In order to create a climate where men can reflect on their needs, choices, past and
present pain, and hopes for their future, female counselors must have an environment
resembling all of the following, except:
a. an uncomfortable environment.
b. an accepting environment.
c. an authentic environment.
d. a safe environment.
Which of the following is nota component of the brief psychodynamic approaches?
a. Use of interpretation early in the therapeutic relationship
b. Targeting a specific interpersonal problem during the first session
c. The therapist functioning as a blank slate
d. Developing a strong working alliance
Which approach asserts that unresolved emotional reactivity to one’s family must be
addressed if one hopes to achieve a mature and unique personality?
a. Bowenian family therapy
b. Adlerian family therapy
c. Social constructionism
d. Strategic family therapy
All of the following are a part of Jung’s view of development except:
a. individuation.
b. the shadow.
c. symbiosis.
d. collective unconscious.
A major criticism of the existential approach is that it lacks a systematic statement of
the principles and practices of psychotherapy.
a. True
b. False
All of the following are stages in Adlerian counseling except:
a. reorientation.
b. insight.
c. establishing a therapeutic relationship.
d. analysis of resistance.
A major characteristic of the classical psychoanalytic therapist is:
a. openness and self-disclosure.
b. a deeply personal and sharing relationship.
c. a sense of being anonymous.
d. a focus on specific behavior and an objective appraisal of learned patterns of
behavior.
According to Ellis, emotional disturbances often result from:
a. taking oneself too seriously.
b. living by the values our parents gave us.
c. refusing to deal with unfinished business.
d. having learned maladaptive behaviors.
Invivoflooding consists of:
a. brief and graduated series of exposures to feared events.
b. exposure to actual anxiety-evoking events rather than simply imagining these
situations.
c. imagined exposure to fearful experiences paired with muscle relaxation.
d. guided use of mindfulness techniques.
Wubbolding extended the theory and practice of reality therapy with his
conceptualization of the:
a. reality theory.
b. choice theory.
c. WDEP system.
d. quality world.
Which of the following did Adler notstress?
a. The unity of personality
b. Focus on early childhood experiences as determinants of later personality functioning
c. Behavior is purposeful and goal-oriented
d. A unique style of life that is an expression of life goals
The situation in which behaviors are influenced mainly by the consequences that follow
them is:
a. classical conditioning.
b. operant conditioning.
c. modeling.
d. flooding.
Privileged communication applies to:
a. group counseling.
b. couples counseling.
c. family therapy.
d. individual counseling.
In the text, all of the following are listed as characteristics of the counselor as a
therapeutic person except:
a. counselors have a sense of humor.
b. counselors no longer have to cope with personal problems.
c. counselors make choices that are life oriented.
d. counselors make mistakes and are willing to admit them.
_is an intervention that changes the label or evaluation applied to some behavioral
characteristic.
a. Paradoxical intention
b. Reframing
c. Relabeling
d. Genderrole analysis
The techniques of externalization and developing unique events are associated
primarily with:
a. solution-oriented therapy.
b. the linguistic approach.
c. the narrative approach.
d. the reflecting team.
The premise of Adlerian group work is that:
a. clients’ problems are usually of a social nature.
b. early childhood disturbances are at the root of the client’s current problems.
c. individuals are encouraged to become fully independent.
d. insight, not action, is needed for change.
The term “presence” refers to the counselor’s ability to be fully engaged in the
therapeutic relationship with the client.
a. True
b. False
From a social constructionist perspective, change begins with:
a. deconstructing the power of cultural narratives.
b. understanding the roots of a problem.
c. the therapist’s skill in using confrontational techniques.
d. understanding and accepting objective reality.
Which of the following aspects is notassessed when exploring a client’s family
constellation?
a. Birth order
b. Interactions between siblings and parents
c. The relationship between the parents and the pediatrician
d. The child’s psychological position in the family
There are three kinds of solution-focused therapeutic relationships. The client and
therapist jointly identify a problem and a solution to work toward describes which
relationship?
a. Customer
b. Complaint
c. Visitor
d. Shopper
_are preplanned activities that can be used to elicit emotion, produce action, or achieve
a specific goal.
a. Cathartic events
b. Faulty experiments
c. Exercises
d. Conflicting opinions
In the 1960s and 1970s Rogers did a great deal to spearhead the development of:
a. organizational management seminars.
b. private colleges aimed at training person-centered therapists.
c. student-centered teaching and encounter groups.
d. the National Training Laboratories and T-groups.
A reality therapist will primarily focus on:
a. past behavior.
b. present behavior.
c. feelings.
d. thoughts.
When is the counseling process at its best from an existential viewpoint?
a. When the client feels comfortable enough to engage in shame-attacking exercises
outside of counseling sessions.
b. When the deepest self of the therapist meets the deepest part of the client.
c. When the therapist uses his or her influence to convince the client to let go of his or
her anxiety.
d. When sessions begin with progressive muscle relaxation exercises.
Ursula lived in New York City on 9/11. Ever since experiencing the aftermath of the
terrorist attacks, she has felt anxiety about going to the upper level floors of tall
buildings. As an existentially oriented therapist, you might conclude that:
a. Ursula is highly neurotic.
b. Ursula’s fears are completely unfounded.
c. Ursula’s anxiety is normal in light of the traumatic experience she had on 9/11.
d. Ursula is on the verge of becoming psychotic.
When Adler spoke of individuality, he referred to the unique way we:
a. rewrite our own life script.
b. deal with the crises of our development.
c. confront our unfinished business.
d. develop our own style of striving for competence.
Rudolf Dreikurs is credited with popularizing the Adlerian approach in the United
States.
a. True
b. False
Empirical support for Gestalt therapy is:
a. weak.
b. welldeveloped.
c. becoming stronger.
d. unavailable.
Therapy is viewed as a in the sense that the interpersonal and existential problems of
the client will become apparent in the here and now of the therapy relationship.
a. social microcosm
b. “touchy feely” encounter
c. living laboratory
d. tension-filled encounter
Carl Rogers’s approach is based on the assumptions that humans are trustworthy and
that clients desire to grow.
a. True
b. False