Kathy’s mom slaps her hand when she reaches for the knobs on the stove. This is
considered to be a conditioned aversive stimulus.
Winning the jackpot at the slot machine is an example of a dependent variable.
Naturally occurring reinforcers are highly effective and sufficient for maintaining all
desirable behaviors.
Of the observational data recording systems, the one which results in the most accurate
representation of the occurrence of the behavior is interval recording.
It is important to teach self evaluative coping skills and error correction options.
Direct observation strategies to gather information by taking data on the behavior while
the student is engaged in it is also known as informant assessment.
Recording occurrences of discrete behaviors is known as whole-interval recording.
The passage of time is associated with interval schedules of reinforcement.
A chocolate candy bar and being assigned additional homework may both serve as
punishers to a particular behavior for a student if it decreases a behavior.
Tom will dress himself independently for 3 consecutive days.
Criterion statements set minimum performance standards for a behavioral objective.
In research, the goal is to control for the presence or absence of variables that may
affect outcomes.
Developmental theories are difficult to verify and prove that the causes of behavior may
be attributed to passage through a certain developmental stage.
Suppressing behaviors such as whistling and laughing while in school is ethical if it
helps to establish “law and order” in the classroom.
A behavior’s function is determined by its topography.
Schedules of reinforcement refer to patterns of timing for delivery of reinforcers.
Classroom schedules should be flexible.
A single subject design will provide information concerning which reading series to use
in the second grade.
When using the system of least prompts, the teacher starts with the discriminative
stimulus and then moves to the least restrictive prompt in her repertoire.
The same behavior exhibited by two different students may serve two different
functions.
The physical arrangement of the classroom is an important component of establishing
stimulus control.
A measure of response accuracy (e.g., 8 out of 10 correct) represents the acquisition
level of response competence.
The ordinate is also considered the x axis.
The existence of a functional relation can be determined through use of a reversal
design.
A student acquires a sequence of behaviors, all of which must be done in order to gain
a reinforcer. He has learned:
a. a fading procedure
b. a backward chain
c. a behavioral chain
d. a forward chain
Graduated guidance is a fading procedure that:
a. begins with whatever prompt level is necessary for performance of behavior
b. is used to fade physical prompts
c. is concerned with the time the prompt is given
d. increases the amount of assistance within a trial
One disadvantage of an AB design is:
a. it cannot evaluate performance over time
b. it does not require a baseline
c. it has only a nondescriptive function
d. it does not allow for determining a functional relation
_____________ is a naturally occurring phenomenon.
a. Time out
b. Reinforcement
c. Contingency contracting
d. Response cost
“Linda typed an average of 55 words per minute” is an example of what behavioral
dimension?
a. Frequency
b. Rate
c. Latency
d. Locus
Excited about her classroom visitors, Ms. Phillips points to Olivia and explains that
although she has a learning disability, she has made progress in math over the past two
weeks. Which ethical rule has Ms. Phillips broken?
a. The right to services whose overriding goal is personal welfare
b. The right to treatment by a competent behavior analyst
c. The right to the most effective treatment procedures available
d. The right to a therapeutic environment
Justin often attempts to jump off classroom chairs. His teacher decided to reduce the
behavior by having him repeatedly jump off the classroom chair, while under close
supervision. This is an example of ___________.
a. restitutional overcorrection
b. positive-practice overcorrection
c. negative practice
d. response cost
A continuity break could be present on a graph for any of the following except:
a. student was sick
b. winter break
c. student was not responding well during the instructional session
d. teacher had a meeting
Mr. Williams wants to know if using a number line or counting chips would be more
effective when teaching addition to James. The most appropriate design to use is:
a. alternating treatments design
b. multiple baseline design
c. changing criterion design
d. none of the above
The label “percent of intervals of on-task behaviors” would be found on the abscissa.
Every time the teacher asks a question, an overly eager student raises and waves his
hands in front of her. In order to get him to stop this behavior, the teacher calls on him
for the answer. The probability of the student raising and waving his hands again is:
a. increased
b. decreased
c. not likely
d. a or b
Answer the following questions based on the graph below.
The abscissa is indicated by what letter?
a. E
b. C
c. D
d. A
The person who knows best what kind of reinforcement a student desires at any one
time is:
a. the teacher
b. the student’s parent
c. the student
d. none of the above
Which factors must be considered when attempting to determine whether a proposed
intervention is ethical?
a. community standards
b. individual freedom and responsibility of the student
c. laws
d. all of the above
Kip is learning to drink from a cup. His teacher begins providing hand-over-hand
assistance to grasp the cup. The teacher then moves to providing Kip support at his
wrist to guide the cup. This is an example of which prompting strategy?
a. most-to-least
b. time delay
c. graduated guidance
d. none of the above
Which of the following is not an appropriate target behavior for an objective?
a. Understand the value of coins
b. Point to the correct algebraic formula
c. Increase the number of times student raises her hand during a 30-minute lesson
d. Independently operate a microwave oven
When structuring the physical arrangement of the classroom one must consider:
a. observation of all students
b. physical spacing of students
c. delineation of work areas
d. all of the above
David can currently read 12 sight words. The curriculum criterion states that he must be
able to read 50 sight words. His teacher plans to systematically introduce 4 new sight
words at a time as David masters each new set. David’s teacher should employ a:
a. multiple baseline design
b. ABAB design
c. reversal design
d. none of the above
When two or more behaviors associated with one student in a single setting are
examined, what design is being used?
a. multiple baseline across settings
b. multiple baseline across behaviors
c. multiple baseline across individuals
d. alternating treatment design
Self instruction is a strategy of providing oneself verbal prompts for:
a. academic content
b. answer correction
c. task completion
d. reinforcer selection
Answer the following questions based on the graph below.
The “y” axis is indicated by what letter?
a. C
b. E
c. A
d. F
Spontaneous recovery refers to:
a. the possible reappearance of an extinguished behavior
b. a student’s return to the classroom after time out
c. getting well after a serious illness
d. none of the above
For those students with maladaptive behaviors and limited adaptive behaviors in their
repertoire, the teacher may need to:
a. just ignore the maladaptive behaviors
b. eliminate the maladaptive behaviors first
c. teach adaptive behaviors as soon as possible.
d. both b and c
“When the bell rang, it took Blake 11 minutes to get to his next class” is an example of
what behavioral dimension?
a. Duration
b. Frequency
c. Latency
d. Rate
Which of the following statements is true of DRO schedules?
a. requires students receive reinforcement if he/she does not perform the target behavior
b. reinforces absence of the behavior
c. effectiveness depends on the reinforcer selected
d. all of the above
The reinforcement delivery system that enables teachers to tailor the system based on
the unique characteristics of students in a classroom is:
a. Independent group-oriented
b. Dependent group-oriented
c. Interdependent group-oriented
d. None of the above
Which of the following provides an illustration of a rapid rate of responding using
a cumulative graph?
a. A only
b. B only
c. C only
d. A and C
Reinforcing on-task behavior to decrease off-task behavior is an example of:
a. Differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior
b. Noncontingent Reinforcement
c. Differential reinforcement of alternative behaviors
d. Differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors
What is the major purpose of applied behavior analysis?
a. to provide a process of systematically applying specific principles to facilitate
behavior change
b. to provide a systematic means of determining whether changes in behavior may be
attributed to the application of behavioral principles.
c. none of the above
d. both a and b
The single subject design which allows comparison of more than one treatment or
intervention is the:
a. multiple baseline design
b. reversal design
c. alternating treatments design
d. none of the above
Differential effects of self instruction may be due to:
a. age
b. cognitive style
c. attributional style
d. all of the above
What is meant by stimulus control?
Define what is meant by the statement “the relationship between behavior and the
environment is reciprocal”. Give an example.