Which of the following approaches is credited with an emphasis on assessment and
evaluation?
a. Behavior therapy
b. Existential therapy
c. Psychoanalytic therapy
d. Reality therapy
Concerning research on psychotherapy and Carl Rogers, which of the following is not
true?
a. Rogers stated his concepts as testable hypotheses and submitted them to research.
b. Rogers literally opened the field for psychotherapy research.
c. Rogers inspired others to conduct extensive research on counseling process and
outcome.
d. Rogers did not conduct the research himself.
Freud used the term libido in which of the following ways?
a. To refer to the death instincts
b. To refer to the energy of all the life instincts
c. To refer to sexual abuse
d. To account for the aggressive drive
Which of the following is notpart of the five-step treatment procedure used in a coping
skills program?
a. Exposing clients to anxiety-provoking situations by means of role playing and
imagery
b. Evaluating the anxiety level of the client by using both physiological and
psychological tests
c. Teaching clients to become aware of the anxiety-provoking cognitions they
experience in stressful situations
d. Helping clients examine their thoughts by reevaluating their self-statements
One of the goals of feminist therapy is to:
a. bring about transformation both in the individual client and in society.
b. make the unconscious conscious.
c. provide opportunities for reliving early traumas.
d. assist clients in gaining awareness of moment-to-moment experiencing.
The personcentered approach’s view of human nature:
a. views people as basically competitive.
b. states that humans are driven by irrational forces.
c. emphasizes clients’ abilities to engage their own resources to act in their world with
others.
d. assumes that, while humans have the potential for growth, we tend to remain
stagnant.
Adler taught that we must successfully master three universal life tasks. Which of the
following is not one of these tasks?
a. Building friendships
b. Establishing intimacy
c. Contributing to society
d. Enhancing wellness
A central existential concept is that although we long for freedom we often try to escape
from our freedom by defining ourselves as a fixed or static entity.
a. True
b. False
The characteristic existential theme includes:
a. freedom and responsibility.
b. resistance.
c. transference.
d. examining irrational beliefs.
The tendency for individuals to relate external events to themselves, even when there is
no basis for making this connection, is known as:
a. labeling and mislabeling.
b. overgeneralization.
c. arbitrary inferences.
d. personalization.
Behavior therapy is characterized by all of the following, except:
a. a focus on overt specific behavior.
b. a formulation of precise treatment goals.
c. the subjective diagnosis of the therapist.
d. the design of an appropriate treatment plan.
is at the core of feminist therapy and marked by authenticity, mutuality, and respect.
a. The person is political
b. The egalitarian relationship
c. The women’s way of knowing
d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress
Of the following, what is an interest that social constructionists tend to share?
a. Helping clients better understand objective reality
b. Using paradoxical techniques
c. Using a genogram to teach families about conflicts
d. Generating new meaning in the lives of individuals
In which therapy approach is the client viewed as the expert on his or her own life,
while the therapist is seen as an expert questioner who assists clients in freeing
themselves of their problem-saturated stories and create new life- affirming stories?
a. Existential therapy
b. Narrative therapy
c. Rational emotive behavior therapy
d. Person-centered therapy
Manufacturing “good” reasons to explain away a bruised ego, or to explain away
failures or losses, is known as:
a. rationalization.
b. projection.
c. displacement.
d. introjection.
The existential approach is particularly well-suited to clients who:
a. are dealing with grief and loss.
b. are victims of oppression.
c. have limited intellectual capacities.
d. suffer from severe mental illness.
Which is not an essential aim of existential-humanistic therapy?
a. To help clients become more present to both themselves and others
b. To assist clients in identifying ways they block themselves from fuller presence
c. To dispute clients’ irrational beliefs
d. To challenge clients to assume responsibility for designing their present lives
Which of these solution-focused therapy techniques involves asking clients to describe
times in their lives when they were able to solve their problem or when their problem
was less severe?
a. Pre-therapy change
b. The miracle question
c. Exception questions
d. Scaling
The vast majority of mental health professionals have experienced personal therapy,
typically on several occasions.
a. True
b. False
In applying the person-centered approach to crisis intervention, therapists should do all
of the following, except:
a. communicate a deep sense of understanding.
b. provide genuine support and warmth.
c. use a more structured approach and provide clients with some direction.
d. do not give the individual the opportunity to fully express themselves.
Which of the following approaches to therapy puts an emphasis on direct experiencing
and doing?
a. Person-centered therapy
b. Gestalt therapy
c. Rational emotive behavior therapy
d. Narrative therapy
cannot be reduced simply to cultural awareness and sensitivity.
a. Cultural diversity
b. Multicultural competence
c. Multicultural diversity
d. Theoretical pluralism
Behavior therapy assumes that:
a. behavior is the result of unconscious forces.
b. behavior is the result of free choices.
c. behavior is determined by psychic energy.
d. behavior is learned.
The founder of rational emotive behavior therapy is:
a. William Glasser.
b. Frederick Perls.
c. Albert Ellis.
d. Joseph Wolpe.
Because ego and consciousness are not the same, the slogan for psychoanalysis has
shifted from “making the unconscious conscious” to:
a. “making the ego conscious.”
b. “where there was id, let there be ego.”
c. “get rid of the id, kid!”
d. “may the force be within you.”
The four-step model of strengths-based CBT to build resilience include all of the
following, except:
a. search.
b. construct.
c. apply.
d. discover.
Behavior therapists look to the current environmental events that maintain problem
behaviors and help clients produce behavior change by changing environmental events,
through a process called:
a. functional assessment.
b. motivational interviewing.
c. mindfulness-based stress reduction.
d. reorientation.
Beck’s cognitive therapy has been most widely applied to the treatment of:
a. stress symptoms.
b. anxiety reactions.
c. phobias.
d. depression.
Which of the following behavior therapists is credited with developing the social
cognitive learning model, doing much work on observational learning and modeling,
and writing about self-efficacy?
a. Bandura
b. Linehan
c. Wolpe
d. Jacobson
Rollo May has been instrumental in translating some concepts drawn from existential
philosophy and applying them to psychotherapy.
a. True
b. False
Family therapy perspectives call for a conceptual shift from evaluating individuals to
focusing on:
a. system dynamics.
b. individual symptoms.
c. the identified client only.
d. an individual’s reactions.
The cognitive behavioral approach to therapy stresses:
a. support, understanding, warmth, and empathy.
b. awareness, unfinished business, impasse, and experiencing.
c. thinking, assessing, deciding, analyzing, and doing.
d. subjectivity, existential anxiety, self-actualization, and being.
Existentialists claim that the use of specific techniques is the cornerstone of the
approach.
a. True
b. False