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What technique(s) from behavior therapy might help Stan with his fear of women?
a. systematic desensitization
b. assertion training
c. modeling
d. social skills training
e. all of these
In social constructionism, which of the following would be least important in
understanding how individuals construct their lives?
a. gender awareness
b. cultural perspectives
c. developmental processes
d. the impact of irrational beliefs
e. dominant narratives
Which of the following statements about theories or models of counseling/
psychotherapy is true?
a. Extensive research has shown that certain popular models of psychotherapy are
"wrong."
b. There is a clear place for theoretical pluralism in our society.
c. Accepting the validity of one model implies rejecting the validity of other models.
d. Theoretical pluralism has been frowned on by several major professional
organizations.
Roberto, who struggles with feeling inadequate as a provider and husband, has come to
work with a cognitive behavioral therapist. In addition to feeling inadequate, he feels
angry that he has been marginalized by the mainstream culture. As his therapist, you
should do all of the following except:
a. refrain from using jargon such as the terms "irrational, maladaptive, and
dysfunctional"
b. adapt the language presented in cognitive restructuring to Roberto's primary
language, age, and educational level.
c. avoid using disrespectful language when describing Roberto's cognitions
d. impress Roberto with your use of jargon to reinforce that you are the expert.
The statement "Only when I receive everyone's approval will I be whole" is an example
of:
a. a guiding self-ideal.
b. something a personality disordered individual would say.
c. a realistic goal.
d. retroflection.
e. reaction formation.
A contribution of the Gestalt approach is:
a. the emphasis on the therapist's interpretations.
b. the attention given to the role of irrational beliefs as a cause of emotional
disturbances.
c. focusing on unfinished business in the past in a way that is immediate and direct.
d. the attention it gives to the therapeutic contract.
e. the emphasis on value judgments in therapy.
In conducting a behavioral assessment, the client's functioning is taken into account in
which area(s)?
a. emotional dimensions
b. cognitive dimensions
c. behavioral dimensions
d. interpersonal dimensions
e. all of these
The concept of triangulation is most associated with:
a. Virginia Satir.
b. Murray Bowen.
c. Salvador Minuchin.
d. Carl Whitaker.
e. Rudolf Dreikurs.
What would a rational emotive behavior therapist be least likely to say about Stan's
difficulties in life?
a. He will feel better if he learns to think more rationally.
b. He continually reindoctrinates himself with self-defeating sentences.
c. He will feel better when he simply gains insight into the past roots of his problems.
d. All of Stan's "oughts, should, and musts" are getting in his way and need to be
disputed.
Which theory states that the therapist's task is to support the client as they explore their
present experience through an awareness of their internal (intrapersonal) world and the
external environment?
a. feminist therapy
b. person-centered therapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. existential therapy
e. reality therapy
Exploration of polarities is a technique used in ________.
a. cognitive-behavior therapy
b. family systems therapy
c. Adlerian therapy
d. existential therapy
e. Gestalt therapy
The ego-defense mechanisms operate as a way of coping with anxiety.
a. psychoanalytic therapy
b. person-centered therapy
c. REBT
d. reality therapy
e. both (c) and (d)
Which of these statements is not true about Alfred Adler?
a. Along with Freud and Jung, Alfred Adler was a major contributor to the initial
development of the psychodynamic approach to therapy.
b. After resigning as president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, Adler founded the
Society for Individual Psychology.
c. Alfred Adler has been criticized by intellectuals for failing to give his brother
Edmund due credit for helping him develop his theory.
d. Adler stresses the unity of personality, contending that people can only be understood
as integrated and complete beings.
e. None of these.
When a person experiences an internal conflict (namely a conflict between top dog and
underdog), which of the following techniques would be most appropriate?
a. making the rounds
b. the reversal technique
c. the internal dialogue exercise
d. the rehearsal exercise
e. the exaggeration exercise
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) style of life, (b) openness to experience, (c) formative tendency, (d) internal source
of evaluation, (e) willingness to continue growing
An Adlerian therapist would:
a. maintain an aloof stance.
b. establish a cooperative relationship based on equality.
c. take the role of expert.
d. take the role of a friendly parent.
e. avoid sharing personal reactions.
One item in the series of five does not fit with the other four items. Identify the word or
phrase that does not fit with the rest of the series.
(a) listening from a "not-knowing" position, (b) paradoxical interventions, (c)
enactments, (d) reframing, (e) issuing directives
This theory places central importance on encouragement and community feeling.
a. reality therapy
b. family systems therapy
c. narrative therapy
d. person-centered therapy
e. Adlerian therapy
A limitation of behavior therapy is:
a. the overemphasis on insight.
b. the results of therapy cannot be objectively assessed.
c. the treatment goals are too broad.
d. the directive approach may overwhelm clients from collectivistic cultures.
e. the necessity for long-term therapy to effect any change.
Existential therapy is:
a. a deterministic approach to therapy.
b. an expansion of the Adlerian school of therapy.
c. a phenomenological approach to therapy.
d. a structured approach to therapy.
Existential therapists:
a. may choose techniques from what is taking place in the ongoing therapeutic process
and their relationship with clients.
b. tend to rely on a well-developed set of techniques.
c. do not borrow techniques from other therapies.
d. almost always dispute irrational beliefs that lead to human suffering.
e. focus on the collective unconscious.
Henry has the impulse to gamble excessively whenever he goes to Las Vegas. Aware of
this, he has decided to turn down a job offer in Las Vegas to avoid the temptation to
gamble. What part of Henry's personality helped him to reach this decision?
a. The id
b. The ego
c. The superego
A tool for collecting and organizing key relationships in a three-generational extended
family is a:
a. lifestyle assessment.
b. family sketch.
c. genogram.
d. projective test.
e. power analysis.
As basic assumption in counseling Ruth from a person-centered perspective is that
counseling:
a. should be directed at solving problems.
b. is best aimed at teaching coping skills.
c. works best when the therapist makes appropriate and timely interpretations.
d. proceeds best if clients are provided with structure and direction.
e. is aimed at helping clients tap their inner resources so she can better deal with her
problems.
A more flexible variant of psychoanalysis is:
a. psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy
b. psychoanalytically oriented reality therapy
c. superego-oriented psychotherapy
d. psychoanalytic behavior analysis
Who is most noted for her contributions to the development of feminist therapy?
a. Miriam Polster
b. Laura Brown
c. Natalie Rogers
d. Laura Perls
e. Michele Weiner-Davis
The constructs of feminist theory, in contrast to traditional theories, include all of the
following except for which characteristic?
a. intrapsychic orientation
b. gender-fair stance
c. flexible-multicultural
d. life-span orientation
e. interactionist perspective
Stan's reality therapist would focus on all of the following except:
a. Stan's positive experiences with his camp supervisor.
b. Stan's negative experiences during his childhood.
c. Stan's wants and perceptions.
d. Stan's future goals.
e. Stan's evaluation pertaining to his drinking.
Which of the following is not a part of the WDEP system of reality therapy as applied
to Ruth?
a. determining Ruth's wants
b. assisting Ruth in understanding the direction of what she is doing
c. assisting Ruth to understanding how her family of origin issues are still present today
d. assisting Ruth in making her own inner self-evaluation
e. developing realistic plans aimed at fulfilling her needs
The process of redirecting sexual energy into some form of socially acceptable behavior
is known as:
a. displacement.
b. denial.
c. compensation.
d. sublimation.
e. repression.
Feelings of hostility, destructiveness, anger, rage, and hatred are associated with the:
a. oral stage.
b. anal stage.
c. phallic stage.
d. genital stage.
