Increasing restrictions on parolees also affect their families and communities.
a. True
b. False
Even today, research indicates than women may be more subject to sexual harassment
as police officers than their male counterparts.
a. True
b. False
According to public opinion polls, which function is most important in the minds of
citizens?
a. law enforcement
b. order maintenance
c. service
d. departmental
If a police officer is acting in good faith, then he/she may use evidence obtained
through the use of a defective search warrant.
a. True
b. False
The Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Clause has been a source of protection
against discrimination applied to prisoners because of their
a. Race
b. Gender
c. Religion
d. all of the above
According to Cole and Smith, what is the biggest barrier to effective justice for state
courts?
a. lack of qualified judges
b. too few courthouses
c. not enough police officers
d. the fragmented structure of the judicial system
Which of the following is NOT true about a juvenile officer?
a. juvenile officers are selected and trained to relate effectively to youths
b. juvenile officers are knowledgeable about legal issues
c. juvenile officers are sensitive to the needs of young offenders
d. juvenile officers have less discretion than regular officers in processing young
offenders
The risk of lethal violence is much higher in the United States than in other industrial
democracies.
a. True
b. False
Intermediate sanctions are not used as often as they could be in the United States.
a. True
b. False
Holding police officers responsible for any unprofessional (or criminal) behavior is
referred to as:
a. civil liability
b. statutory assessment
c. legislative occupation
d. civic accountability
According to U.S. v. Drayton (2002), police officers:
a. must notify citizens they have the right to say “no” to a search
b. must notify a citizen of their right against self-incrimination
c. must notify a citizen of their right to an attorney
d. are not obligated to notify citizens they have a right to say “no” to a search
The Warren Court established that the exclusionary rule applied to the states.
a. True
b. False
Police can never use deadly force.
a. True
b. False
The United States Constitution explicitly includes criminal justice among the powers of
the federal government.
a. True
b. False
Appeals encourage judges to be careless because they know any improper ruling will be
corrected at a future date.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is true concerning prison programs?
a. they are readily available to prisoners
b. legislators today are financially supportive of prisoner programs
c. more programs tend to increase hostilities in prison
d. classification of prisoners and assignment to various programs often are based on the
needs of administrators
Which of the following statements about the death penalty is true?
a. the offenders race and sex can be considered as factors when deciding whether to
invoke the death sentence
b. offenders sentenced to death are not entitled to effective counsel
c. it is constitutional to exclude jurors from capital cases who do not believe in the
death penalty
d. It cannot be imposed on an offender who was a juvenile at the time the offense was
committed.
All 50 states are members of MATRIX, the Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information
Exchange.
a. True
b. False
Freud proposed a psychoanalytic theory that crime is caused by unconscious drives and
forces.
a. True
b. False
Dianne works for the federal governor as a prosecutor. She spends much of her time
prosecuting drug crimes. Dianne was placed into her position approximately 3 years
ago and seems constantly in awe of her duties within the criminal justice system. Diane
works in district 5 in Dallas Texas.
Dianne works as a prosecutor for the federal government. Dianne’s actual title is
_________?
a. state attorney
b. US attorney
c. district attorney
d. county attorney
A source of crime data from interviews conducted to gather on unreported as well as
reported crimes is called
a. NCVS
b. dark figure of crime
c. UCR
d. NIBRS
Unlike regular police officers, juvenile officers exercise little discretion in processing
offenders.
a. True
b. False
Which medical researcher suggested that environmental lead finds its way into the
developing brains, it disturbs impulse control.
a. Cesar Lombroso
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Emile Durkheim
d. Herbert Needleman
Maria is a 16 year old Hispanic female from South Carolina who has been charged with
assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill. Maria used a baseball bat to beat a
classmate close to death leaving the victim with brain damage. The judge will render
her decision tomorrow if Maria should be tried as an adult or if the case she stay within
the jurisdiction of the juvenile court system. Currently, Maria is being held in an
institution until an appropriate decision can be made.
The judge in Maria’s case will determine if she is to be tried in the adult court system.
She will due this by issuing a judicial _________.
a. diversion
b. warrant
c. judgement
d. waiver
The civil disabilities of ex-felons can include loss of the right to vote and to hold public
office.
a. True
b. False
The criminal justice system practitioners use all of the following characteristics
EXCEPT ?
a. Discretion
b. Resource dependence
c. Filtering
d. Complete independence of actors
Why does the NCVS not measure homicide?
a. Homicide is not usually reported to the police.
b. You cannot survey victims of homicide.
c. Homicide is unimportant to track.
d. Police departments may lie about their homicide rate.
The community policing philosophy does not include community residents in decision
making.
a. True
b. False
Which class of theory views the cause of criminal behavior from a mental condition, a
personality disturbance, or limited intellect
a. biological explanations
b. psychological explanations
c. criminogenic explanations
d. sociological explanations
Which of the following is not a feature of the positivist criminology approach?
a. Human behavior is controlled by physical, mental, and social factors, not by free will.
b. Human behavior is determined by free will.
c. Criminals are different from noncriminals.
d. Science can be used to discover the causes of crime and to treat deviants.
The courts have generally upheld the view that ignorance of the law is not excuse for
committing an illegal act, but if an accused person has made a (an) _________, that
may serve as a defense.
a. mistake of fact
b. intoxication
c. infancy
d. duress
Probation officers play a role in sentencing by
a. preparing the presentence report for the judge
b. always asking for leniency
c. instructing victims about what to say at sentencing hearings
d. working with the defense attorney to prepare each defendant’s rehabilitation plan
When an urgent situation of significant social importance outweighs the necessity of
respecting individuals’ rights, this is referred to as the
a. plain view exception
b. public safety exception
c. exigent circumstances exception
d. stop and frisk exception
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the change in the prison population during
the last thirty years?
a. there has been a decrease in the number of African-Americans
b. there has been a decrease in the number of Hispanics
c. there has been no change in the number of Hispanics
d. there has been an increase in the number of both African-Americans and Hispanics
The real threats on the job are called ___________stresses.
Discuss the key relationships of the prosecutor with others in the criminal justice
system.
What is the current composition of the US Supreme Court? Does it lean more liberal or
conservative? Will this change in coming years?
The first law pertaining to juveniles in the United States was called the
Massachusetts Law.
At the ____ the suspect is brought before a judge and are given formal notice of the
charge(s) for which they are being held, advised of their rights, and, if approved by the
judge, given a chance to post bail.
_____includes programs designed to improve the lives of inmates: vocational training,
remedial education, and work opportunities.
When a judge oversees the “contest” between the defense attorney and the prosecutor,
he or she has taken on the role of ___________.
_______ are actions by law enforcement officials that intrude upon people’s
reasonable expectations of privacy.
Some states have eliminated education programs for inmates in their prisons. What is
the purpose of such a policy? Would it help reduce or increase crime rates?
Explain how income impacts the crime rate. Why do individuals who live in lower
socioeconomic conditions have higher rates of crime and are also more likely to
become victims of crime.
___________________courts may help offenders reintegrate into the community
The __________is responsible for law enforcement in counties of the United States.
In the past three decades, the states and the federal government have passed laws that
_____ sentences for most crimes.
What are the pros and cons of GPS tracking of parolees?
Determine and explain what constitutes racial profiling. Give three examples of racial
profiling.