Victim surveys are used to collect data from criminals and victims of crime.
a. True
b. False
Case 7-2
Barney was sentenced to a term of life in prison after he was found guilty of an armed
home invasion robbery. There are many issues that occurred during his trial that he
wants to appeal. First, he was a juvenile when arrested and charged for the home
invasion robbery. The juvenile judge dismissed the charges against Barney because the
victim stated that Barney was not the offender. The prosecutors decided to file Barney’s
case in the adult criminal court system. This clearly is a violation of the protection
against double jeopardy. Also, Barney was not given an attorney until he was charged as
an adult.
For Barney’s case to actually be heard by the entire U.S. Supreme Court, how many
justices must approve of the
decision to hear his case?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. 8
Case 5-2
Officer Torres is new to the police force. She was the top of her class in the police
academy and received positive feedback from her field training officer. She has been on
the job for approximately 1 year and has soon realized that working as a police officer
is very different from what they learned in the police academy.
Officer Torres is having a difficult time because many of her fellow officers are trying
to “teach” her the way to
think, perceive, and act. This is known as:
a. proactive policing.
b. reactive policing.
c. police subculture.
d. police use of force.
The Patriot Act gives intelligence agents more leeway when conducting surveillance.
a.True
b.False
Shaw and McKay studied highcrime neighborhoods and discovered that these “zones”
were characterized by
or a breakdown in schools, families, and community groups.
a. chaos
b. conflict
c. disorganization
d. disruption
Those convicted of minor crimes with relatively short sentences, as well as those
awaiting trial or transfer, are held in:
a. jails.
b. parole agencies.
c. prisons.
d. probation offices.
Reasonable grounds to believe the existence of facts warranting certain actions, such as
the search or arrest of a person, is:
a. reasonable suspicion.
b. probable cause.
c. search cause.
d. clear and convincing evidence.
Alternative sanctions combine probation with other dispositions such as electronic
monitoring, house arrest, boot camps, and shock incarceration.
a. True
b. False
The consensus model assumes that as people gather together to form a society, its
members naturally come to a basic agreement with regard to shared norms and values.
a. True
b. False
In what state was the first penitentiary opened?
a. Washington, DC
b. Illinois
c. New York
d. Pennsylvania
Case 5-1
Officer Richards was driving his beat when he saw a man running down the street at the
same time that he received a radio dispatch that a convenience store was robbed and the
cashier shot. Officer Richard jumps out of his car and chases the man down. He arrested
the man because he believed this was the man that just committed an armed robbery at
the local convenience store. In the robbery, the cashier was shot three times. There were
also bullet holes in the wall. When arresting the suspect, Officer Richards did not find a
gun on the suspect’s person.
When crime scene investigators respond to the convenience store, what trace evidence
will they immediately protect from contamination?
a. blood
b. fingerprints
c. hair
d. all of these
Placing undercover agents in a position to gain information from hostile foreign
intelligence services is a form of:
a. electronic surveillance.
b. human-source collection.
c. open-source collection.
d. counterintelligence.
Police officers spend about half of their time enforcing the law or dealing with crime.
a. True
b. False
The Fourth Amendment protects against:
a. double jeopardy.
b. unreasonable search and seizure.
c. cruel and unusual punishment.
d. self-incrimination.
Which amendment states that inmates do not have the same guaranteed rights as other
Americans?
a. Fourth
b. Fifth
c. Eighth
d. Thirteenth
Relative deprivation is a theory that inmate aggression is the result of the frustration
inmates feel at being deprived of freedom, consumer goods, sex, and other staples of
life outside the institution.
a. True
b. False
is a phrase used to describe the actual amount of crime that takes place.
a. “Hidden figure of crime”
b. “Dark prediction of crime”
c. “Dark figure of crime”
d. “Hidden prediction of crime”
Evidence witnessed by the person giving the testimony is:
a. real evidence.
b. circumstantial evidence.
c. hearsay.
d. direct evidence.
Most criminal cases involve a request for monetary damages in recognition that a
wrong has been committed.
a. True
b. False
A client is protected by attorney-client privilege if the client reveals a past crime.
a. True
b. False
The management structures of both police agencies and correctional facilities are
similar in that both have:
a. a chain of command.
b. continuity of purpose.
c. a decentralized leadership structure.
d. a military structure.
Texas laws, such as making the theft of cattle a felony, are examples of:
a. constitutional law.
b. statutory law.
c. administrative law.
d. case law.
Offenders who successfully complete pretrial diversion have the charges pending
against them dropped.
a. True
b. False
Jane and her family moved to a new apartment in a high-crime neighborhood. The
community has higher high school drop-out rates, vast unemployment, and many
single-parent families. Jane starts committing even more crime. What theory would best
explain Jane’s criminal behavior?
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. learning theory
d. control theory
A law enforcement officer needs reasonable suspicion or probable cause that a crime
has taken place when using
the “knock and talk” strategy.
a. True
b. False
Restorative justice almost always involves property crime, public order crime, and,
particularly, offenses committed by juveniles.
a. True
b. False
UCR Part I offenses include attempted as well as completed crimes.
a. True
b. False
Many experts believe that the events from September 11, 2001, effectively ended the:
a. political era of policing.
b. community era of policing.
c. reform era of policing.
d. era of random policing.
The “broken windows theory” proposes that cracking down on violent crime will allow
police to reclaim
neighborhoods.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is NOT considered a status offense?
a. running away from home
b. truancy
c. smoking cigarettes
d. drinking and driving
Counterintelligence involves placing undercover agents in a position to gain
information from hostile foreign intelligence services.
a.True
b.False
Which of the following is NOT a reason why state police or highway patrols were
created?
a. To assist local police agencies, which often did not have adequate resources or
training to handle their law enforcement tasks.
b. To investigate criminal activities that crossed jurisdictional boundaries.
c. To provide law enforcement in rural and other areas that did not have local or county
police agencies.
d. To patrol the highways more often because more people had cars.
Case 4-1
Sara is 18 and she just graduated from high school. She is thinking about her future and
is deciding to either apply to her local college to study sociology or to apply to the local
police department to start working as a police officer.
Sara calls the police department and inquires about working for the police department.
The recruiter continues to explain the process of getting hired by the police department.
He explains that if selected she will have to go to the police academy. Sara asks the
recruiter what she will do in the police academy. What would Sara not be expected to
do in the police academy?
a. learn about laws
b. learn how to use a weapon
c. learn how to analyze DNA and fingerprints
d. learn first aid
List the four types of discretionary decisions made by judges. How does discretion
impact fairness and justice?
has been seen as the most humane goal of punishment.
All law can be divided into two categories: civil law and .
Many communities rely on an external procedure for handling citizen complaints,
which is known as
___________________________.
The modern role of the public defender was established by the Supreme Court’s
interpretation of the Sixth
Amendment in the case of __________________________________.
Once it has reached a decision, the jury issues a .
The misuse of authority by a law enforcement officer is .
Explain the four elements that are part of bullying.
Discuss the concept of prisonization and how inmates adapt to prison society.
In , judges attempt to address problems such as drug addiction, mental illness, and
homelessness that often lead to the eventual rearrest of the defendant.
Explain the patronage system and discuss how it impacted policing?
What are the requirements to become a correctional officer?
List the three concepts that parole is based on.
A jail encourages interaction between inmates and jailers and offers greater
opportunities for treatment.
Identify and briefly discuss the single most important Supreme Court case with respect
to juvenile justice.
Discuss the factors that determine a sentence.
Analyze the importance of private security today and the reasons for the growth.