Self-conscious emotions
A)involve distinct facial expressions.
B)do not require self-awareness.
C)are universally experienced in response to the same types of situations.
D)require adult instruction in when to feel proud, ashamed, or guilty.
Heterozygous individuals with just one recessive allele __________ to their children.
A)cannot pass that trait
B)can pass that trait
C)will pass the dominant trait
D)will pass the recessive trait
Julianna is obese. She is likely to experience menarche __________ the average girl.
A)earlier than
B)around the same time as
C)slightly later than
D)much later than
Which of the following statements about nocturnal enuresis is true?
A)The condition is usually sporadic and has no hereditary ties.
B)More girls suffer from nocturnal enuresis than boys.
C)Enuresis can be caused by a failure of muscular responses that inhibit urination.
D)Punishing a school-age child for wetting the bed usually decreases the occurrence.
Which of the following is an example of a fine-motor skill?
A)standing
B)throwing
C)sitting up
D)grasping
In Erikson’s theory, the conflict of toddlerhood is resolved favorably when parents
A)provide young children with suitable guidance and reasonable choices.
B)use appropriate and warm toilet-training techniques.
C)employ an authoritarian child-rearing style.
D)employ a permissive child-rearing style.
Seven-year-old Mia is presented with the following set of statements: “If dogs can fly and
Buster is a dog, then Buster can fly.” Mia believes this statement to be false because dogs
do not fly in real life. In this example, Mia is unable to
A)understand the content of the statements.
B)explain why a pattern of observations supports a hypothesis.
C)engage in hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
D)grasp the logical necessity of propositional reasoning.
Ten-year-old Stanley knows that his friend MaryAnn is angry because he played with
Chester at recess. The next day, Stanley invites MaryAnn to play with Chester and him.
Stanley is using
A)emotion-centered coping.
B)problem-centered coping.
C)learned helplessness.
D)emotional self-efficacy.
Which of the following statements about attachment and later development is true?
A)A child whose parental caregiving improves can bounce back from adversity.
B)A child who experiences a secure attachment in infancy maintains that style, regardless
of caregiving.
C)By the end of early childhood, nearly 90 percent of U.S. children are securely attached
to a caregiver.
D)An insecure attachment in infancy almost always leads to severe behavior problems in
childhood.
Which of the following recent theoretical perspectives is concerned with the adaptive, or
survival, value of behavior and its evolutionary history?
A)information processing
B)ethology
C)sociocultural theory
D)ecological systems theory
Dr. Riley wanted to know if adolescent computer use has an immediate effect on sustained
attention. Dr. Riley assigned participants into one of two groups (computer use vs. no
computer use) by flipping a coin. Dr. Riley used
A)matching.
B)random assignment.
C)a correlational design.
D)a field experiment.
Which of the following was a result of recent policy changes by the U.S. Special
Supplemental Nutritional Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)?
A)a lengthening of the duration of breastfeeding
B)a decrease in enrollment in the fully breastfeeding option
C)an increase in enrollment in the formula-only package option
D)a decrease in funding for breastfeeding counseling for new mothers
Which of the following child-rearing styles is linked to higher grades in school among
adolescents varying widely in SES?
A)authoritarian
B)authoritative
C)permissive
D)inconsistent
Longitudinal research on Kohlberg’s stage sequence
A)provides convincing evidence that individuals move through the first four stages in the
predicted order.
B)indicates that moral development and movement through the stages is quite rapid.
C)finds that little progress in made toward moral development until adolescence and early
adulthood.
D)shows that postconventional morality is common in adulthood.