Studies have shown that older adults are more susceptible to false information.
Neuroimaging techniques reveal this may be related to damage or age-related changes
in
a. short-term memory.
b. negativity bias.
c. the prefrontal cortex.
d. the hippocampus.
What is the relationship between job satisfaction and increasing age?
a. There is an overall decline.
b. There is an overall increase.
c. There is no change.
d. There is a U-shaped pattern.
Men are victims of violence from intimate partners, but at a rate about_______that of
women.
a. one-tenth
b. one-fifth
c. one-third
d. one-half
Neuroimaging has allowed us to
a. determine what a healthy brain looks like.
b. see exactly how the brain changes over time.
c. determine which brain changes are normative and which are not.
d. understand that neuroimaging must be used carefully and ethically as we are still
figuring out (a) what is normal and what is not and (b) what a “healthy” brain looks
like.
In this type of sequential design, cohort and time-of-measurement effects are examined.
a. cross-sequential
b. time-sequential
c. time-lag sequential
d. longitudinal-sequential
Which country was the first to have an official policy legalizing physician-assisted
suicide?
a. the United States
b. Canada
c. Columbia
d. the Netherlands
Research on muscle development has shown that
a. by age 70, loss of muscle strength is reduced by 40%.
b. men lose much more strength in old age than women do.
c. loss of strength is more severe in the arms and hands than in the legs.
d. some people retain their strength well into old age.
As a result of their growing realization of their own mortality, midlife adults shift from
thinking about how long they have already lived to
a. making the best of the time they have left.
b. regretting the things they have not accomplished.
c. thinking about how long they have yet to live.
d. obtaining health insurance for their survivors.
_______occurs when blood supply to the heart is severely restricted or cut off.
a. Myocardial infarction
b. Cerebrovascular accident
c. Atherosclerosis
d. Angina pectoris
Which well-designed unit cares for people with dementia and provides a supportive and
therapeutic set of programs that help the person function at the highest level possible?
a. special care
b. nursing home
c. congruence
d. traditional
To explore brain-related factors that might explain age differences in cognitive
functioning, a researcher may use a(n) ___________to examine how changes in brain
activity occur in correspondence with changes in task demands.
a. EEG
b. MRI
c. fMRI
d. eMRI
Women often encounter a_________in which their leadership positions are precarious.
a. glass floor
b. glass wall
c. glass ceiling
d. glass cliff
Arthritis is an example of a(n)
a. chronic disease.
b. acute disease.
c. lymphoma.
d. simple disease.
A high degree of in communication with oneself and one’s family is essential when
deciding the best
place for an older adult to live.
a. understanding
b. trust
c. funds
d. honesty
Mary is dying from ovarian cancer. She and her family are deciding on her care options
and deciding what will become of her house. These are examples of
a. living wills.
b. death anxiety.
c. end-of-life issues.
d. the dying process.
A reasonable length of recovery from a death of a family member is minimally
a. 6 months.
b. 1 year.
c. 3 years.
d. 5 years.
Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) proposes that career choice is a result of the
application of
________social cognitive theory, particularly the concept of self-efficacy.
a. Piaget’s
b. Holland’s
c. Bandura’s
d. Vygotsky’s
Research regarding generativity concludes that the personal concerns of
a. men are fundamentally different from those of women.
b. older adults are not fundamentally different from those of younger adults.
c. older adults are identical to those of middle-aged adults.
d. middle-aged adults are fundamentally different from those of younger adults.
________ are not typically observed in the human brain until very old age.
a. Neurofibrillary tangles
b. Neuritic plaques
c. Synaptic nodes
d. Granulovacuolar bodies
Which of the following tests would not measure crystallized intelligence?
a. vocabulary
b. intentional learning
c. comprehension
d. inductive reasoning
Many older adults compensate in their environments in order to effectively cope. Or,
they select a different place to live. This description fits with the
a. proactive versus docility theory.
b. congruence-environment model.
c. independent versus dependent living model.
d. competence-environment press model.
________represent(s) the largest generation ever to reach adulthood.
a. Generation X
b. The Millenials
c. The baby boomers
d. none of the above
_________ is an important factor in understanding how older adults process and access
social information.
a. Processing resources
b. Memory
c. General intelligence
d. Social belief
Menopause is an example of which force of development?
a. life-cycle forces
b. psychological forces
c. biological forces
d. histological forces
The concept of________has been used to explain why African American and Asian
American men do not advance as much in their careers as European men.
a. alienation
b. sex discrimination
c. the glass ceiling
d. the glass cliff
Which of the following is an external memory aid?
a. imagery
b. rehearsal
c. memory drugs
d. a shopping list
The term used to refer to a group of people who experience the same event or were born
during the same time period is
a. age effect.
b. time-of-measurement effect.
c. practice effect.
d. cohort effect.
The career development center at a local university wants to know what will happen to
the 2010, 2015, and 2020 classes of gerontology graduates during the decade following
their graduation. Which research design will the center most likely use?
a. cross-sequential
b. longitudinal
c. time-lag
d. longitudinal-sequential
The need for______ results in a desire for predictability, being uncomfortable with
ambiguity, and a preference for quick and decisive answers.
a. personal control
b. closure
c. emotional selectivity
d. ego integrity
A cancer screening test is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. quaternary prevention.
Park and Reuter-Lorenz argue that the integrative approach provided by the STAC
model embraces a “lifelong potential for plasticity and the ability to_______age-related
changes.”
a. resist
b. adapt to
c. ignore
d. modify
________declines steadily starting at the age of 20 and rapidly after the age of 60.
a. Visual acuity
b. Light adaptation
c. Dark adaptation
d. Retinopathy
When older adults were told they were going to take a memory test, they performed
more poorly than younger adults on a task. However, when they were told the task
emphasized learning new information, they performed similarly to younger adults. This
provides an example of
a. negative personal control.
b. internal attributions.
c. implicit social beliefs.
d. stereotype threat.
Seventy-eight-year-old Ben is recovering from a broken hip. Where is Ben most likely
living at the moment?
a. a nursing home
b. an assisted-living facility
c. in congregate housing
d. at home by himself
Both lesbian and________are more likely to connect sex and emotional intimacy in
fewer, longer-lasting relationships.
Changes in are primarily responsible for reported changes in food preference and
enjoyment.
The median age at first marriage in the United States has been_______for several
decades.
The_____ is the sensory system in the inner ear that allows us to keep our balance.
Describe Jung’s dimensions of extraversion-introversion and masculinity-femininity.
Older adults compensate for brain changes by________of the brain than young adults
when performing the same tasks.
In the model, older adults’ adaptation depends on both their perceptions of the
environment
and their attempts to cope.
High levels of HDLs are considered a_______ factor.
What type of nutrition has been associated with better cognitive functioning and greater
brain volume? What type of nutrition has been connected to poorer cognitive outcomes?
How does the effect of environmental factors on average longevity change over time?
Researchers and career coaches write about four common meanings that describe work:
developing self, union with others, expressing self, and .
Populations around the world vary as to how long they live on average, from_______in
Sierra Leone in Africa to ________ in Japan.
Discuss Schooler’s application of Lazarus’s cognitive theory of stress and coping in
understanding older adults’
interactions with the environment.
Several countries tolerate physician-assisted suicide provided five criteria are met.
What are these criteria?