Chan Le is a probation officer who is employed through the state he resides within.
Chan Le has an extremely large caseload and oftentimes gets overwhelmed by the
requirements of his job. In the middle of the night, Chan Le is called out to respond to
one of his new clients, who has been caught shoplifting a small amount of merchandise
from a local department store. This client just failed a drug test two days prior to this
event.
Chan Le’s client, most likely, has a ______ rate of recidivism than if he had been
incarcerated.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. equal
d. slightly increased
Warden Campbell is having a difficult time recruiting qualified correctional officers. He
has also had a difficult time maintaining job satisfaction with his current employees. He
is working with other Wardens within the state to review possible incentives for all
correctional staff. He has found that there is a huge shortage of staff that would be
considered minorities including women.
What is the average percentage of inmates that are involved in a gang in Officer Meek’s
prison?
a. 15
b. 19
c. 24
d. 28
Which of the following is TRUE about the insanity defense?
a. many criminals escape punishment using the insanity defense
b. criminals never use the insanity defense
c. the insanity defense is rarely used by criminals
d. the American criminal system has banned the use of the insanity defense
During the professional policing era, the Progressives were mainly upper-middle class
educated Americans.
a. True
b. False
What is the most common method of selection for the job of county prosecutor?
a. merit selection
b. appointed
c. elected
d. volunteer
When can home confinement be used in the criminal justice system?
a. during the pretrial period
b. after a short term in jail or prison
c. as a condition of probation
d. as a condition of parole
Dominic is currently a successful high school teacher. When Dominic was 17 years old
he was recruited by a gang. He joined the gang in order to establish a sense of
belonging. Dominic went through the initiation process when he found out that his last
“duty” was to rob a local gas station at gunpoint. Dominic went into the store, but
readily noticed that his old high school football coach was standing in line to check out.
Dominic went up to the coach, who he has always had a special relationship with, and
told him what he just about to do. The coach immediately was able to get Dominic
assistance to get out of the gang. He was able to attend a different school in a different
county, which eventually lead to a college degree. Dominic always wonders what would
have happened if he had ventured deeper in the gang style.
Dominic participated in crime as a teen, but was able to go on and make a successful
life for himself. Which theory would Dominic’s case best support?
a. psychological theory
b. life course theory
c. sociological theory
d. gender theory
If a person is growing marijuana in plain sight, a police officer does not need a warrant
to search and seize the evidence.
a. True
b. False
The criterion for deciding if evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest is called
probable cause.
a. True
b. False
Trial courts of limited jurisdiction have jurisdiction over all offenses, including felonies
and appeals.
a. True
b. False
An example of an occupational crime is
a. Murder
b. Espionage
c. drug sales
d. price fixing
In most states, the following people are allowed to attend parole hearings:
a. board members
b. the inmate
c. correctional officers
d. Board members, the inmate, and correctional officers are all allowed to attend
The United States Supreme Court ruled that home confinement violates the right to
privacy.
a. True
b. False
Most cases are handled by criminal lawyers who must quickly process a large volume
of cases for small fees.
a. True
b. False
Jenna works for the Innocence Project. She is currently working on a case where her
client states that she was wrongly convicted. Jenna has been reviewing the court
transcripts and has determine that the prosecutor seems to have withheld information
that was pertinent to the case. Jenna’s client was sentenced to a 20 year sentence for
murder. She has reduced that sentence by participating in programs and her positive
behavior.
Jenna’s client as given an incarceration rate of twenty years. She was most likely
sentenced under ________.
a. indeterminate sentencing
b. determinate sentencing
c. presumptive sentencing
d. mandatory sentencing
Which of the following statements BEST explains the goals of the criminal justice
system?
a. the actions of citizens taking simple precautions cannot prevent crime
b. efforts to control crime allow police to go beyond the law
c. decisions must be made that reflect legal, social, political, and moral values of
society
d. all of these are true
Which of the following is not a characteristic that applies to a law enforcement officer?
a. training is required
b. pay scales are high
c. physical fitness standards must be met
d. recruits must lack a criminal record
Internal affairs maintains a formal process for citizens to file complaints.
a. True
b. False
Highly publicized cases of women receiving injuries in the presence of police showed
that
a. police should become less involved with matters of domestic violence
b. police should maintain existing policies in regard to matters of domestic violence
c. domestic violence should be handled privately
d. domestic violence is not a serious problem in America
Jeff frequently visits the local bar on his way home from his second shift factory job.
He and his coworkers will often have a beer or two before going home for the night.
Jeff and his friends are anxious to arrive to the bar on this particular night due to his
favorite NFL team playing. He hopes they will arrive to view the fourth quarter of the
game. As he enters the bar, he notes a group of noisy, obnoxious rival fans that had one
too many drinks. Jeff ask the group to quiet down so he could hear the game. He was
immediately approached by the members of the group asking if they wanted to make an
issue of the game. Before Jeff could answer, one member of the group throws a punch.
Within minutes, a full bar brawl has ensued. Jeff ends up with a fractured skull, which
has resulted in brain damage.
Jeff will receive assistance from a volunteer agency which helps to navigate the court
system. Such a group is often referred to as ________.
a. inmate assistance program
b. legal aid assistance program
c. offender assistance program
d. victim assistance program
In Roper v. Simmons, the Supreme Court decided that juveniles were less culpable than
adults due to developmental and maturity differences.
a. True
b. False
In the case of United States v. Salerno and Cafero(1987), the Supreme Court decided
that:
a. the use of preventive detention was constitutional
b. the use of preventive detention violates offenders’ constitutional rights
c. the use of preventive detention was detrimental to offenders at trial
d. the use of preventive detention was racially biased
The three lines of staff in a prison are
a. custody, work, and treatment
b. custody, work, and safety
c. custody, treatment, and safety
d. treatment, safety, and rewards
Sentencing guidelines provide :
a. judges with guidance of incarcerated felons
b. the corrections officers with discretion on incarcerating felons
c. police officers with discretionary power for arrests
d. prosecutors with guidance on plea bargaining cases
Close cooperation between prosecutors and police is automatic in every case because of
their similar views of crime and the fact that they work for the same sponsoring
organization.
a. True
b. False
Throughout most of the twentieth century, the number of persons incarcerated had
either declined or remained stable.
a. True
b. False
Police officers are expected to use what type of force?
a. corporal punishment
b. Discretionary
c. legitimate and reasonable
d. Military
When police arrest subway fare beaters, loiterers, and panhandlers, they are focusing on
a. quality-of-life crimes
b. quantity-of-arrest crimes
c. common law crimes
d. mens rea crimes
Plea bargaining was ruled unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court but it is
still practiced informally.
a. True
b. False
Upon which of the following principles should bail decisions be made?
a. accused offenders are entitled to release on their own recognizance
b. non-financial alternatives to bail should be avoided at all costs
c. reasons for bail decisions must not be made known to the parties involved
d. review of bail determinations can be made sporadically
Ryan is a district attorney in a small community. Ryan’s best friend, Eric, happens to
work in the public defender’s office. Both Ryan and Eric have a meeting tomorrow
morning with the superior court judge to discuss a case involving a sexual assault. The
victim in the case would prefer not to testify in this case. Luckily, Ryan and Eric have a
wonderful working relationship with the judge in this case. Both gentlemen are actually
looking forward to coming to an arrangement in this case and having lunch afterward
with the judge.
The arrangement that Ryan, Eric, and the judge are meeting to work on is a
__________.
a. condition of probation
b. parole meeting
c. injunction
d. plea bargain
Which amendment protects privacy by barring unreasonable searches by police?
a. Third
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. Sixth
We often think of the prosecutor and defense attorney as “adversaries” in the courtroom.
What benefits might we see if they work together as a team to process criminal cases?
Explain the inevitable discovery exception as it relates to Nix v. Williams (1984).
Explain the appellate process within criminal courts. What are the judges searching for?
Do witnesses testify?
Chief Justice ___________established the Miranda warnings.
Why have criminologists had difficulty explaining the rise in youth crime that peaked in
1993?
Learning informal practices as well as formal rules is the process of __________.
Agencies increasingly require recruits to undergo ________, because each officer will
ultimately make important discretionary decisions, including those that may determine
life and death in stressful situations.
During a traffic stop officers can order passengers as well as the driver to exit the
vehicle even if there is no basis for _______ that the passengers engaged in any
wrongdoing.
The Director of the FBI from 1924-1972 who was responsible for its prominence was
_____________.
Behavior that can cause trouble and conflict with staff and other prisoners is called the
___________.
Information is made available by prosecutors to defense attorneys during the
______________process.
Explain the role of the prosecutor to that of the law enforcement they work with on a
day to day basis within the system.
The Supreme Court ruled in 1993 that the forfeiture of property related to a criminal
case can be analyzed for possible violation of the _______clause.
In ____________________ v. ____________________ , the Supreme Court ruled that
probationers have the right to an attorney.
Some have argued that offenses that are mala prohibita should be illegal because they
lead to crimes considered to be mala in se. Give an example of one type of crime that
can lead to another. Which type of crime should we be more worried about?
The United States Supreme Court ruled in _____ v. _______ that school officials may
search a student if reasonable suspicion exists.
An officer who lies, under oath, in order to provide an alibi for a fellow officer engaged
in illegal activity, is guilty of _____________.