436 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
a. setting the agenda of each meeting
37. Jovita is part of a problem-solving group in her speech class. By the third meeting of the group,
Jovita noticed that Dylan seemed unhappy with his role in the group. At the next meeting, Jovita
made sure to respond thoughtfully to each of Dylan’s contributions. By the end of the meeting, it
was clear that Dylan felt better about the way the group was working. According to your
textbook, what kind of leadership need did Jovita’s action fulfill?
a. a task need
38. Waylon could see Lina’s frustration build as Adam continually cut her off midsentence in their
problem-solving group meeting. At the next meeting, Waylon made an effort to seek out Lina’s
opinion and to return the discussion to her if Adam interrupted. According to your textbook,
what kind of leadership need did Waylon’s action fulfill?
d. an interpersonal need
e. a dynamic need
39. Richard could see that Carla was becoming increasingly quiet as Jason found fault with nearly
everything she suggested. At the next meeting, Richard made an effort to ask Carla what she
thought and to point out the value of each of her ideas, which seemed to make Carla more likely
to contribute. According to your textbook, what kind of leadership need did Richard’s action
fulfill?
a. a dynamic need
b. an interpersonal need
40. According to your textbook, which of the following is a responsibility of every member in a
problem-solving small group?
a. Seek to become the group’s designated leader.
CHAPTER 20—SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS 437
41. According to your textbook, which of the following is a responsibility of every member in a
problem-solving small group?
d. Make sure the group takes a formal vote on its major decisions.
e. Keep disagreement in the group at the interpersonal level.
42. Which of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a responsibility of every member in a
small group?
a. Reach solutions swiftly.
43. Which of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a responsibility of every member in a
small group?
a. Develop hidden agendas.
44. According to your textbook, which of the following is a responsibility of every member in a
small group?
a. Avoid disagreement at all costs.
45. As explained in your textbook, which of the following is a responsibility of every member in a
small group?
a. Fulfill individual assignments.
438 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
46. According to your textbook, the most common decision-making process used by problem-
solving small groups is called the
a. issue-resolution approach.
47. According to your textbook, when formulating a question for discussion, a problem-solving
small group should phrase the question
a. to allow for a wide variety of answers.
b. to balance the workload among group members.
48. According to your textbook, when formulating a question for discussion, a problem-solving
small group should phrase the question
a. so the whole group can answer it.
49. In a sense, defining the problem for a problem-solving small-group discussion is like choosing
the __________ for a speech.
d. general purpose
e. main points
50. Which of the following is the first step in the reflective-thinking method for small-group
discussion?
d. Analyze the problem.
e. Elect a leader.
51. Once a problem-solving small group has defined the problem, what is the next step they should
follow in the reflective-thinking method for small-group discussion?
CHAPTER 20—SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS 439
a. Establish criteria for solutions.
52. Once a problem-solving small group has defined the problem and analyzed the problem, what is
the next step they should follow in the reflective-thinking method for small-group discussion?
a. Generate potential solutions.
53. Yung’s problem-solving small group has been asked to find solutions to the vandalism that
occurred during the annual campus Halloween party. Using the reflective-thinking method, the
group has defined the problem and analyzed the problem. What is the next step they should
follow in the reflective-thinking method?
a. Generate potential solutions.
54. Carmen had been appointed to a small task force assigned to suggest ways of dealing with the
recent increase in sexual assaults on campus. Using the reflective-thinking method, the task force
defined the problem and analyzed the problem. According to your textbook, what is the next step
they should follow in the reflective-thinking method?
a. Retrace the decision-making process.
55. Asking all the members of a problem-solving small group to brainstorm lists of solutions and
combining them into a master list that is discussed by the entire group is a good way to
a. ensure that each suggested solution will be politically acceptable.
440 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
56. The ideal in small-group discussion is to reach a __________ decision.
a. compromise
57. As your textbook explains, a decision that is acceptable to all members of a small group is called
a __________ decision.
a. prudent
58. Amy’s group for her speech class was following the reflective-thinking method for problem-
solving small groups. When it came time to choose the best solution, the group decided early on
to take a vote, with the majority winning out, rather than drag out the discussion until the group
could reach a decision that pleased everyone. According to your textbook, was this the best way
for Amy’s group to proceed?
a. Yes. Voting is the recommended procedure for reaching a decision in small groups.
59. According to your textbook, an oral report of a small group’s recommendations should contain
a. an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.
60. If Max is designated to present the findings and recommendations of his small group’s
deliberations to a large group of stockholders, he will most likely need to
e. moderate a symposium.
CHAPTER 20—SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS 441
61. According to your textbook, a(n) __________ is a public presentation in which several people
present prepared speeches on different aspects of the same topic.
a. oral report
62. In a symposium, the participants
a. speak briefly, informally, and impromptu.
63. According to your textbook, a public presentation in which several people present prepared
speeches on different aspects of the same topic is called a(n)
a. panel discussion.
64. Having reached consensus on a policy for increasing child safety in the homes of gun owners,
Stefano’s small group decided to have each member deliver a prepared speech on a different
aspect of the group’s work. According to your textbook, what method of presenting its
recommendations did Stefano’s group use?
a. an open forum
65. A(n) __________ is essentially a conversation in front of an audience.
d. symposium
e. open forum
66. A(n) __________ is composed of participants who talk to one another loudly enough for the
audience to hear.
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a. convocation
67. Sylvia was part of a small group attempting to deal with a wave of thefts in the campus dorms.
Because the group was a problem-solving group, it would be unlikely to present its results in
a. a convocation
Short-Answer Questions
1. A(n) _______________ leader of a small group is appointed or elected when the group is
formed.
2. A group member to whom other members defer because of her or his rank or expertise is known
as a(n) _______________ leader.
3. A(n) _______________ leader is someone who takes on a leadership role through her or his
ability, force of personality, or simply by talking the most during group meetings.
4. The _______________ leadership needs of a problem-solving small group include such
“housekeeping” requirements as deciding when and where the group is to meet, reserving a
room, and taking notes during the meeting.
5. The _______________ leadership needs of a problem-solving small group include actions
necessary to help the group complete its work. Such actions include analyzing the issues facing
the group, keeping the group on track, and formulating criteria for the most effective solution.
CHAPTER 20—SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS 443
6. The _______________ leadership needs of a problem-solving small group include such matters
as how well members get along with one another and whether members feel good about their
roles in the group.
7. When one member of a small group has a personal goal that conflicts with the goals of the group
as a whole, he or she is said to have a(n) _______________ agenda.
8. The first step in the reflective-thinking method for discussion in problem-solving groups is to
_______________ .
9. The best way to define the problem for a small-group discussion is to phrase it as a question of
_______________ .
10. The five major responsibilities of the members of a small group are to
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
11. The five steps in the reflective-thinking method for discussion in problem-solving small groups
are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
444 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
12. A(n) _______________ consists of a moderator and several speakers, each of whom presents a
prepared speech on a different aspect of the same topic. A(n) _______________ also consists of
a moderator and several speakers, but rather than presenting formal prepared speeches, the
speakers essentially carry on a conversation in front of the audience.
Essay Questions
1. Explain each of the following kinds of leaders for small-group discussion:
a. implied leader
2. Explain the following statement: “A small group can function effectively without a specific
leader, but never without leadership.”
3. Explain the differences among procedural needs, task needs, and maintenance needs in a
problem-solving small group. Give an example of each kind of need.
7. Explain the five stages of the reflective-thinking method for discussion in problem-solving small
groups.
8. Explain the following statement: “In some ways, defining the problem for a small-group
discussion is similar to determining the specific purpose for a speech.”
CHAPTER 20—SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS 445
9. Identify the flaw(s) in each of the following questions for a problem-solving small group.
Rewrite each question so as to eliminate the flaw(s).
a. Ineffective Question: Should our state pass a new law to reduce adolescent drinking?
Flaw(s):
More Effective Question:
b. Ineffective Question: What can we do about the poor quality of our campus athletic fields
and the shrinking number of freshman applicants?
Flaw(s):
More Effective Question:
c. Ineffective Question: How can we keep inconsiderate slobs from leaving their trash all
over our city parks?
Flaw(s):
More Effective Question:
10. Identify the flaw(s) in each of the following questions for a problem-solving small group.
Rewrite each question so as to eliminate the flaw(s).
a. Ineffective Question: What should be done to eliminate the incredibly dirty and corrupt
campaign techniques of modern politicians?
Flaw(s):
More Effective Question:
b. Ineffective Question: Should our state pass a new law to combat child abuse?
Flaw(s):
More Effective Question:
c. Ineffective Question: What should our school do to offset the loss of student loan money
from the federal government and to help students find jobs after
they graduate?
446 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Flaw(s):
More Effective Question: