Neandertal fossil remains have been found to reach as far back as ________ years ago.
a. 100,000
b. 500,000
c. 65,000
d. 10,000
e. 130,000
Structural similarities shared by a wide array of distantly related species that are
inherited from a remote ancestor, such as the number of bones in the forelimb, are
termed
a. specialized
b. ancestral (primitive)
c. adaptive radiations
d. analogies
e. derived (modified)
Modern day Iraq is better known to archaeologists studying Old World civilizations as a
part of the region of
a. India
b. China
c. Mesopotamia
d. Europe
e. Egypt
The Homo erectus site in Europe that has given paleoanthropologists a unique look at
the first possible Homo erectus travelers from East Africa to Southeast Asia is
a. Zhoukoudian
b. Lantian
c. Ceprano
d. Nariokotome
e. Dmanisi
Grouping contemporaneous species into genera
a. is never a subjective process
b. can be facilitated by identifying which species can interbreed and produce live,
though not necessarily fertile, hybrid offspring
c. is always easy and accurate
d. is problematic and therefore not a common practice of physical anthropologists
e. requires similarities between species in one genus and species of another genus.
________ is the subdiscipline of osteology that is concerned with disease and trauma in
earlier populations.
a. Forensic anthropology
b. Primatology
c. Anthropometry
d. Paleoanthropology
e. Paleopathology
The study of the human past, primarily through material remains, is known as:
a. paleoanthropology
b. archaeology
c. ethnographic
d. cultural anthropology
e. physical anthropology
Archaeological sites in Australia have been dated to __________ years ago.
a. 25,000
b. 30,000
c. 75,000
d. 55,000
e. 100,000
In grouping organisms together in a cladistic classification, the most important
characteristics are those that are
a. ancestral
b. shared derived (modified)
c. shared primitive
d. analogous
e. homologous
Domestication is defined as:
a. the propagation and exploitation of plants and animals by humans
b. the process of teaching animals to be tame
c. the presence of genetic changes that render plants and animals dependent on humans
d. the intensive use of plants and animals by humans
e. the process of intentionally growing plants
Chimpanzee caregiving behaviors are evidenced in
a. subjecting victims during attack
b. helping younger siblings
c. leaving the ill or dying to be alone
d. leave orphans, ensuring that they do not become burdens to the group
e. the lack of altruism
Mountain gorilla social groups are usually composed of
a. one adult silverback male and one adult female, plus their immature offspring
b. solitary individuals, except for females with dependent young
c. one or two adult silverback males, a few adult females and their immature offspring
d. several adults of both sexes and offspring of all ages
e. several adult males plus only one female and her offspring
Thermoluminescence dates
a. Water-logged artifacts
b. bone
c. wood
d. burned flint tools
e. thatch
Paleo-Indian subsistence is best defined as
a. variable based on local environmental conditions
b. based mostly on marine resources
c. a uniform pattern of specialized megafauna exploitation
d. primarily associated with gathering nut and seed crops
e. focused almost exclusively on mammoths and mastodons
There is some evidence to suggest that Neandertals accomplished all of the following
except
a. experienced injuries while hunting
b. had language capabilities equivalent to modern humans
c. buried their dead
d. were capable of symbolic behavior
e. adapted to a cold environment
In what way did the climate changes at the end of the Pleistocene NOT affect
technology?
a. boats became more common
b. implements for working wood became more prevalent
c. wood became increasingly important as a raw material
d. wooden dugout canoes were replaced by foot travel
E. skin-covered boats aided in navigating streams and large bodies of water
Many of the practices of Neolithic farmers encouraged the growth of weeds.
a. True
b. False
The dry land connection between Asia and America is associated with which proposed
models for the entrance of people to the New World?
a. North Atlantic Ice-Edge Corridor
b. Pacific Coastal Route
c. Bering Land Bridge
d. Alaska Connector
e. Siberian Transit Corridor
The estimated average cranial capacity for Homo habilis is
a. 442 cm3
b. 631 cm3
c. 520 cm3
d. 350 cm3
e. 775 cm3
Traditionally, Old World monkeys are separated from apes and humans at the level of
the
a. infraorder
b. genus
c. superfamily
d. family
e. suborder
In order for a mutation to be passed on to offspring, the mutation must
a. occur in a gamete
b. be beneficial
c. occur in a somatic cell
d. result in additional chromosomes
e. have negative evolutionary consequences
Thomas Malthus did not
a. propose that population size is kept in check by the availability of resources
b. writeAn Essay on the Principle of Population
c. influence the development of Darwin’s and Wallace’s theories of natural selection
d. enter the discussion of evolution as an economist
e. argue against limits to human population growth.
What is the term for the theory stating that characteristics acquired during the lifetime
of an individual could be passed on to that individual’s offspring?
a. natural selection
b. catastrophism
c. use-disuse theory
d. uniformitarianism
e. fixity of species
Which of the following is best describes the current position on the role of humans in
megafaunal extinctions?
a. Humans likely played only a small role in this event.
b. Humans and disease played an equal role in this event.
c. Human overhunting was the primary cause.
d. They were likely the result of an extreme period of cold at the end of the Ice Age.
e. Paleo-Indian groups hunted and collected one species of animals, leading to the
extinction.
Lactose intolerance can be characterized by all of the following except
a. results from the lack of lactase
b. has a genetic basis
c. is a good example of biocultural evolution
d. can be influenced by the environment
e. does not involve a person’s ability to digest milk
What is the dating method that uses the principle that undisturbed underlying geologic
deposits are older than overlying geologic deposits?
a. stratigraphic dating
b. paleomagnetism
c. carbon-14 dating
d. K/Ar dating
e. fluorine analysis
The evidence of deliberate burial of the dead by Neandertal is found at all the following
except
a. Sima de los Huesos
b. Tabun
c. Kabwe
d. La Chapelle
e. Kebara
Charles Darwin
a. grew up in modest circumstances
b. began to doubt the fixity of species during a voyage around the world in the 1830s
c. received no formal education
d. spent two years in Africa where he developed the theory of natural selection
e. was a physician who studied natural history as a hobby
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is extremely useful for studying genetic change over
time.
The earliest Americans are known to have arrived in the Americas no later than:
a. 45,000 ya.
b. 30,000 ya.
c. 20,000 ya.
d. 13,000 ya.
e. 8,000 ya.
Draw your own phylogeny of the hominins discussed in Chapter 8. Explain the logic
behind your phylogeny.
Answer:Will vary
Contrast autonomic responses and behaviors with intentional behaviors that serve as
communication.
Answer:Will vary
What features define a cultural theory of domestication? Provide an example to
illustrate your answer.
Answer:Will vary
What are the influences of long-term continental drift on the evolution of terrestrial life
forms?
Answer:Will vary
Compare and contrast New and Old World Civilizations in terms of the lifeways of the
residents. What are the major similarities, and what are some of the substantial
differences?
Answer:Will vary
Contrast ancestral traits with derived traits.
Answer:Will vary
What archaeological evidence supports domestication and agriculture?
Answer:Will vary
Describe the remains found in African sites that indicate accomplishments in Upper
Paleolithic art and technology.
Answer:Will vary
Explain the geological time scale and the various emergence of life forms during the
three main eras.
Answer:Will vary