98. Which of the following is false in regards to the status of women globally?
a. In general women’s status is lower in low-income countries than in wealthier countries.
b. Poverty is usually experienced more by men than by women.
c. The status of women globally is monitored by the United Nations.
d. Poverty among women has declined in some places around the world.
99. Which of the following is false in regards to Western influence in the Middle East?
a. Cultural influences are not connected in any way with stratification.
b. Western influence is considered degenerate by some traditional leaders.
c. Exposure to Western ways of life is a threat to traditional ways of life.
d. The influence of Western culture has been pervasive.
100. Which of the following is true about the situation in the Middle East and terrorism?
a. Al Qaeda leaders come from the poorer classes which is part of their resentment against the U.S.
b. Prior to the U.S. war on Iraq, Iraq had a thriving middle-class economy.
c. Terrorism is never premeditated.
d. The families of suicide bombers do not benefit from their loved ones‘ deaths.
101. _____ poverty is the situation in which human beings do not have enough money for basic survival.
a. Relative
b. Absolute
c. Irreversible
d. Official
102. The poverty line established by the U.S. government is a measurement of _____ poverty.
a. relative
b. absolute
c. international
d. irreversible
103. According to the United Nations, absolute poverty is defined as a situation in which people live on less than
____ a day.
a. $1
b. $5
c. $10
d. $20
104. According to the United Nations, most of the children under seventeen years of age that are in the labor force
throughout the world are in _____.
a. Africa
b. Asia
c. Latin America
d. North America
105. International data on poverty and hunger indicates that
a. for many it is possible to live a somewhat healthy life, even on just $1 a day.
b. there is not enough food in the world to feed the hungry.
c. surplus food does not get to the truly needy.
d. rapid population growth is the biggest cause of poverty.
106. Newly industrializing countries (NICs),
a. with large populations have not developed much.
b. have shown rapid economic development.
c. are located primarily in Africa.
d. are the result of governmental, not individual, investments.
107. According to the text, increased economic globalization has
a. expanded the system of capitalism.
b. eliminated hunger in third-world countries.
c. decreased poverty throughout the world by redistributing profits of the world system to have-not
countries.
d. created hospitals, roads, and other social services to improve life in underdeveloped countries.
108. How do the textbook authors assess the overall impact of globalization?
a. It has done more harm than good
b. It has done more good than harm
c. It has had both positive and negative impacts
d. The impact of globalization is neutral
109. Per capita GNI is reliable as a measure of wealth only in countries that are based on a cash economy.
a. True
b. False
110. Most of the world’s wealthiest countries are in western Europe.
a. True
b. False
111. The lower-income countries are poor because they lack natural resources.
a. True
b. False
112. The terms core, periphery, and semi-periphery categorize countries according to whether or not they are
aligned with the democratic world, or are unaligned politically.
a. True
b. False
113. The global system of capitalism has served to increase racial inequality between nations.
a. True
b. False
114. By declaring Brazil a racial democracy the Brazilian elite were able to create an egalitarian society free of racism.
a. True
b. False
115. Modernization theory views economic development as dependent on technological change.
a. True
b. False
116. Modernization theory is particularly effective in explaining why countries remain in poverty while other countries
have achieved economic success.
a. True
b. False
117. Colonization worked best for the industrial countries when the colonies were kept underdeveloped.
a. True
b. False
118. Some former colonies, such as Hong Kong and Singapore, have been successful at developing economically.
a. True
b. False
119. Dependency theory recognizes the role that multinational corporations play in keeping dependent nations poor.
a. True
b. False
120.
One flaw of dependency theory is that many of today’s poor countries were never colonies, and some
former colonies have done well.
a. True
b. False
121. Dependency and World Systems theorists agree that there is a single global economic system and analysis should
focus on that, not individual countries.
a. True
b. False
122. The development of the world economic system began in the period following WWII.
a. True
b. False
123. Only peripheral nations are hurt by the world system.
a. True
b. False
124. Low-wage sweat shops may be found virtually everywhere in the world.
a. True
b. False
125. High birthrates and low birthrates can both create problems for a society.
a. True
b. False
126. Sociologists agree that high birthrates and large populations prevent a country from developing economically.
a. True
b. False
127. Global stratification has few long term effects on the environment.
a. True
b. False
128. High fertility rates are related to the degree of women’s empowerment in society.
a. True
b. False
129. The U.S. poverty line established by the federal government is a measure of absolute poverty.
a. True
b. False
130. Hunger and malnutrition are the result of not enough food being produced globally.
a. True
b. False
131. Thailand, Malaysia and South Korea are among the newly industrializing countries.
a. True
b. False
132. Globalization has expanded the system of capitalism.
a. True
b. False
133. Discuss the role of outsourcing in global stratification.
134. Describe the general characteristics that differentiate high-income and low-income nations.
135. Discuss the consequences of stratification for countries as a whole, contrasting conditions in wealthy and
powerful nations with those that are poor and powerless.
136. Explain how core and periphery countries are linked in the world system.
137.
List and define the three types of countries within the world system. Give an example of each.
137. List and define the three types of countries within the world system. Give an example of each.
138. What is meant by the international division of labor? Give an example.
139. Discuss the distinguishing characteristics, as well as the strengths and weaknesses, of the modernization theory of
economic development.
140. Discuss the distinguishing characteristics, as well as the strengths and weaknesses, of the dependency theory of
world stratification.
141. Discuss the distinguishing characteristics of world systems theory, including its strengths and weaknesses.
142. Explain the difference between the concepts of relative poverty, absolute poverty, and extreme poverty.
Provide an example of each.
143. Explain the consequences of global stratification for both wealthy and low-income nations, in terms of population,
health and the environment, or education and literacy.
144. Explain the gender inequality index including what it measures and the types of data it generates.
145. Explain the relationship between education and illiteracy and the status of people in lower-income nations.
146. Discuss the challenges and disadvantages faced by women and children in poor countries.
147. List and briefly explain the various causes of world poverty.
148. Discuss how sociologists define and theorize human trafficking. Discuss the social structure involved.
149. Discuss the key causes of child labor around the world.
150. Assess the impact of globalization. Describe the positive and negative consequences, and explain how might the
negative consequences be alleviated?
151. Discuss the impact of globalization and social change on world development.
152. Discuss the characteristics of hunger for a population.
153. Describe what is meant by “newly industrializing countries” and provide an example.