1. The most visible enemy of African Americans as they entered the twentieth century was:
2. The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision overturned the principle of _____
established in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896.
3. The Jim Crow system ended as it had begun:
4. The civil rights movement is often said to have begun in 1955 in:
5. Rosa Parks, a seamstress and NAACP member, is famous for:
6. The central strategy of the protest movement that eventually defeated the Jim Crow system
was:
7. The goals of the civil rights movement were most compatible with the concept of:
8. The civil rights movement was successful at ending de jure segregation because:
9. The thrust of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was to ban:
10. Which of the following leaders is most closely associated with the black power movement?
11. The black power movement was an important move toward:
12. Theoretically, no person, law, or specific group is responsible for:
13. Fannie Lou Hamer of Mississippi founded the:
14. Unlike the urban uprisings of the 1960s, those following the acquittals of police officers in
the Rodney King case:
15. The future of African Americans is inextricably bound to the fate of:
16. The Nation of Islam and other black power groups attempted to establish:
17. African Americans and other minority groups of color have been adversely affected by the
national loss of jobs in the _______.
18. The concept of the “urban underclass” tends to treat the problems of African Americans as:
19. The culture of poverty theory argues that poverty is perpetuated by which of the following
characteristics?
20. The idea that the poor are poor because they have “bad values” is associated with:
21. Black nationalism is more than simply a reaction to a failed dream. It is:
22. Comparing levels of education, the gap between African Americans and European
Americans has:
23. The unemployment rate for African Americans is about _____ as that for European
Americans.
24. Secondary structural assimilation can be assessed by examining the following structures:
25. _________ is to de facto segregation as _________ is to de jure segregation:
26. Which of the following best exemplifies racial profiling? The police:
27. Up to a third of all young black men are either incarcerated in the corrections system or on
probation or parole. What mostly accounts for this over-representation?
28. The African American middle class is proportionally smaller and lags far behind middle-class
whites in economic resources. These differences are due to:
29. According to this book, what is the most probable effect of past-in-present discrimination
on the economic marginality of the black middle class?
30. According to adherents of the black power movement, which of the following methods is
best for empowering black Americans?
31. Among the following, the highest percentage of poverty can be found among:
32. The Nation of Islam was most closely aligned with which position regarding African
Americans?
33. Which of the following was not a significant purpose served by the creation of black
nationalism?
34. The advocates of black power identified the cause of racial inequality in the United States
as:
35. The civil rights movement was based on a philosophy of:
36. Female-headed households tend to be poor because:
37. There is a huge difference between net worth between blacks and whites, which can be
attributed to:
38. Which group of people did the author of the textbook suggest are more like “invaders”?
39. ____ of black respondents to a survey had a great deal of confidence that local police would
treat blacks and whites equally.
40. What were the findings of Royster’s research on black and white graduates of trade school
in Baltimore?
41. The culture of poverty theory states that poverty:
42. The poverty rate for African American families is ___ times greater than the rate for whites.
43. Which influential African American served as counsel for the NAACP, was integral in attacking Jim
Crow, and was later appointed to the United States Supreme Court?
44. How did Prince Edward County, Virginia respond to the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board
of Education of Topeka?
45. According to the text, what is the solution to African American urban poverty?
46. During the civil rights movement, police often responded to nonviolent sit-ins and protests at prayer
meetings with brutal violence and imprisonment.
47. Which two laws ended Jim Crow segregation?
48. Which element of the civil rights movement’s success was consistent with the Noel hypothesis?
49. Which statement is most accurate about de facto segregation?
50. What impact did the civil rights movement have on African Americans who lived outside the South?
51. Driving while black is an example of
52. According to the Black Power movement, racial separation involves __________, whereas racial
segregation involves__________.
53. The dual justice system in the United States refers to
54. Which statement best summarizes the status of the black middle class since the 1960s?
55. Though Americans traditionally saw race as __________, research suggests that racial identity is
becoming more__________.
56. What was the significant finding of Royster’s 2003 study examining black and white graduates?
57. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was important as a Supreme Court Decision in 1954
because it allowed a few African American children to go to school with white children.
58. A violent direct action campaign was launched in the South to challenge and defeat
segregation.
59. The central tactics of the civil rights movement under Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.
emphasized nonviolent, direct action.
60. The civil rights movement was successful in ending de facto segregation in the United
States.
61. The urban riots that occurred in the 1960s were a result of the success of the civil rights
movement in ending de jure discrimination.
62. The black power movement supported the ideals of Martin Luther King Jr. of integration
and assimilation.
63. The black power movement addressed the massive problems of racial inequality remaining
after the victories of the civil rights movement.
64. The Nation of Islam and other black power groups distinguished between racial separation
and racial segregation, with the former supporting empowerment and the latter supporting
domination.
65. The modern civil rights movement is generally considered as beginning with the legal case
of Plessy v. Ferguson.
66. The black power movement and the Nation of Islam encouraged full participation of black
women as leaders in their movements.
67. The Nation of Islam wanted to develop the black community economically and supply jobs
and capital solely by using their own resources.
68. The culture of poverty theory proves that the problem of urban poverty is due to
female-headed families with “bad” or inappropriate work values.
70. The culture of poverty theory attributes poverty to structural problems in society.
71. Class differentiation within the African American community is greater than ever before.
72. The Moynihan Report, which supported the “culture of poverty” theory, could be
considered by critics as an example of “blaming the victim.”
73. According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, black men have a slightly higher median income
74. A recent study shows that a major factor in the probability of imprisonment for African
American males is growing up in a single-parent home.
75. ADD QUESTION
76. Realtors no longer practice “racial steering” to maintain residential segregation patterns.
77. The Nation of Islam is most closely aligned with a call for blacks to achieve autonomy and
independence, not integration into “the system.”
78. Black nationalism served as a new rallying cry for solidarity and unified action among
African Americans.
79. The percentage of African American students within integrated schools has increased in the
last decade.
80.Malcolm X supported nonviolence in nonviolent situations but saw violence as acceptable in
the case of self-defense.
81. A. Philip Randolph is significant in that he led a movement that forced the first federal
commitment to fair employment rights for black Americans.
82. Interracial marriages are increasing, although they remain a tiny percentage of all
marriages.
84. Unemployment has been at least twice as high for blacks as for whites since the 1940s.
85. The education gap between whites and blacks has generally declined over time, except in
regard to advanced degrees where racial differences remain significant.
86. Poverty affects African Americans at much higher rates than it does white Americans.
87. In the past African Americans outside the South faced more poverty, high unemployment,
and a lower quality of housing and schools than whites.
88. “Relations between dominant and minority groups change as the larger society changes.”
Apply this idea to U.S. black-white relations in the twentieth century. How were African
Americans in the South and North affected by industrialization and automation? Include a
discussion of changing prejudice and discrimination, jobs, and residential patterns.
89. The civil rights movement in the South during the 1920s and 1960s relied on nonviolent,
direct action as a primary strategy. Describe how this strategy worked. Why did this strategy
succeed in the South? Why did it not succeed outside the South?
90. Cite and explain three functions of the black power movement. How did the black power
movement’s analysis of racial inequality in the United States differ from that of the civil rights
movement? Why?
91. Summarize and critique the culture of poverty theory as it has been applied to African
Americans. How is the culture of poverty theory similar to human capital theory? To
“traditional assimilationist” theory? Does the culture of poverty theory provide an adequate
explanation of black urban poverty? Why or why not?
92. Characterize the status of African Americans in terms of acculturation, secondary structural
integration, and primary structural integration.
93. Briefly outline the major arguments regarding reparations for slavery. Compare and
contrast the positions held by Manning Marable and John McWhorter. Based on their ideas,
and evidence from your text, which position do you support the most?
94. Compare and contrast the goals of the civil rights movement with those of the black power
movement. Why did these differences exist? Are these movements still important today?
95. Please discuss in detail the research findings of Rockquemore and Brunsma on college mixed
race students today. Do you agree with the findings? Why or why not?
96. What are some of the changes in interracial contact that have occurred from the past to the
present day based on research reports cited in the textbook? Would you say this is a signal that
significant change has occurred?
97. The textbook indicates that there were several reasons the civil rights movement
succeeded. Please list and discuss these reasons.