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Reading an actual book is obviously superior to reading on e-readers or tablets. Books have been
around for hundreds of years.
126. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?
We’ve been using pennies for more than 200 years. We can’t get rid of them now!
127. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?
There is no need to change our company’s manufacturing process. Our assembly line has worked
for the past 80 years, and it will work just fine for the next 80 years.
128. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?
There’s nothing wrong with capital punishment. After all, it’s been around for thousands of years.
129. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?
Since the first Tournament of Roses game in 1916, the college bowl system has been a national
institution. Changing it now is unthinkable.
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Short-Answer Questions
1. What modern scholars of persuasion refer to as credibility, Aristotle referred to as
_______________ .
2. According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a
persuasive speaker are _______________ and _______________ .
3. _______________ credibility is the credibility of the speaker before she or he begins to speak.
_______________ credibility is the credibility produced by everything the speaker says and does
4. _______________ was the name used by Aristotle for the logical appeal of a speaker.
5. _______________ was the name used by Aristotle for the emotional appeal of the speaker.
6. When used in a persuasive speech, supporting materials such as examples, statistics, and
testimony are referred to as _______________ .
7. Your textbook presents four tips for using evidence in a persuasive speech. They are:
394 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Representative Tomlin says she’ll work for the middle class if she is elected. But don’t forget
that she was accused of plagiarizing a term paper while she was in law school.
30. _______________ is the fallacy of attacking the person rather than dealing with the real issue in
dispute.
31. The _______________ fallacy is sometimes referred to as a false dilemma.
32. The _______________ fallacy forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more
than two alternatives exist.
33. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of the _______________
fallacy:
Our company has only two options—either to cut employee benefits or to lay off large numbers
of workers.
34. The _______________ fallacy assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that
cannot be prevented.
35. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of the _______________
fallacy:
You will be sorry if you allow employees to take time off to aid sick family members. First, they
will want time off to help spouses and children. Then, they will skip work to help parents and
grandparents. Before you know it, they will be gone for nephews and cousins, and you won’t
have anyone around to do their jobs.
36. The fallacy of _______________ assumes that something old is automatically better than
something new.
37. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of the fallacy of
_______________ :
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I don’t care what you say—we can’t get rid of the penny. America has been using it for more
than 200 years!
38. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of the fallacy of
_______________ :
Our county doesn’t need touch-screen voting machines. If paper ballots were good enough 150
years ago, then they’re fine today.
39. The fallacy of _______________ assumes that something new is automatically better than
something old.
40. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of the fallacy of
_______________ :
We should buy the new toothpaste I saw advertised. Because it’s new, it will definitely be better
than ours.
41. Your textbook discusses three methods of generating emotional appeal in a persuasive speech.
The three methods are:
a.
b.
c.
396 TEST BANK FOR THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
Essay Questions
1. What role does the speaker’s credibility play in the success or failure of a persuasive speech?
2. What are the two factors of speaker credibility discussed in your text? How does each affect the
3. Identify and explain the three types of credibility discussed in your textbook.
4. Explain the following statement: “When you use evidence in a persuasive speech, you should
5. Explain each of the following guidelines for using evidence in a persuasive speech.
6. What is reasoning from specific instances? Illustrate your answer with an example of reasoning
7. What is the difference between reasoning from principle and reasoning from specific instances?
8. What is causal reasoning? Illustrate your answer with an example of causal reasoning. Explain
9. What is analogical reasoning? How do you judge the validity of an analogy?
10. Why is analogical reasoning frequently used when a speaker is dealing with the practicality issue
11. Define and give an example of each of the following fallacies:
