61. As a consequence of women’s greater labor force participation:
a. families are taking more time for “quality family time” than ever before.
b. families are experiencing a significant increase in the pace of life.
c. families are finding they do not need men’s income and they have more flexibility.
d. families have become increasingly affluent.
62. Regarding commuter marriages the text notes that:
a. commuter marriages are among the most affluent types of families.
b. transportation costs have resulted in a significant decrease in commuter marriages.
c. many poor and working class couples have commuter marriages that do not fit the common stereotype of
the commuting professional couple.
d. despite the stereotype, this type of marriage is still very rare.
63. Research on children in gay and lesbian households has found that:
a. children of gay and lesbian parents are more likely to be gay or lesbian than the children of heterosexual
parents.
b. children of gay and lesbian parents are far greater psychological problems than the children of heterosexual
parents.
c. there is very little difference in outcomes for the children of gay and lesbians and the children of
heterosexuals.
d. children of gays and lesbians tend to hold very stereotypical ideas about gender norms.
64. Young people establishing relationships today:
a. tend to follow the pre-established norms of dating.
b. have replaced the process of dating with hooking up.
c. have no desire for long-term relationships.
d. get involved sexually without concern about the stigma of a bad reputation.
65. Being single in the U.S. is
a. still a stigmatized status for women in particular.
b. increasingly not due to divorce, but to never having been married.
c. preferable to being married.
d. still rare once a person reaches the age of 30.
66. The boomerang generation refers to people intheir20’s who:
a. return home to live with their parents.
b. enter college for a few years, then drop out, and re-enter.
c. hook up and break up with the same person multiple times.
d. marry and divorce before the age of 25.
67. The sociological view of marriage is that it:
a. is a romantic and loving union of two individuals.
b. involves a complex set of social dynamics.
c. is a private matter separate from other institutions.
d. cannot be studied using sociological methods.
68. Sociological research on the division of labor within married couple households indicates that:
a.
the allocation of housework is greatly influenced by men’s and women’s experiences in their families of origin.
b. Latino men rarely get involved in domestic tasks.
c. young professional couples are the most egalitarian.
d. African American men and White men are equally likely to participate in housework.
69. In the U.S.:
a. the rate of marriage is higher than in western European countries.
b. one out of two marriages ends in divorce.
c. women are more likely to remarry following a divorce than men.
d. the divorce rate has been steadily increasing since the 1950s.
70. Demographic changes have increased the likelihood of divorce in the U.S. The primary example of this is:
a. the aging of the U.S. population, that results in later age at first marriage.
b. longer life expectancy which increases the length of many marriages beyond what they would have been in
the past.
c. the decreasing number of children that forces couples to focus more on each other.
d. the skewed sex ratio that gives women many more choices for potential partners.
71. Mothers in transnational families:
a. in general spend as much time with their children as other mothers.
b. generally are able to take their children with them from place to place.
c. have expanded their definition of motherhood to include breadwinning.
d. earn less than had they stayed in their native countries.
72. Religion is an institutionalized system of _____ by which a group of people interprets and responds to what they
feel is sacred and that provides answers to questions of ultimate meaning.
a. symbols
b. beliefs
c. values
d. all of the above
73. Elements of the everyday world that are not considered sacred are called _____.
a. profane
b. sanctified
c. sacred
d. revered
74. A Zuni fetish, a Christian communion wafer, and Native American sacred land are all examples of _____.
a. sacraments
b. the secular
c. totems
d. deities
75. Moral proscriptions for behavior established by religions:
a. are rarely followed by adherents.
b. are recognized as guides with no consequences for non-compliance.
c. often come to be viewed as right and inviolable.
d. are not typically taken seriously.
76. The term secular means:
a. having to do with ordinary, nonreligious life.
b. being held sacred.
c. being prohibited.
d. having to do with the supernatural.
77. Which of these statements does not describe one of the functions of religion?
a. Religion establishes norms for behavior.
b. Religion establishes moral proscriptions for behavior.
c. Religion serves to preserve diversity and cultural relativism.
d. Religion provides answers to questions of ultimate meaning.
78.
According to the text, what proportion of Americans believe that religion can solve all or most of
society’s problems?
a. One-fifth
b. One-fourth
c. One-half
d. Two-thirds
79. The United States is commonly described as being based on a(n) _____ heritage.
a. non-sectarian
b. manifest destiny
c. Judeo-Christian
d. Anglo-Protestant
80. What is the relationship between Christianity and governance within the U.S.?
a. The U.S. effectively separates all religions from government.
b. In the U.S. Christianity is often treated as if it is the national religion.
c. The U.S. incorporates holidays and rituals of all faiths equally into its public observances.
d. The government of the U.S. prohibits religions other than Christianity.
81. Sociologists sometimes measure the intensity and consistency of a person’s faith. This is termed _____.
a. theism
b. religiosity
c. devotion
d. fundamentalism
82. Church membership and attendance in the U.S.:
a. is higher for men than for women.
b. is higher for younger people than for older people.
c. is higher for women than for men, and for older more than younger people.
d. is fairly uniformly spread throughout the population.
83. In terms of religious identification the U.S., the largest recent increases have been for people who identify as
_____.
a. Catholic and Lutheran
b. evangelical Protestant and Muslim
c. Buddhist and Hindu
d. atheists
84. Which of the following major world religions is polytheistic?
a. Catholicism
b. Protestantism
c. Hinduism
d. Buddhism
85. Christianity would be categorized as a _____ religion.
a. polytheistic
b. patriarchal
c. matriarchal
d. land-based
86. Emile Durkheim argued that religion is:
a. functional for society because it reaffirms the social bonds that people have with each other.
b. a distinct threat to social cohesion.
c. a tool for class oppression.
d. an institution that exists in direct opposition to the other institutions that exist in society.
87. What term did Durkheim give to the body of religious beliefs that give people a sense of belonging?
a. False consciousness
b. Collective consciousness
c. Ritualized consciousness
d. Interactive identity
88. According to Durkheim, _____ in particular are vehicles for the creation, expression, and reinforcement of social
cohesion.
a. rituals
b. mantras
c. totems
d. priests
89. _____ argued that cultural beliefs inspired by religious faith support other institutional systems within society.
a. Auguste Comte
b. Emile Durkheim
c. Max Weber
d. Karl Marx
90. Weber believed that the search for signs of religious salvation supported the development of _____.
a. religion
b. capitalism
c. socialism
d. Protestantism
91. Weber’s analysis of the Protestant ethic demonstrates
a. that religious beliefs are able to shape even secular dimensions of national culture.
b. the matriarchal nature of Protestantism.
c. the weaknesses of Emile Durkheim’s views on the functions of religion.
d. that religion does serve as a type of drug for people who are disadvantaged in life.
92. “Religion is the basis for intergroup conflict.” This statement most closely reflects _____.
a. functionalism
b. conflict theory
c. symbolic interaction theory
d. feminist theory
93. To _____, religion promotes stratification since it generally supports a hierarchy of people on earth and the
subordination of humankind to an imagined divine authority.
a. Auguste Comte
b. Emile Durkheim
c. Karl Marx
d. Max Weber
94. _____ theory sees religion as a socially constructed belief system that emerges in different social conditions.
a. Functionalist
b. Conflict
c. Symbolic interaction
d. Feminist
95. From a _____ perspective, many types of social behavior may be based on the meanings that religion holds for
people.
a. functionalist
b. conflict
c. symbolic interaction
d. feminist
96. Which theoretical perspective best explains the process of religious socialization or how people become
religious?
a. Functionalist
b. Conflict
c. Symbolic interaction
d. Feminist