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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. True or false? Metaphors use the word like or as to compare two things.
a.
True
b.
False
2. True or false? The authors of the textbook advise that speakers include brief reminders about important
information related to the delivery of the speech in their speaking outlines.
a.
True
b.
False
3. True or false? Sentence outlines that are written out word for word, exactly the way the speaker plans to give
the speech, do not make good speaking outlines for most speakers.
a.
True
b.
False
4. True or false? Cause–effect pattern is one of the most effective to use when a speaker wants to convince an
audience to engage in some action to solve a problem.
a.
True
b.
False
5. True or false? Allusion refers to the repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of successive
words in a speech.
a.
True
b.
False
6. True or false? Speeches built around narratives usually use elements of other speech organization patterns.
a.
True
b.
False
7. True or false? Most audiences prefer a speaker to keep the organization, including the main points, of their
speech a mystery so that they are not burdened with too many details in the introduction of the speech.
a.
True
b.
False
8. “First,” “additionally,” and “moving on” are all examples of what your textbook authors call:
a.
signposts.
b.
internal previews.
c.
signifiers.
d.
attention grabbers.
9. Rohit is organizing his speech on the process of rebuilding a transmission. What organizational pattern would
best suit his needs for this speech?
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a.
topical
b.
spatial
c.
chronological
d.
cause–effect
10. True or false? “Your body is an engine and water is its oil” is an example of a simile.
a.
True
b.
False
11. What organizational pattern do these main points represent?
Small-breed dogs, like Chihuahuas, make excellent pets for people who do not have a lot of physical space.
Larger-breed dogs, like Labrador retrievers, make excellent pets for people who have plenty of outdoor space.
Other dogs, like greyhounds, offer compassionate people an opportunity to rescue pets that need stability and
TLC.
a.
topical
b.
spatial
c.
chronological
d.
cause–effect
12. True or false? The motivated sequence is based on the psychological elements of advertising.
a.
True
b.
False
13. “Sentences that connect different thoughts, points, and details in a way that allows them to flow naturally
from one to the next” is MOST closely associated with which term?
a.
signposts
b.
previews
c.
subpoints
d.
transitions
14. True or false? A speech organized using a chronological pattern may present the main points of a message
either forward or backward in a systematic, time-related fashion.
a.
True
b.
False
15. Which organizational pattern presents the main points of a speech forward in a systematic, time-related
fashion?
a.
chronological
b.
topical
c.
spatial
d.
cause–effect
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16. True or false? Every speech should have three main points.
a.
True
b.
False
17. True or false? The primacy–recency effect occurs when an audience remembers the middle of the speech
rather than the end of the speech.
a.
True
b.
False
18. True or false? Each main point should focus on two or three different ideas.
a.
True
b.
False
19. Which type of outline do speakers use as a rough draft they revisit and revise continually throughout the
preparation of their speeches?
a.
speaking
b.
preparation
c.
manuscript
d.
essay
20. True or false? Research suggests that audiences usually remember the middle points of a speech better than
the first and last points.
a.
True
b.
False
21. True or false? Effective speeches usually begin with a statement such as, “Hi, my name is Jamal, and I’m
here to talk to you about….”
a.
True
b.
False
22. The central claims that support a speaker’s specific speech purpose and thesis statement are:
a.
key words.
b.
main points.
c.
subpoints.
d.
facts.
23. “We are drowning in high-fructose corn syrup and there is no lifeguard on duty, so it’s time for us to learn to
swim,” is an example of a(n):
a.
allusion.
b.
simile.
c.
metaphor.
d.
repetition.
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24. A speech that is built around a story or series of stories uses which type of pattern?
a.
topical
b.
spatial
c.
narrative
d.
proximal
25. True or false? Including jargon and other technical language that the audience doesn’t understand in a
speech is an effective way of building credibility on the subject and usually inspires an audience to want to
learn more about the subject.
a.
True
b.
False
26. True or false? Cause–effect pattern can be organized around cause-to-effect or effect-to-cause.
a.
True
b.
False
27. Which organizational pattern organizes the main points according to their physical proximity in relation to
one another?
a.
topical
b.
spatial
c.
chronological
d.
proximal
28. True or false? Words like “similarly,” “next,” and “in conclusion” are referred to as transitions.
a.
True
b.
False
29. True or false? Anecdotes can be used effectively at the opening of a speech as long as they are vividly told
and are clearly related to the topic of the speech.
a.
True
b.
False
30. True or false? Repetition of well-crafted sentences or specific terms and phrases can help leave a memorable
impression on the audience.
a.
True
b.
False
31. A comparison between two things that uses the word like or as is referred to as a(n):
a.
allusion.
b.
simile.
c.
metaphor.
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d.
alliteration.
32. Which is one of the steps in the motivated sequence pattern?
a.
attention
b.
problem
c.
alternatives
d.
solution
33. What involves making a vague or indirect reference to people, historical events, or concepts to give deeper
meaning to the message?
a.
simile
b.
metaphor
c.
allusion
d.
alliteration
34. True or false? Speakers should avoid beginning their speech by posing a question because it takes the focus
off the speaker and puts it onto the audience.
a.
True
b.
False
35. True or false? There are different organizational patterns that can be combined to make an effective speech.
a.
True
b.
False
36. In your own words, define a transition and provide an example.
37. There are some essential guidelines for writing a good outline, regardless of whether it is a working or
speaking outline, or whether it is a sentence, phrase, or key-word outline. Describe, in detail, what you
understand those guidelines to be.
38. What are some useful techniques that are used for the introduction of a speech that can also be used for a
conclusion the audience will remember?
39. Describe the test that the authors suggest for ensuring that your main points are on the right track.
40. For which of the three general speech purposes discussed in the text would the problem–solution pattern be
best suited? How did you come to this conclusion?
41. Explain why the language that a speaker uses is critical to their success as a speaker. Based on what you
have learned in this chapter, what advice do you have for how a speaker can use language effectively and avoid
some common pitfalls that can get in the way of the speech’s success?
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42. What is the difference between a simile and metaphor?
43. Compare and contrast the working and speaking outlines. How does the speaker transition from a working
outline to a speaking outline? Among the sentence, phrase, and key word styles of outlines, which ones work
best for working outlines and which ones work best for speaking outlines?
44. Describe four strategies for grabbing an audience’s attention at the beginning of a speech.
45. Besides grabbing attention, what else should a speaker accomplish during the introduction of a speech?
46. Provide an example of a signpost and use one in a sentence.
47. List the five steps in the motivated sequence pattern. For what type of speech would the motivated sequence
pattern be best suited, and why?
48. What is wrong with this excerpt from a phrase outline describing how to make stained glass?
I. Select and cut out design
A. Use the right kind of scissors
II. Trace paper pieces onto glass
A. Use waterproof marker
49. As a speaker, what guidelines should you follow in order to craft an effective introduction and conclusion to
your speech? What should you keep in mind, and what should you avoid?
50. What is an allusion, and why would a speaker use it in a speech?
51. What are the purposes of internal previews and summaries?
52. What distinguishes a simile from a metaphor? Provide an example of each.
53. Describe how transitions, signposts, internal previews, and internal summaries are used in the body of a
speech.
54. Describe the following organizational patterns: chronological pattern, topical pattern, spatial pattern,
problem–solution pattern, cause–effect pattern, and motivated sequence pattern. Pair each organizational pattern
with a type of speech with which the pattern is well suited.
55. What are the three functions of a well-written conclusion? Describe some of the options a speaker has for
accomplishing those functions.
56. Your friend, Joelle, is preparing her speaking outline to deliver her speech for her business communications
class. She is nervous and overwhelmed, and so she comes to you for advice since you have delivered many
excellent speeches. What tips do you give her in order to feel as prepared and confident as she can?
57. What are the three crucial tasks that the introduction of a speech must accomplish? Explain how a speaker
can accomplish those tasks.
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58. What organizational pattern do these main points utilize? How did you reach that conclusion?
Single-family homes offer homeowners privacy and a great investment opportunity but require maintenance
work and are too expensive for some first-time buyers.
Condos and townhomes offer homeowners an affordable, low-maintenance housing option but are less private
and appreciate in value at a slower rate than do single-family homes.
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