Overweight children
A)are at low risk for emotional problems.
B)are likely to have overweight parents.
C)decide when to eat on the basis of hunger.
D)spend very few hours watching television.
When describing themselves, older school-age children are __________ likely than
younger children to __________.
A)less; include both positive and negative personality traits
B)more; describe themselves in extreme ways
C)less; describe themselves in comparison to peers
D)far less; describe themselves in all-or-none ways
As their grasp of fairness deepens, young people realize that
A) social conventions are not vital for maintaining a just and peaceful society.
B) there is no overlap between moral imperatives and social conventions.
C) many social conventions have moral implications.
D) matters of personal choice do not have an effect on others.
After Dylan is rejected for a date, his father attempts to comfort him. Dylan responds,
“Leave me alone, Dad! You’ll never understand what I’m going through!” This common
adolescent distortion is known as
A)logical necessity.
B)hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
C)the imaginary audience.
D)the personal fable.
Quinn is a capable student who is placed in a low academic track. Research indicates that
Quinn will probably
A)show large performance gains because the subject matter is better geared toward his
academic level.
B)get better quality instruction than his peers in high-ability classrooms.
C)exert less effort than his peers who were placed in higher tracks.
D)maintain his friendships with peers from high- and mixed-ability groups.
During middle childhood, attention becomes
A)less controlled.
B)more rigid.
C)less planful.
D)more selective.
Which of the following statements about intermodal stimulation is true?
A)It is important for the healthy development of human, but not animal, babies.
B)It interferes with infants’ ability to learn the patterns of their native language.
C)It is unrelated to perceptual development.
D)It fosters all aspects of psychological development.
Baby Luigi’s mom shows him his toy turtle, which she has placed behind a pillow. He
reaches for it and finds it several times. Luigi’s mom then shows him his turtle hidden in a
basket. Luigi continues to search for it behind the pillow. This is most likely because Luigi
A)is not yet able to make an accurate A-B search.
B)does not yet appreciate physical causality.
C)has not yet attained even rudimentary object permanence.
D)cannot yet engage in goal-directed behavior.
Which of the following statements about the average newborn infant is true?
A)Girls tend to be slightly heavier than boys.
B)The average newborn is 23 inches long.
C)Boys tend to be slightly longer than girls.
D)The average newborn weighs 6½ pounds.
Adolescents whose parents stress compassion for the less fortunate and engage in
community service are most likely to identify __________ as a cause for unemployment
and poverty.
A)low intelligence
B)lack of job skills
C)the state of the economy
D)personal problems
Which of the following statements about inductive discipline is true?
A)Induction gives children information about how to behave that they can use in future
situations.
B)Induction deemphasizes the impact of the child’s actions on others.
C)Freud endorsed the use of induction after the superego had fully developed.
D)Children who consistently experience induction may form an insecure attachment to
their caregivers.
A major advantage of structured observation is that it
A)is useful for studying behaviors that investigators rarely have an opportunity to see in
everyday life.
B)permits participants to display their thoughts in terms that are as close as possible to the
way they think in everyday life.
C)yields richly detailed narratives that offer valuable insight into the many factors that
affect development.
D)allows researchers to see the behavior of interest as it occurs in natural settings.
For most children,
A)activity in the left hemisphere increases slowly throughout early and middle childhood.
B)activity in the left hemisphere peaks between 1 and 3 years and decreases slowly.
C)the left hemisphere is especially active between 3 and 6 years and then levels off.
D)activity in the right hemisphere increases dramatically between ages 2 and 6.
Studies indicate that children who possess the __________ 5-HTTLPR gene show
increased irritability when their mothers’ anxiety about parenting increases.
A)long
B)short
C)mutated
D)normal