Baby Alfredo looks more intensely at a checkerboard with large black and white
squares rather than one with smaller gray and white squares. Alfredo is demonstrating
A)contrast sensitivity.
B)sensitivity to pictorial depth cues.
C)proprioception.
D)sensitivity to the visual cliff.
When teachers __________, first graders show greater literacy progress.
A)focus on reading aloud without stopping to concentrate on comprehension
B)rely exclusively on the whole-language approach
C)rely exclusively on the phonics approach
D)combine real reading and writing with teaching of phonics
When Yolanda gives birth, her hospital offers her the option of having her newborn stay in
her hospital room all or most of the time. This is known as
A)rooming in.
B)a birthing room.
C)bonding.
D)nursery care.
In a study of more than 100 U.S. first-time expectant married couples who were
interviewed about their pregnancy experiences,
A)an unplanned pregnancy was especially likely to spark positive feelings among
participants.
B)about one-third of participants reported mixed or neutral feelings about their
pregnancies.
C)no participants felt negatively about their pregnancies by the third trimester.
D)about two-thirds of participants reported mixed or neutral feelings to learning they were
expecting.
Toms is moving from middle school to a high school with a tracking program. As a
low-SES minority student, Toms will most likely be placed in a
A)college preparatory track.
B)mixed-ability classroom.
C)noncollege track.
D)remedial classroom.
Research involving infants’ numerical knowledge suggests that 6-month-olds can
A)discriminate quantities up to five.
B)perform simple addition, but not subtraction.
C)distinguish among large sets of items.
D)add and subtract large sets of items.
When parents are __________, their children are likely to react with concern to others’
distress.
A)warm and sensitive
B)permissive
C)authoritarian
D)devoid of emotional expressiveness
Infants learn and retain information
A)only through physical activity.
B)just by watching objects and events.
C)only by manipulating objects.
D)but cannot engage in recall.
Which of the following statements about adolescent drug abuse treatment is true?
A)Individual, rather than family, therapy is the best treatment.
B)Even comprehensive programs have alarmingly high relapse rates.
C)Adolescents who are motivated from the start of treatment have better outcomes.
D)Comprehensive programs that focus on individual and family therapy have modest to
low relapse rates.
Which of the following statements about the breech position is true?
A)Cesarean delivery is never justified when the baby is in the breech position.
B)The breech position decreases the chance of squeezing of the umbilical cord.
C)Certain breech babies fare just as well with a normal delivery as with a cesarean.
D)The breech position decreases the chances of head injuries during delivery.
Which of the following girls is likely to reach menarche first?
A)A’akia, who lives in a poverty-stricken village in Ethiopia
B)Anya, who comes from a low-income family in Sweden
C)Alexis, who is a middle-income Caucasian American
D)Angelique, who is a middle-income African American
Damon is injected with a radioactive substance and then lies on an apparatus with a
scanner that emits fine streams of X-rays, which detect increased blood flow and
oxygen metabolism in areas of the brain as Damon processes particular stimuli.
Damon’s brain functioning is being measured using
A)an electroencephalogram (EEG).
B)event-related potentials (ERPs).
C)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
D)position emission tomography (PET).
Which of the following statements about language development is true?
A)Babies typically say their first words around 6 months of age.
B)Sometime between 12 and 15 months, most babies combine two words.
C) By age 6, children understand the meaning of about 1,000 words.
D)By age 6, children speak in elaborate sentences and are skilled conversationalists.
Carrie, age 8, has high social self-esteem. Which of the following statements most likely
applies to Carrie?
A)She is perceived to be a bit snobbish by her classmates.
B)She outperforms the majority of her classmates in schoolwork.
C)She tends to be well-liked by her classmates.
D)She often gets other classmates into trouble.
Sperm live for up to
A)twelve hours.
B)two days.
C)four days.
D)six days.
Korean toddlers develop object-sorting skills later than their English-speaking counterparts
because
A)they are less likely to be given opportunities to physically manipulate objects.
B)English-speaking children develop language skills sooner than Korean-speaking
children.
C)the English language is less complex than the Korean language.
D)the Korean language often omits object names from sentences.
Holding a newborn extensively
A)increases crying.
B)hinders early motor development.
C)promotes an insecure attachment relationship.
D)reduces crying.