Gestalt therapy focuses on all of the following EXCEPT
a. bringing unfinished business from the past into the present.
b. objective evaluation of treatment outcomes.
c. direct experiencing.
d. awareness.
Barbara constantly compliments and attempts to flatter her counselor with statements
such as “You”re such a neat person,” “I”m glad that you”re my counselor,” and “You are
the reason that I am feeling better.” The best counselor response would be
a. “I”m pleased that you see me in a positive light, but more important is the fact that
you are feeling better because you are willing to work on yourself and do the things that
are necessary for change.”
b. “I”m glad that I”m your counselor too. We seem to have a good relationship and I
seem to be helping you feel better about yourself.”
c. “It’s good to work with a client who appreciates my efforts.”
d. “I”m sure you would work well with anyone.”
It may be necessary to make a referral when all of the following take place EXCEPT
a. it is evident that the helper does not have the skills or the responsibility to offer the
client the needed services.
b. the client is failing to make progress.
c. personal factors are likely to interfere with a productive working relationship.
d. the client has a disability the helper is uncomfortable with.
From a(n) _____ perspective, the goal of helping is to promote the empowerment of
people who are marginalized and oppressed in our society.
a. individualistic
b. social interest
c. social justice
d. intrapsychic
Jane assumes that most people don”t want to change and that the best way to get
through the client’s resistance is to employ very directive and highly confrontational
techniques. Holding these beliefs, she
a. is ineffective in helping others and should leave the field.
b. may have worked with resistant clients over the years and may be generalizing that
behavior to all clients.
c. will be more successful than if she adopted a less directive approach.
d. is rigidly holding these assumptions and will be unable to modify them.
__________ is a feeling of strain and pressure that can originate from external sources
or internal sources.
a. Crises
b. Vicarious trauma
c. Stress
d. Burnout
Working with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals often presents a challenge to
helpers who hold_____ values.
a. ethical
b. traditional
c. liberal
d. democratic
A shift in thinking toward __________ is slowly gaining recognition in the counseling
profession.
a. client advocacy
b. therapist advocacy
c. client idealism
d. client understanding
Ineffective counseling supervisors
a. are knowledgeable about ethical, legal, and regulatory aspects of the profession.
b. tend to poorly define what is expected of the supervisee.
c. provide direct and immediate feedback closely tied to a supervisee’s behavior.
d. state the purposes of the supervisory relationship and explain the procedures to be
used.
Adopting a multicultural perspective allows us to think about ___________ without
polarizing issues into right or wrong.
a. diversity
b. competence
c. ethics
d. cultural beings
While growing up, Patrick was told to always be appropriate, be perfect, and do his
best. Now as an adult, Patrick is rigid socially and devotes most of his energy to his
work. Consequently, his wife has threatened to leave him. Patrick is seeking counseling
in order to save his marriage. As a counselor, you recognize that his early childhood
rules
a. were impossible for him to escape and Patrick had no choice but to accept them.
b. need to be given up so that Patrick can mend his relationship with his wife.
c. can be transformed into something useful and functional.
d. were dysfunctional and he needs to confront his parents about their behavior
Of the following, the theory that has contributed the most to an understanding of the
role and meaning of death and the creative aspects of being alone and choosing for
oneself is
a. cognitive therapy.
b. reality therapy.
c. existential therapy.
d. psychoanalytic therapy.
Lynn, a school counselor trainee, mentioned to her supervisor that she has attended a
number of Native American cultural events in the community since a number of the
students she counsels are Native American. Lynn’s supervisor should
a. commend her for taking the initiative to learn about Native American culture and
make connections with potential resources in the community.
b. caution her to watch her boundaries and not become overly invested in the students’
lives outside of the school setting.
c. assume she is over-identifying with her Native American students, and consequently
paying less attention to her other students.
d. reprimand her for not requesting preapproval to attend the events.
Your orientation to the helping process is most largely a function of
a. your client population.
b. your beliefs about human nature and how people change.
c. the agency’s policies where you are employed.
d. the resistances your clients manifest.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning dual relationships?
a. Dual relationships are avoidable and always harmful.
b. Dual relationships challenge helpers to examine the motivations for their practice.
c. Few absolute answers can be applied in the resolutions of dual relationship dilemmas.
d. Before becoming involved in a dual relationship, it is good practice to seek
consultation from colleagues or a supervisor.
The perception or experiencing of an event or situation as an intolerable difficulty that
exceeds the person’s current resources and coping mechanisms is defined as
a. crises.
b. stress.
c. vicarious trauma.
d. burnout.
You are a counselor in a job training center and your next client arrives in a wheelchair.
She is quite frustrated about not being able to find a job since she got out of college and
believes that she is being discriminated against in the job market. It would be safe for
you to assume that
a. since she is physically disabled, she may also have emotional problems.
b. her goal of finding employment may be unrealistic.
c. her total dependence on others may be the factor that keeps her from finding a
suitable job.
d. her feelings of frustration are probably justified since she may be facing
discrimination, even if it is against the law.
The value of group work includes all of the following EXCEPT
a. universal human themeswillnotbe sharedor explored.
b. groups offer hope to members that a new kind of life is possible.
c. the caring and acceptance within a group can be a powerful healing force.
d. groups provide the opportunity for learning from the feedback of many others.
Regarding incest and child abuse, which of the following statements is true?
a. Practitioners have a legal, but not ethical, obligation to report child abuse.
b. Mandatory reporting laws are the same for all states.
c. Helpers are required to make a report only if they are certain that abuse has taken
place or is occurring presently.
d. A report should be filed once a helper has grounds for suspecting abuse.
All of the following are concepts associated with Adlerian therapy EXCEPT
a. consciousness is the center of personality.
b. social interest is the heart of therapy.
c. people are viewed as being creative, active, and decisional.
d. the WDEP model generates techniques for this theory.
Teaching participants some general guidelines of group functioning, teaching members
basic interpersonal skills, and assisting members to express their fears and expectations
are all group leadership functions during the
a. working stage.
b. transition stage.
c. initial stage.
d. final stage.
Becoming an ethical and effective helper in a multicultural society is
a. a continuing process, rather than a destination that we reach.
b. just about impossible because of the complex nature of helping diverse client
populations.
c. not realistic because of a lack of time.
d. likely to be achieved after taking one course in multicultural aspects of the helping
professions.
Which of the following is NOT a dimension the Coreys stress in their theoretical
approach?
a. Thinking
b. Feeling
c. Behaving or doing
d. Evidence-based practice
Under managed care programs, utilization review refers to all of the following
EXCEPT
a. the use of predefined criteria to evaluate treatment.
b. the appropriateness of therapeutic intervention.
c. therapy effectiveness.
d. abandoning clients.
Which of the following is an example of a demographic variable?
a. Socioeconomic background
b. Gender, age, and place of residence
c. Ethnicity and race
d. Religion
Poor ethical decisions often result from all of the following EXCEPT
a. an inability to view a situation objectively.
b. an inability to view a situation subjectively.
c. prejudices, biases, personal needs, or emotional investment in a situation.
d. emotions experienced while assessing the situation.
Jane arrives at each weekly counseling session with a disaster. She usually starts each
session with, “You won”t believe what happened to me this week” and continues with a
litany of woes. The most appropriate counselor response would be
a. “You need to examine the way you thrive on chaos.”
b. “You must feel overwhelmed by all those problems.”
c. “Why don”t you sit quietly for a moment and reflect on what is the one concern that
is most pressing to you at this time.”
d. “You need to look at the part you are playing in all these situations.”
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of a transference situation?
a. Clients who make you into something you are not
b. Clients who want information about the helping process
c. Clients who displace anger onto you
d. Clients who are not able to accept boundaries
Openly discussing race and ethnicity is one way to actively include a multicultural
element in counseling, and a way to strengthen the therapeutic alliance and promote
better therapeutic outcomes is referred to as
a. cultural tunnel vision.
b. broaching behavior.
c. stereotyping.
d. diversity.
Departures from commonly accepted practices that could potentially benefit clients are
referred to as
a. unethical boundaries.
b. boundary crossings.
c. boundary violations.
d. interpersonal boundaries.
Robert is working with a new client. He provides attention, active listening, and
empathy, while demonstrating respect and genuineness. In order to work effectively
with the client, Robert needs to start with the second stage of counseling which is to
a. identify the client’s problems.
b. select evidence-based practice strategies to solve a client’s presenting problem.
c. encourage the client to take action.
d. get a historical perspective on the client’s problems.
We continually relearn that it is important to talk with clients about what we think is
going on between us, which is known as the skill of
a. assessment.
b. diagnosis.
c. confirmatory bias.
d. immediacy.
Phyllis, a 35-year-old housewife and mother, has returned to college. Her educational
experiences have led her to broaden her view of sex roles, although she still feels
unsure of herself. Her counselor might conclude that her sex-role foundation is
confused and she may have not formed a healthy picture of appropriate feminine
behavior during her
a. middle childhood.
b. preschool age.
c. early childhood.
d. adolescence.
In regards to the “Inventory of Your Attitudes and Beliefs About Helping,” which of the
following subjects is NOT included in the assessment?
a. Visual pleasures
b. Personal traits
c. Key attribute
d. Ethical decision making