Detective Smith is working on an active sexual assault case. She has just recently
received DNA results back from the lab. The results specifically pinpoint the person of
interest as the suspect. Detective Smith has obtained an arrest warrant and is hoping that
the suspect will give a full confession.
Detective Smith must inform the suspect of his right to have an attorney present during
the interrogation. The U.S. Supreme Court guaranteed this right in which ruling?
a. Mapp v. Ohio
b. Wren v. United States
c. Miranda v. Arizona
d. Michigan v. Long
Which of the following is not a main principle of classical criminology?
a. Criminal behavior is rational.
b. People who commit crimes weigh the costs and benefits.
c. Fear of punishment keeps most people in check.
d. Punishment should be tailored to each individual person.
Which of the following would not be a step in the evolution of parole?
a. Strict imprisonment
b. Freedom within a limited area
c. Ticket of leave resulting in conditional pardon
d. Full restoration of civil liberties.
Public opinion polls indicate that as many as 60% of Americans are afraid to walk in
their neighborhoods at night.
a. True
b. False
The recognition that the control of crime cannot rest solely with the police illustrates
the idea of
a. the increased role of victims in crime prevention.
b. community crime prevention.
c. negative attitudes toward police.
d. police abuse of power.
The organization _______ was formed because of a mother’s heartbreak after the death
of her daughter due to a drunk driver.
a. MADD
b. Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence
c. SADD
d. BADD
All crime victims can expect to receive full restitution from the offenders who harmed
them.
a. True
b. False
Under the 10 percent cash bail system, once the individual appears in court, they will
receive 10% of the money back.
a. True
b. False
_____ and high levels of violence are the hallmarks of many jails.
a. Murder
b. Suicide
c. Theft
d. Gangs
Which U.S. Supreme Court decision found that a child could waive his or her rights to
an attorney and to protections against self-incrimination?
a. New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)
b. Fare v. Michael C. (1979)
c. Schall v. Martin (1984)
d. In re Gault (1967)
U.S. district courts are often referred to as ______ courts.
a. appeals
b. country
c. state supreme
d. trial
In _____ the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that execution of developmentally disabled
defendants was unconstitutional.
a. Roper v. Simmons (2005)
b. McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)
c. Gregg v. Georgia (1976)
d. Atkins v. Virginia (2002)
Which is true concerning community corrections?
a. Greater caseload leads to greater pressures.
b. It is supported by the increased use of evidence-based practices.
c. Offenders today require closer supervision.
d. All of the above.
Restitution orders are determined by prison wardens rather than by judges.
a. True
b. False
Shelby was allowed to present her case in a public trial. This right was given to her
based upon which amendment?
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Eighth Amendment
Problem-oriented policing tries to find the underlying causes of crime.
a. True
b. False
Intermediate sanctions have been advocated as less costly than incarceration.
a. True
b. False
Psychoanalytic theory explains criminal behavior as resulting from a(n)
a. overdeveloped id.
b. perfectly developed ego.
c. underdeveloped or overdeveloped superego.
d. underdeveloped or overdeveloped ego.
Sherry is a 40-year-old white female who frequently participates in prostitution to earn
money for her crack habit. She was raised in a single-parent home and has been selling
herself for the last 18 years. She has been arrested several times and has no hope that
she can make a better life for herself.
Sherry is arrested for possession with intent to sell after being picked up for
prostitution. The judge agrees to a plea bargain that requires Sherry to plead guilty to all
charges, with a 5-year prison sentence. She is pushed quickly through the court system.
This is an example of the ______ model?
a. Crime control
b. Due process
c. evidence-based
d. justice-based
Police officers require only formal training to understand all the aspects of their job.
a. True
b. False
One way that offenders avoid the consequences of civil disabilities is through _______,
a process through which an individual’s criminal records are erased from public records.
a. pardon
b. clemency
c. forgiveness
d. expungement
Budget cuts had a negative impact on evidence-based policing.
a. True
b. False
From which population are jury pools drawn?
a. All residents
b. Registered voters and licensed drivers
c. Homeowners
d. College graduates
Which Western nation has the most prisoners serving long-term sentences?
a. Canada
b. United States
c. Germany
d. France
The Bureau of Prisons enters into contractual agreements with cities to provide which
of the following services?
a. Halfway houses
b. Prerelease programs
c. Electronic monitoring
d. All of the above
What is a “prosecution complex”?
a. When an offender fears unfair treatment by the prosecutor
b. When a judge sides with the prosecutor in a court decision
c. When a defense attorney comes to believe he or she represents the state
d. When prosecutors view themselves as an instrument of law enforcement
The Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) enacted by Congress in 2004 establishes a
zero-tolerance standard for the incidence of rape in prison. Even with the passage of
this act, prison rapes continue in the nation’s prisons. What steps can a warden take in
order to prevent sexual violence in prison?
Warden Smith is in charge of a female prison that houses the women from her state. She
has been working diligently to improve the conditions of the prison for the women.
Warden Smith has increased programs for the women, spending significant amounts of
money on improving the educational system behind bars. She also received a grant that
allowed the prison to have an around-the-clock medical staff person to care for the
inmates. Warden Smith has also managed to incorporate programs to increase the
mother”child bond.
Warden Smith was able to receive grant funding for medical care of her female inmates.
This is important because women have a greater chance than men of suffering from:
a. AIDS
b. asthma
c. prostate cancer
d. brain tumors
Where in the United States were the first penitentiaries located?
a. New Jersey and Pennsylvania
b. New York and New Jersey
c. New York and Pennsylvania
d. Nevada and Pennsylvania
If a person is growing marijuana in plain sight, a police officer does not need a warrant
to search and seize the evidence.
a. True
b. False
In what circumstance is the totality of circumstances used?
a. To determine whether an offender is guilty
b. To determine whether to indict a suspect
c. To determine whether probable cause exists
d. To determine whether police acted appropriately
The State of Michigan v. Christopher Jones illustrated
a. the importance of selecting open-minded jurors.
b. the difficulties of proving guilt in a rape case.
c. the prosecutor’s use of multiple charges to pressure defendants to plead guilty.
d. that circumstantial evidence cannot be used to convict an offender.
________ is a vice offense.
a. Assault
b. Traffic violation
c. Arson
d. Prostitution
The most likely victims of domestic violence are younger women from low-income
families.
a. True
b. False
The _____ are less likely than the poor to be the victims of crime.
__________ hold that criminal behavior occurs when the bonds that tie an individual to
the society are broken or weakened.
The 2011 _____________ Act provides annual funding for the military, including
provisions permitting terrorism suspects to be arrested and detained indefinitely and
permitting the military to detain and question terrorism suspects on American soil.
The United States has a ____________________ court system with separate federal and
state court systems.
The large numbers of crimes that are not reported are called the
____________________ of crime.
If a juror’s responses indicate that he or she will not be able to make fair decisions, an
attorney may request a(n) ______.
_______ defendants cannot afford to hire a private attorney.
___________ is an investigative tool for police, but it can also be used to prevent and
correct grave errors by exonerating wrongly convicted people.
_________________ is used to determine an individual’s genetic fingerprint.
What is the basis of the adversarial system in the United States, and why is it so vital to
the success of our modern-day criminal justice system? How does plea bargaining
impact the adversarial system?
The _____ is a transitional facility for soon-to-be- released inmates that connects them
to community services, resources, and support.
Imagine that you are the chief of police of your local police department. Devise a
use-of-force policy that your officers could follow, including a discussion of what
weaponry you would use.
What special issues do prison administrators have to take into account when
implementing programs for female inmates? Should women have a different standard of
punishment? Why or why not? Could such differences be considered gender
discrimination?
A(n) __________ election is an election in which candidates’ party affiliations are not
listed on the ballot.
The few celebrated cases are at Layer ____________________ of the criminal justice
“wedding cake.”
Describe the roles of the prosecuting attorney.