SOC 98628 | Course Paper

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Diplomacy refers to

a. a title given to senior members of the State Department.

b. a philosophy that sees nations as normally willing to cooperate.

c. formal public meetings held by heads of government.

d. the settling of disputes and conflicts among nations by peaceful methods.

e. the manner in which the armed forces are deployed.

A temporary law that Congress passes when an appropriations bill has not been decided

by the beginning of the fiscal year is a(n)

a. emergency resolution.

b. budget extension.

c. continuing resolution.

d. preview budget.

e. temporary budget.

A referendum takes place when

a. the Congress rejects a law passed by a state legislature.

b. the U.S. Supreme Court rejects a law because it violates the U.S. Constitution.

c. the president refers his or her budget plan to the Congress before the start of a fiscal

year.

d. a state legislature refers an act of legislation to the voters for approval or disapproval.

e. voters choose the candidates who will represent their political party.

With regard to disparities between racial groups, which of the following is/are true?

a. White households have a higher average income than both Hispanic and black

households.

b. White adults are more likely to earn a college degree than black or Hispanic adults.

c. The recent economic crisis had a larger negative effect on black and Hispanic

households than on white households.

d. Black and Hispanic adults are less likely to own a home than white adults.

e. All of the above.

High prices of commodities like oil provide an incentive

a. to produce more of it.

b. for producers to slow production to boost prices higher.

c. to protect the environment.

d. to develop new technology to extract the oil.

e. Options A and D are true.

When only declared party members can vote in a primary election, it is called

a. a closed primary.

b. an open primary.

c. a run-off primary.

d. a blanket primary.

e. a caucus.

All of the following statements about low voter turnout are true except

a. people do not vote because they feel the media is too focused on who is winning,

rather than on policy.

b. it is much more common in most other countries to have low voter turnout than in the

United States.

c. people feel their vote will not impact the election.

d. it results in the election of candidates who have received the votes of a small part of

the voting-age population.

e. negative advertising turns people off to voting.

The role of the media in determining what government ought to do is known as

a. setting the public agenda.

b. the media constituency.

c. priming.

d. framing.

e. None of the above.

The Equal Pay Act of 1963

a. requires employers to provide equal pay for substantially equal work.

b. requires employers to re-grade the pay scales for the comparable but different jobs

held by women and men to make them more equitable.

c. requires that employers promote more women into managerial positions.

d. allows for men to be paid more than women with the same job responsibilities if they

havefamilies.

e. All of the above are true.

The idea that bureaucracies will try to increase their budgets and expand their power is

common in

a. the Weberian view of bureaucracy.

b. the acquisitive view of bureaucracy.

c. the monopolistic view of bureaucracy.

d. the New Deal view of bureaucracy.

e. All of the above.

Generating public pressure and awareness may

a. convince policymakers that public opinion overwhelmingly supports the interest

group’sposition.

b. mislead the public on environmental issues.

c. bypass the legislative process.

d. force bureaucrats to answer to congressional committees.

e. lobby lawmakers directly.

In primary elections

a. candidates appeal to a wide range of opinion to get votes.

b. candidates tend to make moderate stands on issues.

c. partisan campaigning leads to less overall spending on campaigns.

d. candidates try to appeal to the more extreme members of their party.

e. All of the above are true.

The federal income tax is an example of ____________, while the Social Security tax is

an example of ______________.

a. a progressive tax; a regressive tax

b. a regressive tax; a progressive tax

c. a sales tax; a regressive tax

d. a progressive tax; a sales tax

e. a progressive tax; a capital gains tax

One thing holding back political participation by Latinos is that

a. the Civil Rights Act of 1964 only applied to African Americans.

b. many are immigrants and not yet citizens.

c. ballots are only available in English.

d. political parties refuse to address issues important to them.

e. All of the above.

Which of the following is true of political appointees?

a. The president makes political appointments to most of the top jobs in the

federalbureaucracy.

b. Ambassadors to foreign countries are political appointees.

c. Their powers are often exaggerated.

d. Most have little background for their positions and may be mere figureheads

e. All of the above are true.

Environmental groups have found themselves in conflict with other interests over the

issue of

a. protecting the snowy egret.

b. wildlife education.

c. global warming.

d. purchasing threatened lands.

e. protecting whales and dolphins from hunting.

Parts of government that are directly accountable to the president are called

a. line organizations.

b. independent regulatory agencies.

c. Weberian bureaucratic units.

d. monopolistic bureaucratic units.

e. government corporations.

Third parties have influenced American politics by

a. refusing to allow their policies to be adopted by a major party.

b. sometimes determining whether the Republicans or Democrats win an election.

c. focusing their efforts on getting judges appointed to the bench rather than winning

elections for the executive or legislative branches.

d. winning elections to state legislative bodies.

e. gaining control of several municipal governments.

The Supreme Court’s decision in Bowers v. Hardwick, which _______________, was

later overturned in ____________.

a. upheld a Georgia law against homosexual conduct; Lawrence v. Texas

b. upheld a Georgia law against homosexual conduct; Griswold v. Connecticut

c. upheld Georgia’s same-sex marriage ban; Lawrence v. Texas

d. overturned Georgia’s same-sex marriage ban; United States v. Windsor

e. upheld Georgia’s application of a poll tax; action by the Georgia state legislature

A major reason for the two-party system is the electoral system, which is based on

a. the winner-take-all, or plurality, system.

b. proportional representation.

c. one-party dominance of elections.

d. majoritarianism.

e. multi-member constituencies.

The colonists’ fury over taxation led to

a. a boycott of British goods.

b. the formation of the Stamp Act Congress.

c. the closure of Boston Harbor.

d. the Boston Tea Party.

e. All of the above are true.

The U.S. government has managed to maintain some control over the Internet because

a. the Supreme Court hasn’t ruled on cases regarding the Internet.

b. it was the Internet’s original sponsor.

c. it has tended to side with authoritarian countries about the need for net control.

d. the Internet is not seen as part of the free market.

e. None of the above.

The United States has a dual court system, meaning there are

a. civil and criminal courts.

b. misdemeanor and felony courts.

c. state and federal courts.

d. state and local courts.

e. district and territorial courts.

Which of the following is not a function of Congress?

a. spending time serving constituents

b. educating the public through hearings and debates

c. carrying out and executing the laws it has passed

d. representing constituents

e. resolving conflicts between different groups

The power of the Supreme Court to declare actions of the other branches of government

to be unconstitutional is known as

a. judicial review.

b. judicial activism.

c. legislative ratification.

d. the supremacy doctrine.

e. the Madisonian model.

The repeal of “don’t ask, don’t tell” came

a. into full enforcement in 2011.

b. as a result of a U.S. District Court ruling.

c. due to quick action by Congress after the 2008 election.

d. because of a change in public opinion on the issue.

e. Options A and D are true.

Moral idealism is a philosophy that

a. sees nations as normally willing to cooperate and agree on moral standards for

conduct.

b. mandates non-interference with the internal policies of sovereign nations.

c. supports steps to establish a single world government.

d. sees each nation as acting in its own interest regardless of moral considerations.

e. contends that spreading Christianity ought to be a major goal of U.S. foreign policy.

Governments have authority because

a. of special norms.

b. people always obey the law.

c. they control the media.

d. people accept the government’s right to establish rules and laws.

e. Options A and D are true.

The principle that media should present controversial issues in an honest, equitable, and

balanced way was known as

a. the Ideological Balance.

b. the Fairness Doctrine.

c. the Duality Doctrine.

d. the Fair Balance Doctrine.

e. None of the above.

In the history of the United States, no president has ever

a. been impeached and acquitted.

b. died while in office.

c. been impeached and convicted.

d. resigned.

e. been impeached.

Legislators and government officials are often more impressed by contacts from

a. constituents than interest groups.

b. aides to the Supreme Court than the bar association in their district.

c. lobbyists who threaten to take their case to the public than their constituents.

d. reporters who leak classified information to the press than the media in general.

e. representatives from foreign governments than lobbyists from American interests.

African American leader Malcolm X

a. supported the group known as the Underground Railroad.

b. agreed with King’s philosophy of non-violence.

c. believed in “black power” and racial separation.

d. believed in the philosophy of “turn the other cheek.”

e. was one of King’s closest colleagues.

Discuss the conflict between states’ rights and powers to control the institution of

marriage with their constitutional obligations toward the citizens and legal acts of other

states.