An example of retribution is the saying, “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.”
a. True
b. False
The factors of total power, rewards and punishments, exchange relationships, and
inmate leadership
a. exist in only a few prisons.
b. exist only in state prisons.
c. exist only in federal prisons.
d. make prisons more difficult to govern than other institutions.
The juvenile function of police work is concerned largely with
a. servicing the community.
b. preventing crime.
c. maintaining order.
d. providing counseling.
A ________ explanation of criminal acts argues that being a member of a social group
shapes behavior.
a. biological
b. psychological
c. sociological
d. physiological
A pat-down by an officer is not considered a warrantless search.
a. True
b. False
The Federal Bureau of Investigation came to prominence under the leadership of
a. J. Edgar Hoover.
b. Franklin Roosevelt.
c. James Q. Wilson.
d. Sir Robert Peel.
According to the courts, accidents occur when there is no mens rea.
a. True
b. False
The fragmented structure of state courts is the biggest barrier to effective justice.
a. True
b. False
James is a vice president of a local banking organization. He and his wife have been in
danger of foreclosure on their home after his wife lost her job last year. James recently
found out that he can transfer a small percentage of his client’s earnings into his own
account without drawing the attention of those in power at the organization. He has
been able to transfer enough money to break even on their mortgage. He is aware that
he is breaking the law; however, he does not see his crime as being on the same scale as
a violent crime. He is also aware that if he is caught, the criminal justice system will go
easy on him because he is a first-time offender.
The bank where James worked fails as a result of his criminal activity and the bank
president commits suicide. An outraged public demands justice and James is then
charged with manslaughter. This is an example of the ________ model.
a. crime control
b. due process
c. criminal justice
d. due justice
All states must assist reentry though the creation of reentry institutions.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following does not allow the use of the exclusionary rule?
a. Murder trial
b. Federal court
c. State court with no appellate system
d. Grand jury proceeding
The _________ typically includes an officer, commander, sergeant, lieutenant, captain,
major and chief.
a. division of labor
b. chain and utility of command
c. rules and regulations
d. none of the above.
The process of a prosecutor sharing information with the defense is called:
a. nolle prosequi.
b. evidence sufficiency.
c. probable cause.
d. discovery.
An arrest would be an example of a seizure.
a. True
b. False
The Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution forbids the use of excessive bail.
a. True
b. False
The classification of inmates and assignment to various prison programs is always
tailored to serve the needs of the individual inmate.
a. True
b. False
Most types of occupational crime are profitable and do not come to the public’s
attention.
a. True
b. False
Maria is a 16 year-old Hispanic female from South Carolina who has been charged with
assault with a deadly weapon with the intent to kill. Maria used a baseball bat to beat a
classmate close to death leaving the victim with brain damage. The judge will render
her decision tomorrow if Maria should be tried as an adult or if the case should stay
within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court system. Currently, Maria is being held in an
institution until an appropriate decision can be made.
Maria wants to attend a treatment facility so that she can quit her drug habit. To do so
without further involvement in the juvenile justice system, she would need a
a. diversion.
b. warrant.
c. judgment.
d. waiver.
Andrica is the chief of police for a mid-size department. She has recently reviewed the
data on how to serve the community better, including preventing crime and responding
to calls. Andrica would like to incorporate additional strategies to improve all issues,
but wants to make sure she has officer buy-in for any new methods.
Andrica would also like to change how her officers receive calls. She would like the
highest-priority calls to go out first. This is an example of
a. a differential response system.
b. incident-driven policing.
c. evidence-based policing.
d. reactive-based policing.
Which is not part of the Miranda warnings?
a. The right to an attorney during interrogation
b. The right to remain silent
c. The notice that any statement that you decide to make can be used against you in
court
d. The right to a speedy trial
In which case did the Supreme Court determine the requirements which must be met if
defendants are to receive effective counsel?
a. Miranda v. Arizona
b. Strickland v. Washington
c. Gideon v. Wainwright
d. Mapp v. Ohio
Achieving both the goals of controlling crime and protecting the rights of individuals
are _______ to achieve.
a. impossible
b. easy
c. difficult
d. not necessary
The parole board has recently paroled Beth after eight years of incarceration. She is to
obtain gainful employment, submit to weekly drug test, and notify the parole officer if
she is going out of state. Beth will spend a month in a transitional facility before she is
completely on her own. It has been difficult locating a facility close to her home
because most communities do not want parolees in their neighborhood.
Beth will serve some time in a transitional facility before she is released, most likely in
a
a. jail.
b. halfway house.
c. reformatory.
d. furlough.
Dianne works for the federal governor as a prosecutor. She spends much of her time
prosecuting drug crimes. Dianne was placed into her position approximately 3 years
ago and seems constantly in awe of her duties within the criminal justice system. Diane
works in District 5 in Dallas, Texas.
Dianne works as a prosecutor for the federal government. Dianne’s actual title is
_______ attorney.
a. state
b. U.S.
c. district
d. county
Eli is a public defender who is representing his client in a first-degree murder case. A
plea arrangement could not be arranged, so the case is going to trial. In a matter of
weeks, Eli will be forced to help seat a jury. He is hoping to have a chance to select
jurors who will sympathize with his client, who grew up in abject poverty and has a low
IQ. Eli is not sure what the outcome of this case will be considering that there is not an
eyewitness to testify.
Because Eli’s client’s case is going before a judge with a reputation for “being tough on
crime”, it is safe to say the defendant will not opt for a
a. bench trial.
b. plea of guilty.
c. jury trial.
d. plea bargain.
.One morning, Rashaad arrives at work feeling under the weather. By lunch time, he
decides to take sick leave and go home. Upon arrival at his house, he sees his best
friend’s car in the driveway. Rashaad becomes concerned that something may be wrong
with his wife. As he opens the door to his bedroom, he sees his wife and best friend in a
compromising position. In shock, Rashaad grabs his gun, and shoots and kills his wife
and friend.
Rashaad states that he was not in the proper state of mind when the murders were
committed. Which excuse defense is he most likely to use?
a. Duress
b. Entrapment
c. Mistake of fact
d. Insanity
Which layer of the criminal justice “wedding cake” consists of serious felonies?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
James is a vice president of a local banking organization. He and his wife have been in
danger of foreclosure on their home after his wife lost her job last year. James recently
found out that he can transfer a small percentage of his client’s earnings into his own
account without drawing the attention of those in power at the organization. He has
been able to transfer enough money to break even on their mortgage. He is aware that
he is breaking the law; however, he does not see his crime as being on the same scale as
a violent crime. He is also aware that if he is caught, the criminal justice system will go
easy on him because he is a first-time offender.
When caught, James admitted to stealing approximately $100,000 from his employer
over the past year through financial deception. This is what Edwin Sutherland referred
to as ______ crime.
a. organized
b. felony
c. white-collar
d. white criminal
Technical violations that would cause an offender’s probation to be revoked include
which of the following?
a. Violating curfew
b. Failing a drug test
c. Using alcohol
d. All of the above
Which of the following is true about private policing?
a. It is a fairly recent development in policing.
b. It developed because of a reduction in crime.
c. It developed because police departments were not hiring.
d. It developed over a long period of time.
The dominant purpose of a prison is maintaining secure custody of offenders.
a. True
b. False
If a parole officer finds that a parolee has committed a technical violation, he or she can
revoke parole without a hearing.
a. True
b. False
One impact of crime is _______, which limits freedom.
Describe the goals of the criminal justice system.
Discuss the impacts of budget cuts on the courts.
_____ prisons are managed by nongovernmental bodies.
The ____________________ style of police is marked by professionalism and an
emphasis on law enforcement.
A(n)____ hearing is a hearing by the juvenile court to determine if a juvenile should be
detained or released prior to adjudication.
Explain how the U.S. Supreme Court has changed the interpretation of the Fourth
Amendment.
The performance of the police is not based solely on the types of people recruited; it is
also shaped by their _______.
_____ separates those inmates being victimized from the general prison population..
What new crimes does new technology pose for the juvenile justice system?
Short-term, intense boot camps are also referred to as _____.
____________________ are actions by law enforcement officials that intrude upon
people’s reasonable expectations of privacy.
An attorney employed on a full-time basis by the government to represent the poor is
called a(n) _______.
The punitive era of juvenile justice (from 1980 to the present) is known as the _____
period.
____ are responsible for a significant amount of delinquency in communities and also
have thrived within correctional facilities.
Define and explain the Save the Child Movement. Which specific court cases have
increased support for working with the “child”?
Federal funding for inmates to obtain higher education has been cut drastically in the
past few years. Critics of these programs claim that they take money away from
noncriminal students who need funding; however, educational programs may help
inmates from committing more crimes after release. Offer two examples of how this
problem might be resolved.
What should the role of parole officers be and why? How might the personality of the
client change this relationship?