If a person becomes fixated in the oral stage of development, later personality problems
may include all of the following except:
a. rejecting others’ love.
b. fear of intimate relationships.
c. mistrust of others.
d. high self-esteem.
Which of the following is not true about role playing in REBT?
a. It is a way of surfacing unfinished business.
b. It involves emotional components.
c. It involves behavioral components.
d. It helps reveal irrational beliefs.
From the feminist perspective, the socialization of women with multiple social
identities inevitably affects all of the following, except:
a. engendered lives.
b. selfconcept.
c. goals and aspirations.
d. emotional wellbeing.
Which of the following Gestalt techniques involves asking one person in a group to
speak to each of the other group members?
a. The rehearsal exercise
b. The reversal technique
c. Making the rounds
d. The exaggeration technique
Therapists should not admit their mistakes since that could diminish their clients’
confidence in them.
a. True
b. False
ethics involves a level of ethical functioning at the minimum level of professional
practice.
a. Mandatory
b. Minimal
c. Positive
d. Aspirational
In regards to techniques, existential practitioners believe:
a. free association is essential to the growth and healing of the client.
b. no set of techniques is considered essential.
c. analysis of dysfunctional family patterns is imperative.
d. role playing is the most important technique used.
Which of the following statements is true about the relationship a client has with his or
her analyst?
a. The client is free to express any idea or feeling as long as it is not scandalous.
b. The analyst is free to engage in spontaneous self-expression if a client makes an
erroneous comment.
c. The client is free to express any idea or feeling, no matter how irresponsible,
scandalous, politically incorrect, selfish, or infantile.
d. The client is encouraged to use ‘solution talk” and avoid talking about problems.
A feature of REBT that distinguishes it from other cognitive-behavioral therapies is its:
a. use of the A-B-C theory in analyzing the client.
b. use of behavioral techniques.
c. applicability to group work.
d. process to identify and dispute irrational beliefs that have been acquired and
self-constructed and are now maintained by self-indoctrination.
Existential therapists prefer to be thought of as:
a. an observer-technician.
b. philosophical companions, not as people who repair psyches.
c. a teacher and coach.
d. an advocate for social change.
Glasser contends that_is a way that both therapist and client avoid being who they are
and owning what they are doing right now.
a. responsibility
b. questioning
c. transference
d. choice
Wubbolding believes all of the following encourage the client’s involvement in therapy
exceptfor:
a. appropriate use of humor.
b. attending behavior.
c. facilitative self-disclosure.
d. allowing the client to focus on symptoms.
Counselors from all cultural groups must examine their expectations, attitudes, biases,
and assumptions about the counseling process and about persons from diverse groups.
a. True
b. False
Maslow believed not enough research was being conducted on anxiety, hostility, and
neuroses and too much into joy, creativity, and self-fulfillment.
a. True
b. False
Behavior therapy is based on:
a. an experimental analysis of behavior in the client’s own social environment.
b. a systematic set of concepts.
c. a well-developed theory of personality.
d. the principle of self-actualization.
A statement that best illustrates “bad faith” is:
a. Naturally I”m this way, because I grew up in an alcoholic family.
b. I will not consider others in the choices I make.
c. I must live by commitments I make.
d. I am responsible for the choices that I make.
According to existential thinking, effective therapy does not stop with awareness, for
clients are challenged to take action based on their insights.
a. True
b. False
During the 1980s, behavior therapy:
a. continued without growing.
b. was characterized by a search for new horizons in concepts and methods that went
beyond traditional learning theory.
c. adopted a stronger medical perspective.
d. realized applying behavior therapy principles to prevention of disease and illness
would not be beneficial.
What is the correct sequence of the psychosexual stages?
a. Anal/phallic/latency/genital/oral
b. Oral/anal/phallic/latency/genital
c. Oral/anal/latency/genital/phallic
d. Latency/oral/anal/phallic/genital
Which of the following statements is nottrue about Alfred Adler?
a. He created child guidance clinics.
b. His early childhood was happy.
c. He worked with Freud for at least eight years.
d. He had much to say about child-rearing practices.
One of the techniques used by behavior therapists in dealing with a client’s anxiety is:
a. the miracle question.
b. encouragement.
c. externalizing the problem.
d. systematic desensitization.
According to Carl Rogers, personality change occurs only when clients develop insight
into the origin of their personality problems.
a. True
b. False
Finding the “courage to be” involves:
a. confronting a specific phobia.
b. learning to be alone.
c. discarding old values.
d. developing a will to move forward in spite of anxietyproducing situations.
An Adlerian therapist would:
a. maintain an aloof stance.
b. establish a cooperative relationship based on equality.
c. take the role of expert.
d. take the role of a friendly parent.
In the existential framework, inaction is a decision.
a. True
b. False
In the existential approach, techniques are primary, while subjective understanding of
clients is secondary.
a. True
b. False
The factorsthe alliance, the relationship, the personal and interpersonal skills of the
therapist, client agency, and extratherapeutic factorsare the primary determinants of
therapeutic outcome.
a. logistical
b. contextual
c. psychodynamic
d. technical
Which of the following therapies is based on a growth model and is applicable to such
varied spheres of life as child guidance, parent-child counseling, and marital and family
therapy?
a. Psychoanalytic therapy
b. Behavioral therapy
c. Cognitive behavior therapy
d. Adlerian therapy
When a client recognizes he or she has a choice describes which stage of Miriam
Polster’s threestage integration sequence?
a. Discovery
b. Accommodation
c. Assimilation
d. Retroflection
Like all marginalized groups, women are:
a. superior.
b. sexist.
c. biracial.
d. bicultural.
B. F. Skinner is associated with which of the following trends in the behavioral
approach?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Multimodal therapy
d. Dialectical behavior therapy
A limitation of the postmodern approaches is:
a. therapists require extensive training in providing brief therapy.
b. inexperienced therapists may over rely on techniques and appear mechanistic.
c. the use of open-ended questioning.
d. its lack of applicability to group counseling.
The main function of the rational emotive behavior therapist is to:
a. become an “existential partner” with the client.
b. create a climate of safety and freedom from threat.
c. reveal irrational disputes, and help clients change their thinking and philosophy of
life.
d. encourage the client to experience fully the here-and-now.
The creation of the self, which dominated the modernist search for human essence and
truth:
a. is being replaced by postmodernists with the concept of socially storied lives.
b. is also a key concept of the postmodern approaches.
c. is more relevant in the narrative approach than it is in solution-oriented therapy.
d. has proven to be completely irrelevant to all counselors and therapists practicing
today.