97. The largest religion in the world (measured in numbers of followers) is _____.
a. Islam
b. Christianity
c. Hinduism
d. Buddhism
98. Research studies about the religiosity of Asian Americans indicate that:
a. religious practice and belief among Asian Americans frequently changes between generations.
b. the youngest generation currently worships more intensely than their parents and grandparents did.
c. assimilation has had little effect on religious beliefs.
d. traditional Hindu and Confucian practices have all but disappeared among Asian Americans.
99. Religious extremism:
a. is not found anywhere except the Middle East.
b. frequently fuels violent behavior, and is fed by religious intolerance.
c. only pertains to Christianity.
d. is an individual phenomenon; it has no connection to social groups.
100. The types of religious organizations that tend to be seen by society as primary and most legitimate are _____.
a. sects
b. churches
c. cults
d. factions
101. Cults form around leaders with great _____, a quality attributed to individuals believed by their followers to have
special powers.
a. humility
b. intelligence
c. charisma
d. compassion
102. Research indicates that faith-based organizations:
a. enhance the participation of traditionally disadvantaged groups in the democratic process.
b. violate the principle of separation of church and state.
c. serve to make government more fundamentalist Christian.
d. have had no significant influence on public life in the U.S.
103. What is the role of religion in the process of social change?
a. Religion may be oppressive, but not liberating.
b. Religion may be liberating, but not oppressive.
c. Religion may have a conservative influence, but may also be liberating.
d. There is no connection between religion and social change.
104. In the U.S., current attitudes toward the role of women in religion:
a. have changed very little over the past 25 years.
b. keep women from attending divinity school.
c. support the ordination of women clergy.
d. favor keeping women out of religious roles.
105. Polyandry refers to the practice of men having multiple wives.
a. True
b. False
106. Having othermothers is an adaptation to the demands of motherhood and work for African American women.
a. True
b. False
107. Industrialization is a major factor in the origin of the nuclear family.
a. True
b. False
108. As women entered the work force in larger numbers the family wage system that paid men assuming they are the
primary breadwinner had disappeared.
a. True
b. False
109. Functionalists and symbolic interactionists tend to be in agreement that the breakdown of the family is responsible
for most of society’s problems.
a. True
b. False
110. Conflict theorists are especially interested in how families are affected by class, race, and gender.
a. True
b. False
111. Historically, the primary source of family disruption was death.
a. True
b. False
112. Compared to 30 years ago, the proportion of married couples has declined as a proportion of all households.
a. True
b. False
113. Virtually all commuter marriages consist of couples who are relatively prosperous professionals.
a. True
b. False
114. Children of gay and lesbian parents tend to have lower educational outcomes than those of heterosexual parents.
a. True
b. False
115. Approximately 40 percent of marriages involve stepchildren.
a. True
b. False
116. Discuss the distinctive characteristics of gay and lesbian households in terms of household roles, the impact of
economic contributions to the household, and the effects on children.
117. Being single is still heavily stigmatized.
a. True
b. False
118. Social class has little effect on egalitarian gender roles.
a. True
b. False
119. Gay and lesbian families are unable to form long term relationships due to the lack of state support for their
relationships.
a. True
b. False
120. In heterosexual marriages, women do far more work in the home than men do, and have much less leisure time.
a. True
b. False
121. Divorce is more difficult for children to adjust to than ongoing conflict within the parents’ marriage.
a. True
b. False
122. The most common perpetrators of elder abuse are men.
a. True
b. False
123. Sociologists define religion as a category of experience separate from the mundane acts of everyday life.
a. True
b. False
124. Among industrialized nations, the U.S. is the country with the most generous maternity and child support
programs.
a. True
b. False
125. Within the U.S., Christianity is often treated as if it were the national religion.
a. True
b. False
126. The form a religion takes reflects other features of the society.
a. True
b. False
127. Karl Marx believed that religion encourages passivity and acceptance of one’s circumstances.
a. True
b. False
128. Religious socialization is always a slow and gradual process of learning religious beliefs and values.
a. True
b. False
129. Religious identification tends to be correlated with one’s social class.
a. True
b. False
130. Cults generally exist outside of the mainstream of society.
a. True
b. False
131. There has been an increasing influence of religion on politics in the United States recently.
a. True
b. False
132. In general, how do sociologists define family?
133. Describe the impact of industrialization on the family and gender roles within the U.S.; note the key differences in
pre-industrial and post-industrial families.
134. Describe the influence of the family wage system on the nuclear family.
135. List and describe the features according to which kinship systems may be categorized.
136. Define serial monogamy; why did this concept emerge to describe marriage in the U.S.?
137. Briefly explain the functionalist view of family.
138. Explain the connection between feminist theory and conflict theory in terms of their views of the family.
139. Outline the debate about children bring raised by gay or lesbian parents.
140. Discuss the main social trends behind aging and the challenges Americans face concerning elderly care. What
groups are most at risk?
141. Today’s family is one of the most rapidly change of all social institutions. Describe several recent changes in the
American family.
142. Explain the difference between Durkheim’s concepts of the sacred and the profane.
143. Discuss how sociologists measure religiosity and its characteristics in the U.S.
144. Define religion and describe each element of the definition
145. Discuss the relationship between religious identification and intolerance.
146. Define monotheism and polytheism; give an example of each.
147. Explain and critique Weber’s theory on capitalism and the Protestant ethic.
148. Identify the functions of religion as identified by Emile Durkheim.
149. How does symbolic interactionism help us understand religion as a social phenomenon? Explain the process of
religious socialization.
150. Explain Marx’s idea of religion as a form of false consciousness.
151. Discuss what Karl Marx meant by false consciousness.
152. Compare a church and a sect. How do they differ by organization?
153. Discuss the changing religious identity of Latinos in the U.S.
154. Discuss the role of religion in promoting and inhibiting social change; give examples.