SOC 18922 | Course Paper

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The law is what ______ says it is at any point in time, generally speaking.

a. the Senate

b. the Supreme Court

c. the president

d. the press

e. the academic community

Powers held jointly by the national and state governments are called

a. cooperative powers.

b. statutory powers.

c. reserved powers.

d. concurrent powers.

e. inherent powers.

The ______ kept blacks from voting in the Democratic Party’s primaries.

a. grandfather clause

b. white primary

c. separate-but-equal doctrine

d. literacy tests

e. poll tax

Legislation to reform the regulation of federal lobbying in 1995 resulted in all of the

following EXCEPT

a. lobbyists were forced to register.

b. lobbying efforts had to be disclosed in semiannual reports.

c. the Senate adopted a flat ban on gifts provided by lobbyists.

d. a lobbyist was defined as someone who spent at least 20 percent of his or her time

lobbying Congress, their staffs, or executive-branch officials.

e. the House adopted a flat ban on gifts provided by lobbyists.

In the 1990s, scientists working on climate change began to conclude that gases

released by human activity, principally CO2, are producing

a. a “greenhouse effect.”

b. acid rain.

c. “El Nio.”

d. a “heat index effect.”

e. methane poisoning.

A reprieve is

a. when the President forgives someone of a crime.

b. when the President issues a formal postponement of the execution of a sentence

imposed by a court of law.

c. when the President makes a sentence less severe.

d. when Congress metes out a symbolic punishment delivered to any of its members

who criticize the president.

e. unconstitutional.

The initiative and the referendum are both

a. ways to remove a public official from office before to the end of his or her elected

term.

b. procedures used in Congress to prevent the passage of a bill by talking it to death.

c. provided for in the Bill of Rights.

d. constitutional mechanisms that are unique to California.

e. modern adaptations of direct democracy.

The Israeli blockade of Gaza in May 2010 directly resulted in

a. the militant group Hamas being voted out of office in Palestine.

b. elections in Israel establishing a new government willing to bring peace to the area.

c. widespread condemnation of the blockade, and ultimately, an increase in allowed

imports.

d. the Palestine Liberation Organization invading southern Israel.

e. the extremist group Free Jerusalem Now taking over the West Bank and Gaza.

To be considered obscene, a work must

a. be offensive to a specific religious group.

b. lack serious redeeming literary, artistic, political, or scientific merit.

c. be determined to be commercial speech.

d. employ graphics, as opposed to mere text.

e. portray actual sexual intercourse.

Which of the following best describes a major problem with the role of the instructed

delegate function of a member of Congress?

a. The public might not support the President’s policies.

b. The constituents likely do not actually have well-formed views on the issues that are

decided in Congress.

c. Constituents may not be in the same political party as the representative.

d. Members of Congress are often clueless about legislation.

e. Congressmen and women have a hard time cooperating.

The contrasting image of nonviolent African Americans and violent, hostile whites

created

a. strong public support for the civil rights movement.

b. strong public resentment toward the civil rights movement.

c. public indifference toward the civil rights movement.

d. strong public support for the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

e. strong public support for the rights of individuals to bear arms.

The section of the Constitution in which Congress is given the authority to regulate

trade among the states and with foreign countries is called the

a. oversight clause.

b. commerce clause.

c. supremacy clause.

d. necessary and proper clause.

e. interstate compact clause.

It was not until the _______ was ratified that the Bill of Rights began to be applied to

the states.

a. Twelfth Amendment

b. Thirteenth Amendment

c. Fourteenth Amendment

d. Fifteenth Amendment

e. Sixteenth Amendment

U. S. foreign policy may be carried out through all of the following techniques

EXCEPT

a. diplomatic relations.

b. foreign aid.

c. technical assistance.

d. military invasions.

e. by municipal taxation.

The answers given by respondents to poll questions are influenced by all of the

following EXCEPT

a. the order in which questions are asked.

b. wanting to please the interviewer.

c. a yes/no format that restricts the respondents’ choices.

d. the size of the sample.

e. the possible answers from which the respondents are allowed to choose.

Each state must do all of the following concerning other states EXCEPT

a. give full faith and credit to one another’s public civil acts.

b. enforce each other’s laws.

c. give full faith and credit to each other’s public records.

d. gve full faith and credit to one another’s public legal proceedings.

e. return people fleeing from justice to the state where the crime occurred.

In health-care reform, the requirement that all citizens obtain health-care insurance

coverage from some source, public or private, is called a(n)

a. mixed system.

b. dual mandate.

c. federal monopoly.

d. single-payer system.

e. individual mandate.

Their ________ power enables states to pass laws governing such activities as

marriage, contracts, education, and land use.

a. commerce clause

b. enumerated

c. emergency

d. necessary and proper

e. police

What has resulted from the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster?

a. The Environmental Protection Agency announced it would no longer inspect oil

facilities.

b. Senate Democrats championed legislation promoting the expansion of new drilling

sites.

c. House Republicans introduced legislation promoting a variety of new green-energy

initiatives.

d. A moratorium on new offshore drilling was instituted.

e. Foreign oil imports were banned.

Scholars began to detect the gender gap following the election of

a. Ronald Reagan.

b. Gerald Ford.

c. Jimmy Carter.

d. George W. Bush.

All of the following concerning the Lemon v. Kurtzman case is true EXCEPT

a. government aid to religious schools is constitutional.

b. the nature of government aid to schools must be secular.

c. government aid to schools could not have the primary effect of advancing or

inhibiting religion.

d. government, in aiding schools, cannot become excessively entangled with religion.

e. government aid to religious schools has to be religious in nature.

The literal meaning of theocracy is

a. rule by society’s elders.

b. rule by the most educated.

c. rule by God (or the gods).

d. rule by the eldest son of the previous ruler.

e. rule by priests.

A sustained rise in the general price level of goods and services is called

a. a Keynesian economy.

b. “hidden unemployment.”

c. inflation.

d. a depression.

e. a recession.

Privatization is

a. the replacement of government services with services provided by private firms.

b. when the Small Business Administration gives loans to individuals.

c. hiring practices of the bureaucracy.

d. the replacement of private services with state or local government services.

e. the abolition of entire government departments.

During the Cold War, there was

a. a continuous diplomatic exchange between U.S. and Soviet military advisors.

b. never any direct military conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union.

c. an occasional exchange of artillery fire across the East German/West German border.

d. direct fighting between U.S. and Soviet ground troops during the Korean War.

e. occasional dogfights between U.S. and Soviet fighter planes over Europe.

The concept that all people are of equal worth is called

a. popular sovereignty.

b. equality.

c. fraternity.

d. liberty.

e. liberalism.

The practice of logrolling is

a. an arrangement in which members of Congress agree in advance to support each

others’ bills.

b. when members of Congress undermine the personal credibility of their opponents.

c. when members of Congress use unlimited debate as a delaying tactic to block a bill.

d. when members of Congress attach amendments to bills.

e. the process of putting together a budget.

African Americans of all religious tendencies have been

a. more likely than Catholics, but less likely than Protestants, to vote Republican.

b. in line with non-African American religious voters with regard to their voting

tendencies.

c. evenly split between Republicans and Democrats.

d. strongly supportive of Democrats.

e. strongly supportive of Republicans.

A procedure allowing the people to vote to dismiss an elected official from office before

his or her term has expired is called

a. a referendum.

b. direct democracy.

c. a recall.

d. an initiative.

e. popular sovereignty.

During the Jacksonian era (1829″1837), a shift toward ______ began.

a. a service sector-based economy

b. women’s suffrage

c. more activist international intervention

d. a strong national government

e. states’ rights

The Constitution that was to be ratified established the following fundamental

principles EXCEPT

a. popular sovereignty, or control by the people.

b. a republican government in which the people choose representatives to make

decisions for them.

c. limited government with written laws.

d. a federal system that allows for states’ rights, because the states feared too much

centralized control.

e. presidential infallibility.

Contrast government corporations with their private-sector counterparts. Should the