Intelligent design represents a new critique of the theory of evolution through natural
selection.
Neandertal mtDNA exhibits the same degree of variability as does modern human
populations.
Anatomical evidence indicates that Neandertals had the physical ability to produce
language.
Infectious diseases no longer constitute an important aspect of natural selection on
humans.
Bipedalism likely initially developed as a response to the importance of stone tool
manufacture.
Homo habilis and Homo erectus are considered to be a grade of evolution different
from the Australopithecines.
The earliest evidence for writing occurs in Egypt.
Which is TRUE of populations living at high altitude compared to those living at sea
level?
A.The incidence of low birth weight is higher.
B.The incidence of infant mortality is lower.
C.People produce fewer red blood cells.
D.Growth and maturation occur more rapidly.
E.Chest and lung size are reduced.
Lyell is credited with being the first to challenge the notion that a species could change
over time.
Humans differ from other animals in the extent to which they employ symbolic
communication.
Dominant traits are always beneficial.
Seriation dates objects using the principle of superposition.
The Olmec culture represents one of the first possible civilizations in the New World.
All early civilizations share a basic need to manage an increasingly complex society.
Homo habilis contains a mix of both arboreal and bipedal anatomical traits.
Primates are found in the temperate zones of both the New and Old World.
A paleospecies is typically easier to define than a modern species due to the fact that it
is often separated in time from other similar species.
The terms generalized and specialized apply to both organisms and traits.
A polymorphic trait is one with more than one allele at a given locus.
The development of the first civilizations in South America was based primarily on
maritime resources.
DNA is only found in the cell’s nucleus.
Paleopathology studies traces of disease or injury in ancient human skeletal remains.
Which of the following are very large, sexually dimorphic, and live largely solitary
lives?
A.gorilla
B.gibbon
C.macaques
D.orangutan
E.bonobos
Which of the following is NOT an example of a cultural trait exhibited by non-human
primates?
A.chimpanzee dietary preferences
B.washing potatoes in water
C.capuchin tool using
D.orangutan nest building
E.use of leaf sponges by lemurs
Upper Paleolithic rock art is dated as early as:
A.30,000 years ago
B.150,000 years ago
C.12,00 years ago
D.200,000 years ago
E.5,000 years ago
A provisional explanation of a phenomenon is known as a:
A.theory
B.datum
C.hypothesis
D.proposition
E.preliminary observation
Which of the following is responsible for the largest number of adult deaths worldwide?
A.HIV/AIDS
B.malaria
C.tuberculosis (TB)
D.rickets
E.ebola
Which statement concerning the nature of Homo erectus variability best captures our
current understanding?
A.There is clear evidence for several species.
B.There is a great deal of geographic variability.
C.It represents a large degree of intra-species variability.
D.They exhibit a great deal of uniformity.
E.only B and C
Which of the following would NOT be an example of a quantitative measure?
A.hominin cranial capacity
B.number of male baboons in a troop
C.length of an arrowhead
D.All of the above are quantitative measures.
E.only B and C
What impact did the repositioning of landmasses during the Miocene have on climate?
A.They stimulated an ice age.
B.They resulted in warmer conditions.
C.Most tropical areas experienced a significant drought.
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
The presence of morphological variability in skeletons from Asia and the Americas
indicates that:
A.there were likely multiple migrations to the New World
B.humans evolved independently in the Americas
C.there was significant genetic drift among New World populations
D.non-Asian populations are likely responsible for the earliest settlement
E.the Bering Land Bridge was not a route for the entrance of humans to the New World
What features represent primary differences between the civilizations of Egypt and
Mesopotamia?
A.the presence of a TRUE nation state
B.the degree of urbanization
C.the presence of writing systems
D.all of the above
E.only A and B
In Africa, Homo heidelbergensis fossils have been dated as early as:
A.1 million y.a.
B.800,000 y.a.
C.600,000 y.a.
D.125,000 y.a.
E.80,000 y.a.
The study of past societies through material remains prior to the development of writing
is known as:
A.prehistoric archaeology
B.historical archaeology
C.paleontology
D.paleoanthropology
E.anthropological archaeology
Which of the following is NOT an example of a relative dating technique?
A.biostratigraphy
B.cross-dating
C.seriation
D.paleomagnetism
E.stratigraphy
Which of the following Mesoamerican cities was the Aztec capital?
A.Teotihuacn
B.Tula
C.Tenochtitln
D.Monte Alban
E.Chichn Itz
Which of the following terms best defines an ecofact?
A.any non-portable evidence of human behavior
B.any portable evidence of human behavior
C.any location with evidence of human occupation
D.any evidence of past environments
E.the ecological niche of a hominin species
A lower incidence of lactose intolerance in some human populations can be tied to:
A.a cultural environment with a strong emphasis on pastoralism
B.a genetic point mutation that prevents some humans from producing lactase
C.a recent history of consumption of fresh milk
D.all of the above
E.only A and C
Which of the following is an important element of primatological studies?
A.understanding reproductive patterns
B.providing knowledge for preserving endangered primates
C.the study of communication
D.understand natural forces that have shaped human evolution
E.all of these
How do the European Homo heidelbergensis fossils compare in morphology to those
from Africa?
A.They have retained a greater number of primitive Homo erectus features.
B.They show the development of a larger number of different derived traits.
C.They show the same pattern of derived and retained traits.
D.They have markedly larger cranial capacities.
E.They more closely resemble Asian, rather than African forms of Homo
heidelbergensis.
The most recent Neandertal sites date to how many years ago?
A.100,000
B.65,000
C.30,000
D.10,000
E.250,000
Which genus of early hominins represents the earliest indisputable evidence for early
hominins?
A.Ardipithecus
B.Orrorin
C.Sahelanthropus
D.Griopithecus
E.Australopithecus
The term ‘hominin’ refers to:
A.all great apes
B.only pre-human fossil bipeds
C.all bipedal apes
D.all of these
E.none of these
Which of the following traits mark the prosimians as the most primitive of the
primates?
A.dental comb
B.the presence of a rhinarium
C.eyes oriented toward the side of the face
D.all of the above
E.only A and C
The process of classification is defined by which of the following traits?
A.organizes and simplifies biological diversity
B.hierarchical arrangement of categories
C.describes evolutionary relationships between species
D.all of the above
E.only B and C
A Mendelian trait would have how many loci?
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
E.any possible number of loci
If you were digging a hominin site that contains geological layers that resulted from
volcanic activity, what dating technique would you most likely use?
A.radiocarbon
B.thermoluminescence
C.potassium-argon
D.biostratigraphy
E.uranium series
The ziggurat, is typically associated with which ancient civilization?
A.Sumerian
B.Egyptian
C.Qin dynasty
D.Indus Valley
E.Mayan
The eugenics movement:
A.had considerable support both in Europe and the United States
B.sought to rid society of those deemed unfit through mandatory sterilization programs
C.proposed governmental policies to regulate marriage and family size
D.all of these
E.A and C only
Which of the following explain why infectious diseases were less common among
hunter-gatherers?
A.group mobility
B.low population density
C.lack of domestic animals
D.small population size
E.all of these
Chromosomes are:
A.visible only during certain stages of cell division
B.contain DNA
C.do not contain protein
D.all of the above
E.only A and B
Which of the following topics is likely to be addressed by a linguistic anthropologist?
A.language origins
B.classification of language families
C.how language use shapes perception
D.language acquisition
E.all of these