Individuals are not always the basic building blocks in societies.
Each suicide is idiosyncratic, and there are no absolute or universal characteristics
which portray all suicides.
The first suicide intervention program in the United States was created over a hundred
years ago.
Owning feeling is probably more important in crisis intervention because of the need to
be directive.
Most crisis is complex.
AIDS may be defined as a disease of crisis events.
The NOVA model is an example of governmental efforts to develop proactive and
preventive strategies for crises.
One of the major reasons for PTSD counseling groups is to let the members cathart
about their experiences and thus get rid of the bad memories.
The Taiwanese students in Heppner’s study have very different coping strategies than
their American counterparts.
Silence is also golden at times in crisis counseling.
Adolescent suicidal ideation that is impulsive is treated much the same way as a
depressed adolescent who is suicidal.
An important aspect of listening is to respond in ways that let the client know that the
worker is hearing both the content and underlying emotional content.
Enticement and entrapment are no longer used by child molesters in favor of threats and
coercion.
Close-ended questions in crisis intervention are generally inappropriate.
Because conflict occurs more online than in face-to-face intervention communication
constantly needs to be clarified.
Besides their mental health problems, the mentally ill tend to be big abusers of alcohol
and drugs.
Pearlman and Saakvitne believe that, contrary to universal admonitions against
countertransference, it is a necessary evil when working with trauma victims.
The NOVA model of crisis intervention in schools should be one of the first things done
when a crisis occurs.
Understanding crisis is usually fast, simple, and uncomplicated.
Confronting an adolescent who is impulsively contemplating suicide with graphic
images of death and its finality is an appropriate intervention technique.
Schools are generally very safe places to be.
Support systems are so critical that they are used in much the same way no matter what
the cultural background of the client is.
Open ended questions are designed to encourage clients to respond with fuller, more
meaningful responses.
There is little reason to believe that the war in Iraq will produce the same kinds of
PTSD casualties among US soldiers as did the war in Vietnam.
A major criticism of current multicultural practices is that current cultural competency
practices are too exclusive and are backed by little research.
Police typically spend about half their time on maintaining order rather than fighting
crime.
Suicidal clients may emit behavioral clues which range from purchasing a grave marker
for themselves to slashing their wrists as a “practice run.”
When dealing with potential violence or self-destructive behavior in schools it is legally
better to be consistently wrong than inconsistently right.
At about one year the chronosystem predicts that a pathogenic shift will occur.
Human service workers who do crisis work experience negative effects more than other
types of human service workers.
While court-mandated treatment programs have been mandated for batterers, there is
little evidence that they work to reduce violence.
The assessment device(s) used to ascertain the degree of burnout in an agency might be
a. the 16 Personality Factor.
b. the California Psychological Inventory.
c. the Moos Work Environment Scale.
d. Both a and b are useful assessment devices.
Relational markers are
a. stop signs for reflective statements.
b. points to remember to make restatements.
c. shorten the psychological distance between the worker and the client.
d. owning statements that help bond the relationship.
Regardless of the age of parents or children, the death of a child is always a major loss
that is affected by
a. parental anger and denial.
b. the child’s age, suddenness of death, circumstances of death, and the family situation.
c. cultural dynamics.
d. All of the above are major factors in parental grief.
An effective way of counteracting burnout would be to
a. promote devotion to more leisure time activities.
b. confront the problem with specific work tasks.
c. teach better coping skills.
d. shift jobs.
It is of utmost importance that the recruitment, screening, orientation, training,
evaluation, and retention of crisis workers deal with the reality of
a. learning the basic communication skills of the residents of the areas they are serving.
b. a multicultural clientele.
c. transcrisis states and points.
d. having coursework in high /low context communication tactics.
The “who told you?” technique is used on Jane by the worker to
a. point out how she deludes herself.
b. give her a rationale for starting new behaviors that lead to compassion satisfaction.
c. as a way of safely projecting her anger onto significant others through the
countertransference phenomenon.
d. All of the above are good reasons the technique is used.
There is a great deal of psychophysiological assessment evidence that indicates that
stimulus presentation of sights, sounds, and smells associated with the long-past
traumatic event in PTSD sufferers may cause
a. hypervigilence.
b. physiological responses such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, triglycerides,
and cholesterol levels, and decreased blood flow to the extremities.
c. higher outputs of impulsive behavior.
d. denial/numbing during the recovery phase of treatment.
The Reasons for Living Scale is different than other lethality scales in that
a. it focuses only on homicidal ideation.
b. it poses questions about why people would not kill themselves.
c. a faster visual assessment form than the Triage scale.
d. it is a highly reliable predictor of the who, when, where ,how and why of lethal
behavior.
The original principal physical technique of an EMDR therapist is
a. rapid hand movements called saccades.
b. deep muscle massage called rolfing.
c. body manipulation called kinesthetics.
d. no physical movements are made, only imagery is used.
Typical CIT training includes learning all of the following except
a. psychotropic medications and their side effects.
b. fishbowl discussions with the mentally ill.
c. DSM-IV diagnoses.
d. family and consumer perspectives.
Regarding the suppression phase in which an attempt is made to keep secret the child
sexual abuser’s molestation, the suppression may be attempted by
a. the abuser.
b. the child’s parents or family members.
c. professionals, the institution, or the community.
d. suppression may be attempted by any or all of the above.
It appears that for veterans, PTSD may arise later in life than previously suspected
because
a. a decline in physical and mental capabilities compound the potential for PTSD.
b. social support systems die off.
c. of financial hardships.
d. All of the above compound PTSD.
Displacement is a defense mechanism that
a. vents hostility on an undeserving person or object.
b. allows the person to retreat to a fantasy world.
c. attributes one’s own motives to others.
d. plays down the seriousness of the situation.
On the TASSLE observations checklist
a. there is a lethality column.
b. a default system that addresses whether supportive or protective services should be
recommended.
c. there is a type of counseling services to be provided column.
d. both a and b are provided.
Immediately after their release hostages should be
a. allowed to rest and obtain food and drink.
b. given psychotropic medication to calm them down while they are debriefed.
c. carefully allowed to be interviewed by the media so that catharsis may occur.
d. told who their hostage takers were so the Stockholm syndrome can be extinguished.
Factors contributing to increased violence against human service workers are increased
a. numbers of drug abusing clients.
b. numbers of hyperactive, attention deficit disordered clients.
c. ghetto populations.
d. All of the above contribute to violence.
Which of the following statements are good netiquette for a worker to practice? .
a. Don”t worry about typos. Get the message and get it out fast. This is a crisis!
b. If you don”t understand an acronym, be patient. You”ll figure it out and you won”t
look stupid or offend the client.
c. Choose a font style that lets the client get a glimpse of your personality so you come
across as more human.
d. Brevity in your responses is a good thing, so use standard, clear, counseling
responses.
Loss through separation and divorce
a. is correlated with major mental problems.
b. can be healing and constructive.
c. even if desired, may be filled with a sense of frustration, loss, and mourning.
d. all of the above depict issues relating to separation and divorce.
Which of the following negotiator statements would seem best for an inadequate-type
hostage taker?
a. “Face it, this is another in a long line of screw-ups, do you want to wind up dead over
it? Because that’s a high probability if you don’t come out now.”
b. “You seem really frustrated, could it be that overall, life hasn’t treated you very
well?”
c. “I understand you’re an important man and you want the world to know it. I believe I
can get you an appointment with the mayor, but I’ll need for you to set some meeting
times.”
d. “It seems like you’re really upset about something. Is this usually how you handle
being upset?”
Successful crisis work may be described as
a. curing long term pathology.
b. successfully resolving long-standing trauma.
c. both a and b.
d. tapping into the client’s reservoir of resiliency.
Disenfranchised grief occurs
a. only in illicit, “forbidden” relationships.
b. when a loss is experienced and it cannot be openly acknowledged
c. when the person doesn”t acknowledge it to him- or herself.
d. when the person doesn”t acknowledge it to the deceased.
Of the following statements, which would be most true about current gang membership
in the United States?
a. Gangs operate mainly in bigger cities.
b. Most gangs have national affiliations.
c. Gangs are composed mainly of ethnic minorities.
d. Gangs come from all geographic locales, all socioeconomic classes, and all
ethnicities.
In assessing for potential violence, the admissions worker in an institution should first
a. make a fast visual assessment of the client.
b. give the client a battery of psychological tests.
c. ask the client what the problem is.
d. obtain biographical data.
A somewhat controversial treatment method for PTSD requires the client to maintain
awareness of one or more of (1) an image of the memory, (2) a negative self-statement
or assessment of the trauma, (3) the physical feelings of the anxiety-provoking event.
What is this particular treatment method called?
a. flooding
b. EMDR
c. thought stopping
d. CISD
Of the following, which is not a major reason for community mental health centers’
decrease in service to the chronically mentally ill? (p. 96 -99)
a. Their inability to pay or get insurance coverage by gatekeeping HMO’s.
b. De-emphasis of these low functioning individuals by the mental health clinics and a
move toward more “normal” clients.
c. An inability to find qualified numbers of therapists to staff such clinics for such
difficult clients.
d. More chronic mentally ill individuals are being returned to the community due to
funding cutbacks at state hospitals and prisons.
Promoting expansion means
a. to have clients engage in a number of plans.
b. supporting clients as they attack multiple facets of the problem.
c. opening up clients tunnel vision in regard to the problem.
d. All of the above
The Tarasoff case resulted in judicial findings important to crisis workers because of
a. confidentiality and duty-to warn issues.
b. long-term therapy versus crisis case handling.
c. reliability and use of the Triage Assessment Scale.
d. implications of verbal and nonverbal threats by the client.
A salutogenic shift on a crisis chronosystem means that
a. people have mourned their losses and are starting to rebuild their lives with renewed
hope.
b. people are becoming more prone to transcrisis events.
c. people are more prone to have ASD turn into PTSD.
d. salutogenic shifts occur only with systems and not individuals.
In attempting to persuade the hostage taker to give up, the negotiator should
a. never agree with any of the hostage taker’s ideas.
b. ask about the health and well-being of the hostages to deflect the hostage taker from
his or her demands.
c. at some point use closed questions to force “yes’ and “no” answers.
d. bring friends or relatives to the scene to help in negotiating.
Extensive reviews of the characteristics of battered women reveal that the only common
characteristic was that the women had
a. codependent personalities.
b. witnessed or been victims of personal violence as children.
c. a history of emotional/ psychological instability.
d. specific personality profiles on personality tests that typed them as dependent and
other-controlled.
Of the following drugs, which has been associated with more than half the violence in
Emergency Rooms?
a. alcohol.
b. barbiturates.
c. cocaine and crack.
d. amphetamines.
Of the following members of a school CRT, who does not belong?
a. crisis intervention coordinator.
b. crisis response coordinator.
c. media liaison
d. memorial director
Of the following phases of recovery in PTSD, which does not belong?
a. The calm, tranquil “before the storm” phase.
b. The emotional numbing phase.
c. The intrusive-repetitive phase.
d. The reflective-transition phase.
A batterer’s psychological factors have all but which one of the following
characteristics?
a. Possessiveness with rigid rules for everyone in the family.
b. Poor communication skills.
c. Unrealistic expectations of spouse.
d. Actively and aggressively confront personal problems.