In psychoanalytic therapy, a technique of great importance is:
a. “The Question.”
b. re-authoring one’s life story.
c. value judgments.
d. interpretation.
e. solution talk as opposed to problem talk.
Which of the following is not an aspect of Adlerian therapy:
a. People are primarily social beings.
b. Human nature is creative, active, and decisional.
c. Feelings of inferiority from childhood lead us to develop a style of life in which we
become the master of our fate.
d. All people react out of the social unconscious.
e. Clients are not ‘sick” nor are they needing to be “cured”.
All of the following are true about social skills training except:
a. It is a psychoeducational approach to interpersonal growth.
b. It involves modeling and reinforcement techniques.
c. It uses role playing exercises to simulate social situations.
d. It requires clients to engage in catharsis.
Feminist therapy does not stress:
a. an egalitarian therapeutic relationship.
b. confronting oppression.
c. dealing with transference feelings.
d. social justice.
e. listening to girls’ and women’s voices.
A couple directs the focus of their energy toward a problematic son as a way to avoid
facing or dealing with their own conflicts. This is an example of:
a. enmeshment.
b. normal love.
c. displacement.
d. triangulation.
e. diffusion.
Which of the following is not true of Beck’s cognitive therapy?
a. It is an insight therapy.
b. It is a short-term or time-limited structured approach.
c. It is an active and focused form of therapy.
d. It asserts that irrational beliefs lead to emotional problems.
e. It is based on the assumption that the way people feel and behave is determined by
the way they structure their experience.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) change and the search for new possibilities, (b) the encouragement process,
(c) family constellation, (d) gender role intervention, (e) personal priorities
According to the text, the challenge of providing informed consent consists of:
a. telling clients about the nature of confidentiality.
b. striking a balance between giving clients too much and too little information about
the therapeutic process.
c. convincing clients that counselors know what they are doing.
d. teaching clients about state laws that pertain to counseling.
e. getting clients to read the ethical codes of the profession.
A Gestalt therapist would be interested in Ruth’s:
a. awareness of her moment-to-moment experiencing.
b. contact with her therapist.
c. ability to attribute meaning to what she is thinking, doing, and feeling.
d. reactions to what is happening during the therapeutic hour.
e. all of the above.
The person-centered therapist is best described as a:
a. facilitator.
b. teacher.
c. human engineer.
d. friend.
A limit of the feminist approach from a diversity perspective is:
a. the tendency to impose upon a client personal values that may not be consistent with
the client’s cultural framework.
b. the lack of sensitivity to individual differences in clients.
c. the broad focus on respect and equality.
d. the emphasis on the use of standardized therapeutic techniques.
Which of the following is false as it applies to the practice of solution-focused brief
therapy?
a. Individuals who come to therapy have the ability to effectively cope with their
problems.
b. There are advantages to a positive focus on solutions and on the future.
c. Clients want to change, have the capacity to change, and are doing their best to make
change happen.
d. Using techniques in therapy is a way of discounting a client’s capacity to find his or
her own way.
A limitation of the existential approach is:
a. few techniques are generated from this approach.
b. it is a deterministic theory.
c. it does not give the client enough responsibility for the therapy process.
d. the systematic description of past influences and how these are significant in current
behavior.
e. none of the above
According to Carl Rogers, effective therapy does not need to include ______.
a. diagnosis.
b. therapist interpretation.
c. active intervention of a directive nature by the therapist.
d. giving information or giving advice.
e. all of the above
__________________ is the view of ethical practice that deals with the minimum level
of professional practice.
a. Mandatory ethics
b. Minimal ethics
c. Positive ethics
d. Aspirational ethics
Narrative therapists attempt to do all of the following except:
a. engage people in deconstructing problem-saturated stories.
b. discover preferred directions and new possibilities.
c. create new stories.
d. encourage free association.
Third-generation behavior therapies have been developed that center around five
interrelated core themes. Which of these is not one of the core themes?
a. an expanded view of psychological health
b. a broad view of acceptable outcomes in therapy
c. acceptance
d. a more precise focus on psychopathology
e. creating a life worth living
The Gestalt approach is a form of which general orientation to therapy?
a. existential
b. cognitive
c. behavioral
d. social-learning
Which of the following statements about theories or models of counseling/
psychotherapy is true?
a. Extensive research has shown that certain popular models of psychotherapy are
“wrong.”
b. There is a clear place for theoretical pluralism in our society.
c. Accepting the validity of one model implies rejecting the validity of other models.
d. Theoretical pluralism has been frowned on by several major professional
organizations.
Which of the statements below regarding emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is not true?
a. EFT methodology is similar to Gestalt therapy but emphasizes empirically supported
treatments.
b. EFT was developed by Fritz Perls’ wife, Laura.
c. EFT blends the relational aspects of the person-centered approach with the active
phenomenological awareness experiments of Gestalt therapy.
d. EFT entails the practice of therapy being informed by understanding the role of
emotion in psychotherapeutic change.
e. All are true.
It is especially important for counselors who work with culturally diverse client
populations to:
a. be aware of their own cultural heritage.
b. have a broad base of counseling techniques that can be employed with flexibility.
c. consider the cultural context of their clients in determining what interventions are
appropriate.
d. examine their own assumptions about cultural values.
e. all of these
The cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy stresses:
a. support, understanding, warmth, and empathy.
b. awareness, unfinished business, impasse, and experiencing.
c. thinking, judging, analyzing, and doing.
d. subjectivity, existential anxiety, self-actualization, and being.
e. transference, dream analysis, uncovering unconscious, and early experience.
Empowerment and egalitarianism are the basis of the ________ therapeutic
relationship.
a. existential
b. feminist
c. Gestalt
d. psychoanalytic
Which of the following is considered to be a basic tenet of feminist therapy?
a. Gender-role socialization is healthy for women and men.
b. Therapy needs to be based on a diagnostic framework.
c. The main goal of therapy is to teach clients how to dispute faulty thinking.
d. The personal is political.
e. Patriarchy is good for human relationships.
Which family therapist made use of innovative interventions such as metaphor,
reframing, rules for interaction, parts party, family reconstructions, family sculpting,
and family maps?
a. Bowen
b. Minuchin
c. Satir
d. Whitaker
e. Haley
Which approach to family therapy contends that one’s current family problems will not
significantly change until relationship patterns in one’s family of origin are understood
and directly challenged?
a. Bowenian family therapy
b. human validation process model
c. structural family therapy
d. strategic family therapy
Stan makes conclusions without supporting and relevant evidence. He often engages in
catastrophizing, which involves thinking about the worst possible scenario and outcome
for a given situation. This is an example of which form of cognitive distortion?
a. arbitrary inferences
b. overgeneralization
c. personalization
d. labeling and mislabeling
e. polarized thinking
A reality therapist would:
a. explore what Ruth wants.
b. help Ruth evaluate what she is doing.
c. help Ruth formulate an action plan.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above.
Existentially, the ideas of freedom and responsibility suggest:
a. our freedom requires us to accept responsibility for directing our own life.
b. we are free to choose who we will be.
c. you cannot have one without the other.
d. all of these.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) collective unconscious, (b) archetypes, (c) persona, (d) shadow, (e) narrative therapy
Which of the following statements about existential therapy is false?
a. Existential therapy is primarily aimed at working through the transference
relationship.
b. Existential therapy is subjective in nature.
c. Existential therapy encourages clients to act on what they know and learn about
themselves in therapy.
d. Existential therapy deals with such matters as anxiety, guilt, and freedom.
e. Existential therapy is aimed at helping clients make a commitment in the face of
uncertainty.
From a psychoanalytic perspective, if the focus of treatment is limited to individual
symptoms, it is likely that:
a. therapy will be successful.
b. symptom substitution may occur.
c. the analyst will feel less overwhelmed and will be more effective in his or her role.
d. the client will be extremely grateful.
e. an analysis of transference can be avoided.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) reflection, (b) creative arts, (c) active listening, (d) empathic understanding, (e)
miracle question
Behavior therapy is suited for:
a. individual therapy.
b. group therapy.
c. institutions and clinics.
d. classroom learning situations.
e. all of these.
Accurate empathic understanding implies an objective understanding of a client.
It is the job of the reality therapist to convey the idea that no matter how bad things are
there is hope.
According to existential thinking, effective therapy does not stop with awareness, for
clients are challenged to take action based on their insights.
A meta-analysis of research on therapeutic effectiveness found that the personal and
interpersonal components are, at best, only moderately related to effective
psychotherapy.
According to Beck, selective abstraction is used by clients to reinforce negative
schemas and support their maladaptive core beliefs.