Which layer of the criminal justice “wedding cake” involves celebrated cases resulting
in a jury trial that are highly unusual with great public attention?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
The elements of a crime are
a. actus reus, inchoate defense, and concurrence.
b. mens rea, inchoate defense, and punishment.
c. attendant circumstances, mens rea, and actus reus.
d. actus reus, causation, and inchoate defense.
The phrase that distinguishes murder from nonnegligent manslaughter is
a. parens patriae.
b. mala prohibita.
c. In re Gault.
d. malice aforethought.
Which of the following are not subject to deportation if arrested?
a. Illegal immigrants
b. Sentenced illegal immigrants
c. Sentenced legal immigrants
d. The dependents of illegal immigrants
Close cooperation between prosecutors and the police is automatic in every case
because of their similar views of crime and the fact that they work for the same
sponsoring organization.
a. True
b. False
Prosecutors who purport to ban plea bargaining often do not acknowledge that
exceptions exist and that charge bargaining and other negotiated resolutions continue to
occur.
a. True
b. False
During the professional policing era, the Progressives were mainly upper-middle-class
educated Americans.
a. True
b. False
Sarah is the responding officer at a domestic violence call. Upon arrival she is informed
by the female of the home that her ex-husband has violated a protective order and
entered her home. He held a gun to her head and threatened to kill her if she did not
allow him to move back into the home with her. There are two children in the home,
and the suspect has left the scene. This is the fourth time Sarah has responded to this
call in the last 2 months.
Sarah must determine how to apply the law to this domestic call. Should she refer the
woman to a social service agency or should she actively look for the suspect who
violated the protection order? Trying to make the proper decision in this situation is
known as
a. discretion.
b. judgment.
c. experience.
d. protocol.
Sean works with the U.S. government in combating terrorism. His sole objective is to
prevent another September 11 catastrophe from happening on the U.S. soil. He works
with various state and federal agencies not only in trying to protect Americans from the
threat of terrorism, but also in trying to safeguard protected constitutional rights from
unneeded intrusions. Sean works to fight both domestic and international terrorism.
Sean feels that his job of protecting constitutional rights is just as important as
preventing another terrorist event. Which piece of legislation has the potential to
infringe on the rights of citizens in regard to searches and surveillance?
a. The Patriot Act
b. The Bauer Act
c. The Vigilante Act
d. The Counter Terrorism Surveillance Act
Who created the theory of differential association?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. James Q. Wilson
c. Cesare Lombroso
d. Edwin Sutherland
The Fifth Amendment provides protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.
a. True
b. False
Gender does not affect sentencing decisions.
a. True
b. False
The model of corrections that emphasizes maintaining the offender’s ties to the family
and community as a method of reform is called the _____ model.
a. custodial
b. rehabilitation
c. reintegration
d. family
Christian is a 20-year-old African American male. He plays football for a Division I
college and has a 4.0 GPA. Christian hopes to enter dental school at the completion of
his undergraduate studies. Walking home late at night from the gym, campus security
comes up behind him and demands to know what he is doing. Christian states that he is
on his way back to his dorm. Campus security places him in handcuffs and says that he
is under arrest for breaking and entering due to a recent report of a break-in with a
suspect matching his description. Christian does not resist this arrest and hopes he can
clarify the facts once they are at the station.
This case may be seen as an example of the criminal justice system failing in which
aspect?
a. racism.
b. racial profiling.
c. discrimination.
d. equal treatment
The penitentiary system that developed in ________kept inmates in isolation from other
inmates.
a. Boston, Massachusetts,
b. Pennsylvania,
c. Elmira, New York,
d. Virginia,
In the early parole system in the United States, prisoners were released on parole when
a. their sentences expired.
b. the prisons became full.
c. the victims consented to their release.
d. their conduct showed they were ready to return.
What are the two roles played by parole officers?
a. Cop and minister
b. Warden and cop
c. Cop and social worker
d. Warden and therapist
The Justice for All Act of 2004 created legislative guarantees of victim rights in eight
different categories.
a. True
b. False
Which has not had a significant impact on the juvenile justice system?
a. Tough-on-crime policies.
b. Drug use.
c. Youth gangs.
d. Deteriorating social and economic conditions.
Prosecutors’ relationships and interactions with police, victims, defense attorneys,
judges, and the community form the core of the _______ relations that shape decision
making in criminal cases.
a. exchange
b. casual
c. discretionary
d. decisions-making
Internal Affairs maintains a formal process for citizens to file complaints.
a. True
b. False
The right to a trial by jury is guaranteed by the
a. Fourth Amendment.
b. Fifth Amendment.
c. Sixth Amendment.
d. Seventh Amendment.
Which is not a function of the parole officer as social worker?
a. Help the parolee find a job and restore family ties.
b. Channel parolees to social agencies where they can obtain help.
c. Lead prayer meetings and church socials.
d. Develop a relationship with the parolee.
During day-to day encounters with police officers, citizens respond most positively to
which officer characteristic?
a. Badge
b. Handcuffs
c. Demeanor
d. Nightstick
Truth in sentencing guidelines are laws that require offenders to serve 85% of their
sentences.
a. True
b. False
Political crimes committed against the government are often ideologically driven.
a. True
b. False
Warden Campbell is having a difficult time recruiting qualified correctional officers. He
has also had a difficult time maintaining job satisfaction among his current employees.
He is working with other wardens within the state to review possible incentives for all
correctional staff. He has found that there is a huge shortage of staff members who
would be considered minorities, including women.
Approximately ______ of Warden Campbell’s staff are likely considered minorities.
a. 15%
b. 20%
c. 25%
d. 30%
Which statement about offenses committed by juveniles is accurate?
a. The offenses committed by juveniles are mostly violations of state law.
b. The offenses committed by juveniles are mostly violations of federal law.
c. The offenses committed by juveniles are equal in terms of violations of federal and
state laws.
d. The offenses committed by juveniles are mostly violations of municipal law.
What is known about polygraph, or “lie detector,” tests?
a. They are always accurate.
b. They are unreliable.
c. They are always inaccurate.
d. Police never use such tests.
Plea bargaining benefits everyone involved, including the prosecutor.
a. True
b. False
Increasing restrictions on parolees also affects their families and communities.
a. True
b. False
Which intermediate sanction is not administered by courts?
a. Boot camps
b. Fines
c. Restitution
d. Forfeiture
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of community prosecution. Do you believe
the general public be in support of this style of justice in their neighborhoods? Defend
your position.
The textbook noted that increasingly large percentages of inmates have committed drug
crimes. Why do you think this has occurred, and what affect might it have on reentry
issues?
The separate judicial structure for each state in addition to a national structure creates
a(n) ____________________ system.
Probation can end when the probationer status is _____because of misbehavior.
Why do individuals who live in lower socioeconomic conditions have higher rates of
crime and are also more likely to become victims of crime?
_________ centers run by states and large cities analyze and facilitate sharing of
information to assist law enforcement and homeland security agencies in preventing
and responding to crime and terrorism threats.
Discuss the day-to-day reality of criminal defense work in the United States.
____________________ stress is produced by the paramilitary character of police
forces.
The amount of money specified by a judge to be paid as a condition of pretrial release is
called ____________________.
Imagine that you are a prison warden and it is your responsibility is to hire and retain a
competent correctional staff. What methods would you use to recruit new hires and
what incentives would you guarantee your current employees to keep them on staff?
The _____ period of juvenile justice viewed the offending child as evil.
How does isolation help to define the police officer’s working personality?
If a police officer demands that a business purchase tickets to a police function, and
implies that the business will experience some type of negative action if the tickets are
not purchased, this is called ___________.
Based on case law, to what extent should school officials be permitted to conduct strip
searches on students?
The Supreme Court ruled in 1993 that the forfeiture of property related to a criminal
case can be analyzed for possible violation of the _______ clause.
How does the use of technology within the community benefit both the community and
police departments in combating crime?
The values and norms shared by the court community are referred to as the _______.