1) the purpose of action research is to:
a. understand general principles of child development.
b. improve the educational environment for students.
c. control unimportant variables that could potentially affect the results of the research.
d. examine changes in child development over long periods of time.
2) sixteen-year-old bettina has high self-esteem. based on research presented in the text,
which of the following is likely to be true of bettina?
a. she places a lot of emphasis on areas in which she feels less competent.
b. she is better able to tolerate frustration and transitions, compared to her peers with
lower self-esteem.
c. both of these
d. neither of these
3) the tabula rasa perspective is associated with:
a. jean-jacques rousseau
b. g. stanley hall
c. john dewey
d. john locke
4) you are planning to teach third grade. at which stage of psychosocial development
would you expect most of your students to be?
a. industry vs. inferiority
b. autonomy vs. shame and doubt
c. identity vs. role confusion
d. trust vs. mistrust
5) hillary has been identified as a gifted student. which statement probably describes
hillary?
a. her iq score is over 130.
b. her academic performance is above average.
c. both statements
d. neither statement
6) which of the following statements regarding racial and cultural differences in
cognitive abilities is false?
a. on average, anglo-american children score consistently higher on many different
measures of cognitive abilities than children from most other ethnic and racial groups.
b. although narrowing, ethnic differences in iq and achievement scores remain
substantial.
c. asian-american students perform better than anglo-americans, african-americans, and
latino-americans on standardized tests because of genetic factors.
d. most researchers believe that differences in students iq and achievement test scores
are due to social and economic factors.
7) research studies show that positive peer relations can enhance a childs:
a. feelings of competence.
b. sense of efficacy.
c. self-worth.
d. all of these
8) the purpose of a developmental theory is to:
a. describe how children change as they age.
b. describe how different aspects of development are interrelated.
c. explain why development occurs in a particular direction.
d. all of these
9) the mother of one of your students has asked you for advice. she is trying to get her
child to make her bed every morning. based on available research, what should you tell
this parent?
a. spank the child when she does not make the bed.
b. give the child time outs when she fails to make the bed.
c. give the child lots of praise when she makes the bed.
d. tell her, make your bed, or else!
10) as a future teacher, you have made a commitment to help your students connect
what they are learning to their lives outside of school. you plan to link your materials to
experiences that are familiar to your students. you also hope to help your students see
the value of what they are learning for other subjects and real-life problems. which
aspect of motivation are you attempting to impact?
a. providing motivating learning activities
b. promoting positive feelings of competency and efficacy
c. emphasizing the intrinsic value of learning
d. providing opportunities for peer collaboration
11) researcher james marcia uses ______ as the criteria for determining a persons
identity status.
a. the degree to which a person has explored different identity options
b. the degree to which a person has made commitments
c. both of these
d. neither of these
12) you teach tenth-grade biology. given your knowledge of the stage of formal
operations, you expect your students to generate and test hypotheses in a systematic
manner when completing their biology labs. you know that they can do this because
they have developed:
a. hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
b. combinatorial reasoning.
c. conservation skills.
d. zone of proximal development.