142 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Hunger kills millions of people around the globe each year. According to the World Health
Organization, an average of 24,362 people died of hunger or hunger-related causes every day last
year.
47. How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting
materials presented in your textbook?
According to the latest figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, last year fashion designers
earned an average of $73,570, animators earned $72,401, and commercial designers earned
$64,570.
48. Which of the following does your textbook recommend with regard to using statistics in a
speech?
49. How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting
materials presented in your textbook?
The problem of identity theft is alarmingly real. The Bureau of Justice Statistics reports that
there were 16,580,537 victims over the age of 16 last year alone. Of those victims, the BJS says
that 15,323,946 people had someone else use an existing account, and 1,125,117 had new
accounts opened in their names.
50. According to your textbook, when using statistics in a speech, you should usually
51. According to your textbook, a good way to clarify statistical trends is to
52. According to your textbook, how might a speaker clarify the statistics in the following speech
excerpt?
Recent statistics from the FBI show that the number of murders is declining in some major cities.
In Chicago, for example, between 2003 and 2013, the number dropped from 601 to 412. In New
York, the number fell from 597 to 333. And in Los Angeles, it dipped from 515 to 246.
53. Using expert testimony is an excellent way to lend __________ to your speeches.
54. The main value of using expert testimony in a speech is to
55. According to your textbook, if you quoted Dr. Anthony D’Alessandro, a world-renowned
transplant surgeon, on the organ shortage problem, what kind of testimony would you be using?
56. When Julia Wang quoted former U.S. Social Security Commissioner Dorcas Hardy in her speech
on reforming the Social Security system, she was using what your textbook calls __________
testimony.
57. According to your textbook, if you quoted Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon, about e-
commerce, what kind of testimony would you be using?
58. According to your textbook, if you quoted Adrienne Cheatham, a recent finalist on Top Chef, on
the best cooking techniques, what kind of testimony would you be using?
59. According to your textbook, if you quoted Joy Perkins Newman, a National Institutes of Health
researcher, on the causes of adolescent depression, what kind of testimony would you be using?
60. In her speech about spousal abuse, Nilofer said: “According to the director of the local battered–
woman’s shelter, spousal abuse has become a more serious problem in the past ten years than
ever before”
According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Nilofer use?
61. According to your textbook, if you quoted Harvard business professor John B. Matthews on the
strengths and weaknesses of U.S. business schools, you would be using __________ testimony.
62. The opinions of ordinary people who have firsthand experience or insight on a topic are referred
to as __________ testimony.
63. __________ testimony is especially valuable in a speech because it adds the personal insight of
people with firsthand experience on a topic.
64. According to your textbook, if you quoted Nobel Prize–winning physicist Steven Chu about his
experiences growing up in Missouri as a Chinese American, what kind of testimony would you
be using?
65. In her speech about child abuse, Kim included the following statement:
The effects of child abuse last long after the child has grown to adulthood. As one victim of child
abuse stated in a local newspaper article just last week, “I know it sounds crazy, but sometimes I
146 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
still wake up in fear in the middle of the night. Even worse, I find myself raging at my own
children and treating them like my parents treated me.”
According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Kim use?
66. In his speech about natural disasters, Paul included the following statement:
Floods are psychologically as well as physically devastating. As one local flood victim told me,
“It is a helpless feeling to see the water continue to rise—to see it wash away your home, to see
it wash away your life. I just feel like giving up.”
According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Paul use?
67. According to your textbook, if you quoted your cousin about her experience digging for dinosaur
bones last summer, you would be using __________ testimony.
68. According to your textbook, if you quoted Microsoft founder Bill Gates about his personal
experience caring for his aging parents, what kind of testimony would you be using?
69. According to your textbook, if you quoted Kim Joyce, a resident of Staten Island, on the
psychological effects of Hurricane Sandy, you would be using __________ testimony.
70. To paraphrase is to
71. To give the gist of someone’s statement in your own words is to
72. According to your textbook, when presenting testimony in a speech, you should usually
paraphrase the testimony, rather than quote it verbatim, if
73. How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting
materials presented in your textbook?
According to NFL commissioner Robert Goodell, league officials had no knowledge that
concussions posed a danger to their players.
74. How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting
materials presented in your textbook?
According to the American Dairy Producers Association, Americans need to drink more milk to
make sure they are getting enough calcium and vitamin D every day.
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75. How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for supporting
materials presented in your textbook?
According to a study earlier this year by the Meyers Survey Research Company funded by
McDonald’s, there is no clear correlation between obesity and the consumption of fast food.
76. Which of the following would probably be the most reliable source of testimony in a speech
about the impact of automobile exhaust on air pollution?
77. Which of the following would probably be the most reliable source of testimony in a speech
about successful dieting strategies?
78. According to your textbook, when citing Internet documents during a speech, a speaker should
usually identify the
79. According to your textbook, when citing sources during a speech, a speaker should usually
identify the
80. According to your textbook, the exact information you should include in an oral citation during a
speech depends on
81. According to your textbook, when quoting an Internet document during a speech, a speaker
should usually identify the
82. According to your textbook, when quoting an Internet document during a speech, a speaker
should identify the
83. In his speech on depression, Jorge said: “According to materials I located through a Google
search, almost 20 million American adults have a depressive illness serious enough to interfere
with their jobs and their family life.” According to your textbook, did Jorge make any mistakes
in citing his sources?
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Short-Answer Questions
1. According to your textbook, the three basic kinds of supporting materials are _______________ ,
_______________ , and _______________ .
2. According to your textbook, an imaginary story that makes a general point is called a(n)
_______________ example.
3. The _______________ , popularly called the average, is determined by adding up all the items in
a group and dividing by the number of items.
4. The _______________ is the middle figure in a group once the numbers are put in order from
highest to lowest.
5. The number that occurs the most in a group of numbers is the ______________ .
6. According to your textbook, what three questions should you ask when evaluating statistics?
a.
b.
c.
7. If you quoted the head of the United States Centers for Disease Control on chronic fatigue
syndrome, you would be using _______________ testimony.
8. If you quoted Nobel Prize–winning economist Robert Shiller on current financial trends, you
would be using _______________ testimony.
154 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
pollution is one of the most valuable functions of wetlands. Wetlands can recycle amazing
amounts of polluted water.”
Yet despite their many benefits, America’s wetlands are being destroyed by business
interests and urban sprawl. Imagine a canteen full of water. This canteen could provide almost a
week’s worth of refreshment in a hot desert. But what if there was a small hole in the canteen?