According to researchers, counselor’s personal religious values:
a. do not affect the therapeutic relationship.
b. only affect the therapeutic relationship when discussing spiritual issues.
c. should be ignored at all times.
d. may affect their therapeutic work, directly or indirectly, with clients presenting with
end-of-life issues.
Continuing professional education is important because:
a. the continuing education schools are in need of the income.
b. some practitioners did not receive the information in their educational program; until
they attend continuing education programs, they cannot be held responsible for their
actions.
c. a practitioner’s level of competence may diminish over time; changes in laws
pertaining to mental health,
evolving ethical standards, and new trends in professional and evidence-based practices
continue to be made.
d. the information they reveal has never been shared in academic programs before.
In dealing with clients who hold different values, you are advised to:
a. work collaboratively to identify and clarify their value system and determine the
degree to which they are living in accordance with their core beliefs and values.
b. persuade them to adopt your values.
c. persuade them to adopt the values of the counseling profession, which are based on
the Judeo-Christian tradition.
d. forget about your own values temporarily.
Practitioners who favor the use of diagnostic procedures argue that such procedures
enable the therapists to:
a. attach a label to the client, which stigmatizes them.
b. identify a diagnosis that will follow the client for the rest of their life, possibly
keeping them from being accepted by any future insurance company.
c. identify a particular emotional or behavioral disorder, which helps in designing an
appropriate treatment plan.
d. pick and choose which symptoms truly fit the client’s problems in order to create a
diagnosis that will
e reimbursed by insurance and remain on the client’s record for possible future problem
s.
Maria, a Mexican American woman, will live with her parents until she marries. A
culturally competent and sensitive counselor will understand that:
a. Maria’s parents are enmeshed in her life.
b. Maria is afraid to live alone.
c. Maria must move out of her parents home if she wants to truly be a healthy
individual.
d. this may be a result of gender-role expectations in Maria’s family and not
enmeshment.
Which of the statements below is TRUE about the informed consent process in groups?
a. There is no such thing as providing too much information to group members at one
time.
b. Experienced group members have the responsibility of ensuring that new members
become aware of their rights and responsibilities as group participants.
c. Clients should be informed at the outset that informed consent is an ongoing process
and that various aspects of the consent process may need to be revisited at different
stages of a group.
d. A very lengthy informed consent process that emphasizes the legalistic aspects of
group work is ideal.
______________influences every facet of our existence, so it is essential that culturally
responsive practice be central in all that we do.
a. Oppression
b. Stereotypes
c. Racism
d. Culture
A common reaction of therapists who realize that they have sexual feelings towards
their clients is to:
a. feel angry at themselves.
b. speak openly about the matter to the client.
c. investigate to see if the client feels the same.
d. feel guilty, anxious, and confused.
___________is the process whereby clients place past feelings or attitudes they had
toward significant people in their lives onto their therapist.
a. Transference
b. Countertransference
c. Projection
d. Mirroring
Group workers must remain current and increase their knowledge and skills through
specific activities. These include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. continuing education.
b. watching the news every day for global information.
c. participation in various personal and professional development activities.
d. supervision.
The Death with Dignity Act is a law in which state?
a. New York
b. Texas
c. Oregon
d. California
Privileged communication does NOT apply in cases of:
a. clients’ disclosures of personal and sensitive information.
b. child abuse and neglect.
c. unfaithfulness in one or both partners in couple’s therapy.
d. legal proceedings where the therapist is asked to produce a client’s records in court.
Records are:
a. vital to review the course of treatment. The manner in which you document treatment
is likely to determine the outcome of the case.
b. important; however, the legal system does not expect a therapist to spend hours
documenting treatment.
c. only important during legal proceedings.
d. necessary in order to diagnose suicidal or homicidal clients only.
Which of the following factors is NOT a best predictor of treatment outcome?
a. The client’s motivation
b. Severity of the client’s symptoms
c. The client-therapist relationship
d. Cost
To succeed in a malpractice claim, the plaintiff needs to show that a breach of duty did
exist in which:
a. the practitioner failed to foresee the client’s intention to commit suicide despite
warning signs that the client was decompensating and/or the practitioner failed to
provide the appropriate standard of care.
b. the client failed to get better in spite of reasonable care.
c. there was no professional relationship between therapist and client.
d. the client was explained informed consent in detail and the therapist practiced within
his or her scope of capacity.
Cathy is an eating disorders specialist who has a past history of bulimia. Given her
personal experiences with dysfunctional eating patterns, Cathy:
a. can draw upon her life experiences in her work as a counselor.
b. should abandon her specialization and choose a new area to specialize in so as to
practice ethically.
c. should assume that her clients developed their dysfunctional eating patterns for the
same reasons that she developed bulimia.
d. should be very open with her clients about her struggles with bulimia and tell them
her own stories to make them feel more comfortable.
Which of the following statements is true with regard to ethical codes?
a. Issues can be handled solely by relying on ethics codes.
b. Conflicts sometimes emerge within ethics codes and among various organizations’
codes.
c. Ethics codes tend to be proactive rather than reactive.
d. Codes do not conflict with institutional policies and practices.
The basic standard of care for school counselors is clear; courts have uniformly held
that:
a. school personnel should not breach confidentiality at any time.
b. school personnel have a duty to protect students from foreseeable harm.
c. school personnel have a duty to protect students if confidentiality is not at risk.
d. school personnel must release any and all information regarding students to faculty
and parents.
________________ moves beyond cultural awareness and focuses on active support
and advocacy, including promoting equality and justice for underserved and oppressed
groups of people.
a. Social justice
b. Cultural pluralism
c. Color blindness
d. Cultural tunnel vision
When considering administrating or interpreting testing, in order to increase the
likelihood you are practicing in a culturally sensitive manner, it is important to pay
attention to all of the following points EXCEPT:
a. be familiar with any test you use, preferably taking it yourself first.
b. know the standards pertaining to testing in your professions’ codes of ethics.
c. select, with your client’s help, appropriate tests while keeping in mind cultural issues
with testing.
d. give clients the test scores only, suggesting they look online for results.
In an attempt to convince her young client to practice safe sex, Valerie fabricated her
own statistics and facts about the hazards of unprotected sex. In this instance, Valerie
violated the principle of:
a. fidelity.
b. veracity.
c. beneficence.
d. justice.
Children with childhood disabilities such as autism and ADHD; children with the
cumulative lifestyle factors that lead to obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and cancers; and
people with chronic medical, physical, and mental disabilities are part of the:
a. mental health workers community.
b. disability community.
c. gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender community.
d. social justice community.
Which of the following is NOT a professional association’s ethical codes or guidelines
in regards to technology and online counseling?
a. Psychologists who offer online services inform clients of the risks to privacy and the
limits of confidentiality.
b. Competence to provide online counseling is the most important aspect of ethical
codes or guidelines.
c. Counselors are expected to inform clients of the benefits and limitations of using
technology in the counseling process.
d. Therapists must: (a) determine that electronic therapy is appropriate for clients,
taking into account the clients’ intellectual, emotional, and physical needs; (b) inform
clients of the potential risks and benefits associated with electronic therapy; (c) ensure
the security of their communication medium; and (d) only commence electronic therapy
after appropriate education, training, or supervised experience using the relevant
technology.
Counselors can encourage ethnic minority clients to learn skills they can use to interact
successfully with various forces in their community by acting as their:
a. advocate.
b. broker.
c. adviser.
d. consultant.
The word___________, interpreted broadly, is associated with a racial or ethnic group
as well as with gender, religion, economic status, nationality, physical capacity or
disability, and affectional or sexual orientation.
a. ethnicity
b. diversity
c. stereotype
d. culture
From an ethical perspective, counselor educators and trainers are expected to present
varied theoretical positions. Training programs would do well to offer students:
a. a variety of therapeutic techniques and strategies that can be applied to a wide range
of problems with diverse clients.
b. the opportunity to specialize in one theoretical approach.
c. a program with few bureaucratic constraints when teaching.
d. the opportunity to learn to diagnose clients to fit the basic concepts of the theory
being taught.
Differences in culture, ethnicity, religion, age, gender, and sexual orientation:
a. could have a negative influence on the supervisory relationship if not understood and
integrated.
b. could allow the supervisory relationship the opportunity for molding the supervisee
into what the supervisor believes to be a better person.
c. would have no effect on the supervisory relationship.
d. are immediate reasons to request a referral to a different supervisor, similarly to the
therapist-client relationship.
Departures from commonly accepted practices that could potentially benefit clients are
referred to as:
a. unethical boundaries.
b. boundary crossings.
c. boundary violations.
d. interpersonal boundaries.
Which of the following would NOTbe found in managed care contracts?
a. “Gag clauses” that prohibit practitioners from sharing any negative information about
managed care policies
b. Informing the client the managed care company may request a client’s diagnosis,
results on any tests given, a wide range of clinical information, treatment plans, and
perhaps even the entire clinical record of a client
c. Information regarding limits of confidentiality and the potential repercussions of
disclosing personal information to insurance providers
d. Information regarding benefits, risks, and costs of various interventions
Elena, your client of two years, has just received the news that she is losing her
insurance coverage; however, she recently had a breakthrough in therapy and needs to
continue working on her issues. As an ethical therapist, you should:
a. refer her to a community mental health center where she can get services at a low
cost.
b. determine new payment terms so Elena can continue working with you.
c. terminate therapy and give Elena some good book references so she can work
through her issues on her own.
d. terminate therapy and encourage Elena to look in the Yellow Pages for a new
therapist who will accept a sliding scale arrangement.