Hutchison, Dimensions of Human Behavior, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
Chapter 5: Middle Childhood
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following statements is true about middle childhood?
A. Conceptions of middle childhood are biologically constructed.
B. Children in this group are seen as inherently good or evil.
C. Children in this group are often viewed as capable of working and playing an
economic role.
D. Cognitive development is less prominent than physical development.
2. According to the book, ______ plays a pivotal role in reinforcing segregation and
deculturalizing various groups of children.
A. church
B. government
C. school
D. social welfare
3. According to Piaget, children’s reasoning becomes more logical during the ______
phase.
A. concrete operational
B. latency
C. self-reflective perspective taking
D. preconventional and conventional morality
4. According to Erikson, children develop the capacity to cooperate and create during
the ______ phase.
A. concrete operational
B. moral realism and autonomous morality
C. industry versus inferiority
D. preconventional and conventional morality
5. People with ______ are able to motivate themselves, delay gratification, and regulate
their moods.
A. protective factors
B. resilience
C. strengths perspective
D. emotional intelligence
6. As part of their emotional development, children in middle childhood gain the ability to
view tasks incrementally and ______.
A. understand and use the concept of planning
B. form complex sentences
C. empathize with others’ emotions
D. practice mindfulness
7. The most widely recognized developmental task of middle childhood is acquiring
feelings of ______.
A. self-esteem
B. self-worth
C. self-competence
D. self-initiative
Hutchison, Dimensions of Human Behavior, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
8. The ability in middle childhood to see a situation from another person’s point of view
is ______.
A. perspective taking
B. emotional intelligence
C. empathy
D. multiple intelligences
9. The theory of ______ calls for a wide range of instructional strategies to engage
children’s strengths and intelligences.
A. perspective taking
B. varied strengths
C. character education
D. multiple intelligence
10. The ability to engage in sustained, positive, and mutually satisfactory peer
interactions is______.
A. confidence
B. emotional intelligence
C. social competence
D. friendliness
11. Which of the intelligences are included in Gardner’s eight intelligences?
A. linguistic and emotional
B. visual-spatial and mathematical
C. musical and imaginative
D. naturalist and logistical
12. A(n) ______ charts a course for ensuring that each child with a disability achieves
as much as possible in the academic realm.
A. individual education plan (IEP)
B. student educational and occupational plan (SEOP)
C. social competence plan (SCP)
D. character education plan (CEP)
13. Mrs. Hardy has noticed a change in her student, Elle. She’s been missing more
school than usual, and when she is in class, she’s often without a proper coat. Mrs.
Hardy is debating whether to set up a meeting with Elle’s parents. Mrs. Hardy is most
likely concerned that Elle is being ______
A. emotionally mistreated
B. bullied
C. physically abused
D. neglected
14. ______ is a central theme of middle childhood.
A. Identity confusion
B. Seeking a driver’s license
C. Seeking belonging
D. Developing sexual intimacy
15. In terms of play, what kind of play activities increase during middle childhood?
A. parallel play
B. friendly rule–based play
C. disengaged play
D. advanced skilled competitive play
16. Which of the following is true in terms of spiritual development during middle
childhood?
A. There are few benefits of spirituality for children.
B. Spirituality has only been found to be a protective factor for adults.
C. Children in middle childhood do not yet understand spirituality.
D. Spiritual development serves as a protective factor for children.
17. Schools that provide school-linked health and social services are called ______.
A. full-service schools
B. integrated
C. systems management
D. community cooperatives
18. Which of the following statements about character education is true?
A. Character education teaches children how to be good citizens.
B. Children often prefer character education to traditional academic lessons.
Hutchison, Dimensions of Human Behavior, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
C. The renewed interest in character education is related to recent incidences of school
violence and harassment.
D. Schools often eschew character education because it requires them to bring in new
instructors.
19. According to the text, ______ poses the most significant threat to health child
development.
A. English as a second language
B. extreme poverty
C. single parenthood
D. teen pregnancy
20. The tendency to define one’s poverty status in relation to others within one’s social
environment is known as ______.
A. extreme poverty
B. relative poverty
C. socioeconomic status
D. social comparison
21. Josh’s classmates have been sharing photos of him online after he fell asleep in
class and drooled on his desk. They’ve turned the photo into a meme and have shared
it on Instagram and Facebook. This situation could be described as ______.
A. team play
B. direct bullying
C. indirect bullying
D. teasing
22. The zone of proximal development encompasses the theoretical space between a
child’s current developmental level and their ______ level.
A. potential
B. future
C. intended
D. past developmental
23. ______ is a ______ commonly associated with school failure.
A. Neglect; risk factor
B. Bullying; protective factor
C. ADHD; behavioral disorder
D. ADD; developmental disorder
24. A set of symptoms that include feelings of fear and helplessness and can result from
indirect or direct exposure to violence is called ______.
A. phobia
B. depression
C. extreme stress
D. post-traumatic stress disorder
25. Which of the following is a social environmental protective factor?
A. family expectations of prosocial behavior
Hutchison, Dimensions of Human Behavior, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
B. personality factors such as easy temperament
C. stable relationship with parents
D. adequate childcare and housing
True/False
1. Boys are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than girls.
2. Emotional and social intelligence are inextricably linked.
3. School-age children are indirectly influenced by past and present events in their
family’s lives.
4. As children progress through middle childhood, the school becomes a significant
factor in shaping development.
5. In middle childhood, children remain stagnant in their ability to identify and articulate
their own emotions and the emotions of others.
6. A common emotional gain during middle childhood is to have cognitive control of
emotional arousal.
7. In reference to social development, acquisition of feelings of self-competence is the
most recognized developmental task of middle childhood.
8. Friendship in middle childhood becomes more behaviorally based rather than
psychologically based.
Essay
1. Discuss the cognitive changes that take place in development during middle
childhood. Include in your discussion the role of public education in cognitive
development. Cite examples of cognitive development from the case studies of
Anthony, Brianna, or Manuel.
2. Discuss the emotional changes that take place in development during middle
childhood. Include in your discussion the idea of emotional intelligence and the impact
of trauma. What are some positive emotional gains during middle childhood that
increase protective factors and decrease risk? Cite examples of emotional development
from the case studies of Anthony, Brianna, or Manuel.
3. Discuss the social changes that take place in development during middle childhood.
Include in your discussion the important role of peer groups, friendship, team play, and
gender identity in psychosocial growth and development. Cite examples of social
development from the case studies of Anthony, Brianna, or Manuel.
4. Discuss the importance of formal schooling for middle-aged children. How does
schooling impact development? What are the positive and negative impacts for children
from diverse backgrounds? Discuss the importance of the link between home and
school regarding positive and negative school outcomes. Include suggested strategies
for facilitating a supportive relationship between home, community, and school
environments.
5. Discuss spiritual development for children. How is spirituality defined? In what way
does it serve as a protective factor? What is spiritual listening?
Hutchison, Dimensions of Human Behavior, 6e
SAGE Publishing, 2019
6. Discuss cultural identity development. How might this process be different for a child
growing up in the rural South versus an urban Northern industrialized city? Give some
examples.
7. Discuss the effects of poverty and family and community violence in middle
childhood. Include in your discussion the interplay of both risk and protective factors that
may influence the development and the potential outcomes for children.