Which of the following have been taught to use sign language?
a. baboons
b. chimpanzees
c. macaques
d. lemurs
e. vervets
Structural similarities shared by species that are acquired by descent from a common
ancestor are
a. analogies
b. homologies
c. acquired
d. uncommon
e. uninformative of evolutionary relationships
The term Homo ergaster
a. was suggested to be used to refer to African Homo erectus specimens
b. was suggested to be used to refer to Asian Homo erectus specimens
c. is fully accepted by all paleoanthropologists
d. was initially proposed by Eugene Dubois
e. refers to later H. erectus specimens
Endothermic animals include mammals and which of the following?
a. fish
b. amphibians
c. birds
d. all dinosaurs
e. reptiles
The hypothesis that all modern humans descended from an African lineage
a. has been conclusively proven to be correct
b. is supported by mtDNA evidence
c. is supported by evidence from researchers in India
d. is conclusively proven as incorrect
e. is based on archaeological evidence obtained from caves in Spain
According to the current evidence discussed in the text, which of the following
statement is true?
a. Humans are the only species capable of conveying information pertaining to specific
components of the external environment.
b. Nonhuman primates can communicate any information except that which pertains to
their emotional state.
c. Some nonhuman primates appear to give specific alarm calls that refer to particular
categories of predators.
d. Free-ranging monkeys and apes use symbolic language in the same manner as
humans.
e. Some monkeys communicate about past and future events by means of symbolic
gestures.
Which of the statements below is false regarding the relationship between malaria and
the HbS allele?
a. There is no geographic correlation between the distribution of the HbS allele and
malaria.
b. Heterozygotes have greater resistance to malaria than homozygous individuals.
c. The malarial parasite does not reproduce very well in the red blood cells of
heterozygotes.
d. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite.
e. Most people are homozygous for the HbA allele.
Which feature of Ubaid society likely influenced the development of community
organization and cooperation?
a. the construction of massive irrigation systems
b. the development of extensive trade contacts
c. the development of an institutional bureaucracy
d. the rise of a full-time military
e. the development of a writing system
Which statement concerning the F1 plants in Mendel’s experiments is false?
a. They were hybrids.
b. They were heterozygous for the traits in question.
c. Their parents were homozygous for the traits in question.
d. All F1s displayed the dominant trait in their phenotype.
e. All F1s displayed the recessive trait in their phenotype.
What are the smallest New World anthropoids?
a. marmosets and tamarins
b. howler monkeys and baboons
c. spider monkeys and capuchin monkeys
d. squirrel monkeys and bonobos
e. macaques
Which of the following is NOT an example of a relative dating technique?
a. biostratigraphy
b. cross-dating
c. seriation
d. paleomagnetism
e. stratigraphy
In many primate species, ________ have/has a central role in reinforcing social
relationships.
a. play
b. coalition formation
c. dominance hierarchies
d. food-sharing
e. grooming
According to the text, the game changer for our ancestors, whether they were
australopiths or early Homo, was
a. their first rudimentary attempts at language.
b. their first rudimentary attempts at technological solutions to problems.
c. their ability to manage their own lives.
d. their capabilities to expand into new habitats.
e. their bipedal locomotion.
Development of a mammalian brain requires all except
a. Longer period of growth
b. More intense period of growth
c. Slower development in utero and after birth
d. Social system that ensure ample learning
e. The lack of a “bond of milk” between mother and infant
During glacial peaks, much of western Europe would have been
a. cut off from the rest of Eurasia
b. covered with desert
c. covered with rain forests
d. unaffected
e. glacial peaks did not occur outside of Africa
Which of the following is not inherited in a Mendelian fashion?
a. Huntington Disease
b. albinism
c. cleft chin
d. Tay-Sachs disease
e. skin color
Which of the following is NOT an example of a radiometric dating technique?
a. radiocarbon
b. paleomagnetism
c. potassium argon
d. thermoluminescence
e. argon-argon
The ziggurat, is typically associated with which ancient civilization?
a. Sumerian
b. Egyptian
c. Qin dynasty
d. Indus Valley
e. Mayan
Groups with a subsistence strategy of relying on a wide range of locally available foods
which are brought back to base camps are defined as:
a. collectors
b. foragers
c. seasonal extractors
d. residentially mobile
e. Paleo-Indians
Which of the following best describes the nature of Upper Paleolithic occupations in the
New World?
A. There are no documented occupations that coincide with the presence of Beringia.
B. People were adapted to high-latitude conditions as early as 50,000 ya.
C. The Upper Paleolithic peoples from northern Asia were culturally and geographically
capable of entering the New World.
D. Colder climates and sparse resources existed in the coastal regions, compared to the
interior.
E. The biological evidence of the earliest people are prolific.
Remains evidencing Middle Pleistocene culture indicate that premodern Homo sapiens
a. did not build temporary structures
b. did not exploit different food sources
c. had not learned to exploit marine resources
d. presumably hunted large animals, perhaps horses
e. lived in caves but not open air sites
What are structural similarities between species that are based on common function and
not on common evolutionary descent called?
a. acquired
b. generalized
c. non-adaptive
d. analogies
e. homologies
Which of the following statements does not describe the development of plant
domestication in the Near East?
a. It was preceded by a hunting and gathering economy based on small-grain grass and
cereal seeds.
b. It coincides with a cooler and dryer climate.
c. It is associated with the human dispersal of cereal grasses to the stream valleys.
d. Epipaleolithic foraging cultures, such as Kebaran and Natufian, took the first steps
toward agriculture.
e. Small- grained grass and wild cereal seeds were not important in earlier hunter
gathered diets
At Zhoukoudian, there is now thought to be evidence that Homo erectus
a. killed deer and horses
b. knew how to hunt
c. used fire inside the cave
d. lived in the cave
e. were victims of hungry giant hyenas
Evolution can be described as a two-stage process that includes which of the following?
a. genetic drift followed by migration
b. natural selection followed by migration
c. recombination followed by mutation
d. production of variation followed by natural selection acting on this variation
e. production and distribution of variation
Which of the following is an epoch of the Cenozoic era?
a. Ordovician
b. Permian
c. Triassic
d. Cambrian
e. Eocene
Primate behavior is best viewed as being
a. influenced by environmental factors
b. entirely genetic in origin
c. independent of environmental factors
d. entirely learned and without any genetic basis
e. subject to very few factors
The overall study of fossil hominins is known as:
a. physical anthropology
b. ethnography
c. paleoanthropology
d. archaeology
e. ethology
Which of the following best describes the importance of the Monte Verde site?
a. It provides solid evidence for the Bering Land Bridge Theory.
b. It conclusively links the Solutrean and Clovis cultures.
c. It provides definitive evidence for pre-Clovis occupations.
d. It is indicative of marine dependence during the Paleo-Indian period.
e. It contains evidence for the earliest skeletons in the New World.
At a hypothetical locus, a man’s genotype is Aa. What proportion of his gametes would
be expected to receive the A allele?
a. All
b.
c.
d.
e. None
The most complete Homo erectus skeleton found to date is the Nariokotome specimen,
which includes
a. facial bones and pelvis
b. facial bones, pelvis and most of the limb bones
c. facial bones, pelvis, most of the limb bones and ribs
d. facial bones, pelvis, most of the limb bones, ribs and vertebrae
e. complete skull, pelvis, most of the limb bones, ribs and vertebrae
Which of the following has not been proposed as a model to explain the origin of
modernHomo sapiens?
a. An origin in Africa followed by migration to other areas where indigenous
premodern populations were replaced.
b. An origin in Africa followed by migration to other areas where both interbreeding
and replacement occurred.
c. Several origins in different areas where modern forms evolved from local
populations.
d. Separate origins in Africa and Australia with migrations from both these areas to
displace all other populations.
e. A strong influence of modern humans evolving first in Africa that left an imprint on
populations throughout the world that is detectable today.
Summarize the importance of the discovery of the child’s skeleton from the Abrigo do
Lagar Velho relative to the debate on modern human origins.
Answer:Will vary
Why is geographic isolation important to the process of speciation?
Answer:Will vary
Discuss the changing focus of cultural anthropology.
Answer:Will vary
Why does Jared Diamond say agriculture was “the worst mistake in the history of the
human race?”
Answer:Will vary
Discuss the differences between Homo erectus remains from East Africa and the
Javanese and Chinese fossils.
Answer:Will vary
How has “civilization” been defined in the past? Compare and contrast the use of this
term by Childe, Kluckhohn, and current anthropologists.
Answer:Will vary
Define “species” and the biological species concept. Why is the latter the one preferred
by most biologists?
Answer:Will vary
What is ethnoarchaeology and its value to the overall understanding of the
archaeological record?
Answer:Will vary
What was the underlying unifying factor of the Chavin culture?
Answer:Will vary
What is the physiological mechanism of lactose intolerance? Why is the ability to digest
milk sugars an example of biocultural evolution?
Answer:Will vary
Define osteology and then discuss which subfields of physical anthropology require
knowledge of osteology.
Answer:Will vary
Explain major ways in the development of farming in the New World.
Answer:Will vary
Discuss the evolutionary trends in the genus Homo. Start with the transition from early
Homo to Homo erectus and end with the Neandertals. Be sure to include the temporal
and geographic distributions of the various species of Homo.
Answer:Will vary
Describe the environmental changes that occurred at the end of the Pleistocene.
Answer:Will vary
What is the adaptive value of dark skin tones in equatorial regions such as Africa? If all
humans are ultimately from Africa, what hypotheses might explain why skin tones
lightened as humans came to occupy more northern latitudes?
Answer:Will vary
Why is the field of genetics central to the field of physical anthropology?
Answer:Will vary
Discuss the evolutionary explanation of infanticide in Hanuman langurs.
Answer:Will vary