court TV
d. J-Net
What was the predominant societal view of female inmates at the turn of the twentieth
century?
a. Depraved people who flaunted conventional rules of female behavior.
b. Hardened criminals similar to their male counterparts.
c. Sinners in need of religion.
d. Witches who should be burned at the stake.
New generation jails are designed to increase and improve security while giving
inmates a sense of privacy.
a. True
b. False
Under the reverse waiver system, a judge can overrule a mandated waiver and decide
that a youth shall be tried in juvenile court.
a. True
b. False
What was the final fate of convicts transported to North America or Australia once their
period of service was completed in the colonies?
a. They were executed.
b. They were granted pardons to gain their freedom.
c. They were returned to Europe to complete a term of imprisonment.
d. They were never released from servitude.
Which of the following is false regarding intermediate sanctions?
a. They help the offender maintain family and community ties.
b. They are more costly than jail or prison sentences.
c. They can be structured to maximize security and maintain public safety.
d. They can be scaled in severity to correspond to the seriousness of the crime.
In the pledge system, people were grouped into families of 10, called _________, and
were entrusted with policing their own minor problems.
a. Shire reeve
b. Tithings
c. Peace makers
d. Watch systems
What type of treatment program flourished under the Bush administration?
a. Behavior modification
b. Milieu therapy
c. Therapeutic community
d. Faith-based rehabilitation
There are often three judicial hearings in the juvenile court process.
a. True
b. False
The “modern” American correctional system has its origins in New York.
a. True
b. False
Which federal agency has reformulated its priorities, making protection from terrorism
the number one goal?
a. Secret Service
b. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
c. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
d. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Cyber vandalism occurs when a perpetrator carefully skims small sums from the
balances of a large number of accounts in order to bypass internal controls and escape
detection
a. True
b. False
One of the goals of fusion centers is to create new exams to screen for qualified police
applicants.
a. True
b. False