100. National surveys of the level confidence that people in government find that
a. most people have a great deal of confidence in Congress, but not the Supreme Court.
b. the majority of people have a great deal of confidence in the Supreme Court, but not in Congress.
c. only a small percentage of the national population has much confidence in either Congress or the Supreme
Court.
d. the majority of the population has a lot of confidence in both Congress and the Supreme Court.
101. Hispanics make up 13 percent of the population, but there are only _____Hispanic senators and representatives.
a. 32
b. 54
c. 89
d. 112
102. Approximately _____ percent of the American public say they would vote for a woman for President.
a. 15
b. 21
c. 45
d. 71
103. Military socialization places a high premium on _____.
a. individuality
b. conformity
c. creativity
d. resourcefulness
104. The privatization of the military refers to the fact that
a. it is harder and harder to get into the military.
b. it is extremely difficult to get accurate information about military practices.
c. an increasing number of the military’s functions are being carried out by for-profit, private corporations.
d. an increasingly large number of new recruits are being kept in the lower ranks and not permitted to pursue
promotions.
105. The greatest change in recent years in the military as a social institution is
a. the inclusion of college-level coursework as part of basic training.
b. the increase in the representation of racial minority groups and women in the armed services.
c. the increase in the percentage of volunteer recruits that make the military a career.
d. its termination of the previous strong connection that existed between the military and corporate America.
106. The branch of the military with the highest proportion of female enlisted personnel is _____.
a. the Army
b. the Navy
c. the Marines
d. the Air Force
107. Which of these statements regarding gays and lesbians in the military is false?
a. The policy “Don’t ask;don’t tell“ is effectively keeping gays and lesbians in the military from being
discriminated against.
b. There have long been gays and lesbians in service in the military.
c. Homophobia is very pervasive within military culture.
d. The U.S. military does acknowledge that gays and lesbians have been serving in all branches of the armed
forces.
108. A postindustrial economy is based on workers relocating to certain areas for the production of goods.
a. True
b. False
109. The assembly of goods within the global economy is mostly done by women and children.
a. True
b. False
110. Capitalism and socialism are incompatible within the same society.
a. True
b. False
111. Within communism the state is the sole owner of the production systems.
a. True
b. False
112. The percentage of workers in the manufacturing sector has increased to 25 percent in the last 30 years.
a. True
b. False
113. Emerging sectors of the labor market are creating spatial mismatch, causing a disadvantage for suburban residents.
a. True
b. False
114. Electronic sweatshops are only found in the developing world.
a. True
b. False
115. Mental labor is more highly valued than manual labor.
a. True
b. False
116. Illegal immigrants to the U.S. are likely to have much more education than other workers in their home countries.
a. True
b. False
117. According to the text, the employment of women and other minorities has caused the increased unemployment
among White men.
a. True
b. False
118.
Research indicates that, despite gains, gays and lesbians still fear adverse consequences if they “come out“ at work.
a. True
b. False
119. The only people really affected by the power of the state are criminals and those who work in the criminal justice
system.
a. True
b. False
120. Functionalists view inequality in work as reflecting the devaluation of some workers.
a. True
b. False
121. The government is the only social institution in the state.
a. True
b. False
122. Sociologists focused on wage inequality at work draw on the symbolic interactionist perspective.
a. True
b. False
123. Traditional authority leads inevitably to the formation of bureaucracy.
a. True
b. False
124. The state is able to influence public opinion through its power to regulate the media.
a. True
b. False
125. Traditional authority is derived from the personal appeal of a leader.
a. True
b. False
126. The most common type of authority in the contemporary U.S. is traditional authority.
a. True
b. False
127. From the pluralist perspective, special interest groups are important for making government responsive to the
needs of different groups of people.
a. True
b. False
128. According to the power elite model of state power, members of the upper class must occupy high government
positions in order to exercise their power.
a. True
b. False
129. The U.S. has one of the lower rates of voter turnout compared with other democratic nations.
a. True
b. False
130. In general, the majority of voters are characteristic of the average citizen in terms of age and education.
a. True
b. False
131. Democracy is based on the principle of representing all people.
a. True
b. False
132. Women are more likely to vote than men.
a. True
b. False
133. The largest contributors to political campaigns are major corporations.
a. True
b. False
134. There is widespread popular belief in the U.S. that the political process is democratic.
a. True
b. False
135. In the United States, the military is the nation’s largest single employer.
a. True
b. False
136. The desegregation of the military is often credited with promoting more positive interracial relationships.
a. True
b. False
137. Explain the differences between capitalism and socialism in terms of their basic characteristics.
138. Describe how the economy is becoming global; include a discussion of diversity, deinstitutionalization, and
immigration.
139. Explain the current controversy over immigrant labor within the U.S. What jobs are immigrants most likely to fill,
and what is their educational and economic status?
140. What is emotional labor; how does it compare with mental labor in terms of importance in the U.S.?
141. Describe the unemployment rate in terms of who is included in the statistic, and who is not.
142. Discuss the forms of sexual harassment. In your answer give examples of each type.
143. Compare the three types of authority and provide an example of each.
144. Describe the basic differences in the perspectives of conflict theory, functionalism, and symbolic interactionism as
they apply to work and the economy.
145. List and describe the basic characteristics of the four models of power in society presented in the text.
146. Define nationalism and given examples of possible positive and negative consequences of nationalism.
147. Discuss the pluralist model of power and interest groups; explain the relationship between them.
148. Explain the difference between the state and government, and the relationship between the two.
149. According to C. Wright Mills, who are the power elite in society; how are the different groups interconnected?
150. Discuss how feminists’ theory of the state differs from the pluralist and power elite theories of the state.
151. Discuss the role of PACs in American politics.
152. What is the gender gap; how do voting behavior and political attitudes tend to differ between men and women?
153. Explain how the military serves as a social institution.
154. Discuss the privatization of the military. How does privatization change the military as a social institution?
155. Discuss the situation for women in the military; include the rate of their participation and the branches in which
they are most likely to enlist, as well as the problems that women in the military and their families must contend
with.