Hominins have canines that are:
a. small, blunt, and nonprojecting, with no diastema.
b. large and pointed, with a diastema.
c. projecting, with a diastema.
d. part of a honing complex.
The incidence of diabetes has increased in adults by _________ in the last decade.
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 90%
In your primate anatomy lab you are shown the mandible (lower jawbone) of a species
of primate. While looking at the teeth you notice a large space between the canine and
first premolar. In your lab book you note:
a. that this is likely the lower jaw of a human, due to the potential presence of a
canine-premolar honing complex.
b. that this may be a species of Old World monkey or ape, as the space in the teeth of
the mandible suggests the presence of a canine-premolar honing complex.
c. that this is likely the lower jaw of a human, given the presence of a nonhoning
chewing complex.
d. that this may be a species of Old World monkey or ape, as the space in the teeth
suggests the presence of a nonhoning chewing complex.
Colobine primates:
a. are mostly frugivorous.
b. are usually terrestrial.
c. have specialized digestive anatomy for eating leaves.
d. are referred to as “cheek pouch” monkeys.
Compared to earlier hominids the increased body size in Homo erectus is likely due to:
a. stone-tool use that facilitated root and tuber processing.
b. increased protein in the diet.
c. larger teeth that permitted better food processing.
d. none of the above
You find a fossil that you are sure shows evidence of bipedalism. You know this
because which of the following anatomical traits is present?
a. a narrow pelvis
b. posterior position of the foramen magnum
c. opposable hallux
d. thighbones that angle in toward the knees
Homo erectus fossils date to:
a. 3″1 mya.
b. 2.5 mya”.5 mya.
c. 1.8 mya”300,000 mya.
d. 1.2 mya”800,000mya.
Modern anatomical features of the Nariokotome Boy include:
a. relatively short arms and long legs.
b. brain size within the modern human variation.
c. relatively long arms and short legs.
d. large nose with an improved sense of smell.
The adoption of agriculture resulted in the development and spread of:
a. weight gain.
b. infectious disease.
c. an increase in health generally.
d. both a and c.
While on an archaeological dig in Europe, you find a stone tool that is rounded on one
side and has had flakes removed from the other side, giving it the appearance of a
tortoise shell. This is likely to be:
a. a prepared core typical of prehistoric modern humans that inhabited this region.
b. an example of the Levallois technique of Homo erectus.
c. a completed tool that is similar to those you have seen from the Solutrean toolkit.
d. none of the above
A difference between Miocene apes and modern apes is:
a. the length of the tail.
b. the breadth of the ribcage.
c. the size of the hands.
d. the morphology of the foot.
Stone tools were more common from archaeological sites of:
a. Homo rudolfensis.
b. Paranthropus.
c. Australopithecus.
d. Homo habilis.
Stable isotopic analysis of oxygen from ice cores dating to the Holocene indicates that:
a. the last 50 yBP were the coldest period in the last 700,000 yBP.
b. the last 50 yBP were the warmest period in the last 9,000 yBP.
c. the last 50,000 yBP have been the warmest on record.
d. the last 100,000 yBP have been the warmest on record.
The clinal decrease in type B blood from East Asia to Western Europe is probably the
result of:
a. founder effect.
b. stabilizing selection.
c. mutation.
d. gene flow.
The gene responsible for lactose persistence among adults in Europe is a:
a. structural gene.
b. dominant gene.
c. regulatory gene.
d. Hox gene.
Proteins consist of:
a. genes.
b. RNA plus mRNA.
c. chains of DNA nucleotides.
d. chains of amino acids.
Charles Darwin’s book On the Origin of Species (1859) was considered an important
contribution to modern science because:
a. it coined the concept of evolution.
b. it synthesized information from diverse scientific fields in order to document
evolutionary change.
c. it was immediately and widely accepted by the scientific community as the
mechanism for evolutionary change.
d. it proposed the use of the scientific method for the first time.
Gene flow differs from genetic drift because:
a. it is the random change in the frequency of alleles.
b. it is the random change in a gene or chromosome.
c. it is the guiding force of evolution.
d. it is the spread of new genetic material from one gene pool to another.
Anatomically modern human fossils were discovered in the European Upper Paleolithic
site of:
a. Atapuerca, Spain.
b. Mauer, Germany.
c. Petralona, Greece.
d. Cro-Magnon, France.
Franz Boas:
a. was a strong supporter of the race concept.
b. created racial categories based on living populations in the United States.
c. showed that U.S.-born children had the same head shapes as their immigrant parents.
d. showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant
parents.
Which of the following apes has been proposed as the last common ancestor of living
African apes and humans?
a. Ouranopithecus
b. Sivapithecus
c. Dryopithecus
d. Gigantopithecus
A study of Darwin’s finches after a long period of drought found that all species of finch
on one of the islands had developed wide beaks in order to break open seeds. The type
of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is:
a. directional selection.
b. natural selection.
c. disruptive selection.
d. stabilizing selection.
James Hutton is associated with:
a. adaptation.
b. catastrophism.
c. uniformitarianism.
d. principles of heredity.
Kin selection refers to:
a. nonaltruistic behavior toward other members of the kin group.
b. altruistic behavior that increases the donor’s inclusive fitness and that of the donor’s
relatives.
c. altruistic behavior that promotes kin-like bonding among nonkin.
d. altruistic behavior that increases only the donor’s inclusive fitness.
Strepsirhines have:
a. a wet nose, a snout, downward-facing nostrils, and longer hind limbs than forelimbs.
b. a snout, downward-facing nostrils, and longer forelimbs than hind limbs.
c. a wet nose, a snout, a tooth comb, and a grooming claw.
d. a tooth comb, a grooming claw, and ischial callosities.
The two suborders of primates are:
a. platyrrhine and catarrhine.
b. prosimians and anthropoids.
c. pongidae and hominidae.
d. tarsiers and anthropoids.
In 2004, the Human Genome Project published a human genome map that indicated
that:
a. 100,000 genes are responsible for the human body’s proteins.
b. 50,000 genes are responsible for the human body’s proteins.
c. 20,000″25,000 genes are responsible for the human body’s proteins.
d. 200,000″250,000 genes are responsible for the human body’s proteins.
Which of the evolutionary forces is most likely to decrease variation between
populations?
a. gene flow
b. founder effect
c. mutation
d. natural selection
What makes us human?
a. physiology, culture, and planning
b. biology, culture, and religion
c. physiology, behavior, and religion
d. biology, culture, and behavior
Based on the molecular clock, geneticists believe the split between chimps and
hominins occurred:
a. 10″12 mya.
b. 8″10 mya.
c. 6″8 mya.
d. 4″6 mya.