According to your text, people differ in their unconscious assumptions about
a. personal space.
b. time.
c. interpersonal relations.
d. all of these.
The awareness that cultural differences exist is which phase in the development of
cultural attitudes?
a. Phase I
b. Phase I
c. Phase III
d. Phase V
Factors that can put a child at risk for later negative outcomes include which of the
following?
a. Certain patterns of genetic inheritance
b. A poor prenatal environment
c. An unhealthy perinatal environment
d. All of these
Having the children role play is an example of
a. learning by doing.
b. learning based on genetics.
c. using a tangible reward.
d. negative socialization.
Which of the following is not a purpose of family preservation services?
a. To keep families safe
b. To avoid unnecessary placement of children in substitute care
c. To emphasize family deficits
d. To improve family functioning
Books and magazines tend to portray males as _________, whereas females are
portrayed as _________.
a. active; passive
b. immobile; mobile
c. passive; aggressive
d. invisible; visible
Self-regulation is related to
a. the inhibition of antisocial behavior.
b. the inhibition of aggressive behavior.
c. showing prosocial behavior.
d. all of these.
Television and radio outlets make most of their profits
a. from door-to-door sales.
b. from advertising.
c. by writing grants.
d. by selling hard copies of news transcripts.
The classification into gender roles based on biological sex is called
a. genetics.
b. environment.
c. sex typing.
d. gender development theory.
Which socializing agent bears the major responsibility for socializing the child?
a. The family
b. The school
c. The community
d. The peer group
Which parenting style is characterized by children who alienate themselves from
parental values and are attracted to the peer group to gain understanding and
acceptance?
a. Authoritative
b. Authoritarian
c. Permissive
d. Uninvolved
One of the most common unrealistic expectations of blended families is
a. lack of love.
b. instant love.
c. lack of jealously.
d. changing their place of residence.
Davonte believes there has to be a logical reason for doing something, rather than just
accepting things because that’s how they have always been done before. Davonte’s
position is one of
a. rationalism.
b. traditionalism.
c. valuation.
d. maturation.
The best type of intervention for “at-risk” children is one that
a. reinforces the family as a child-rearing system.
b. rakes over the family role.
c. becomes the primary source of affection for the child.
d. excludes parents from the program.
According to your text, the technical definition of marriage is which of the following?
a. A legal contract with certain rights and obligations
b. A contract with certain rights and responsibilities that is not legally binding
c. A system of informal and formal social supports
d. A relationship between two consenting adults
Positive Peer Culture (PPC) aims to
a. redirect delinquent youth.
b. mobilize the power of the peer group.
c. increase the self-worth of delinquent youth.
d. all of these.
According to your text, which of the following is true?
a. Family discussions of televised sexuality can help offset what teens see on television.
b. A significant portion of adolescents’ information about sexuality comes from
prime-time television.
c. Sex appeal and sexual activity are glamorized on television.
d. All of these are correct.
Peer groups begin to segregate boys and girls starting in
a. preschool.
b. elementary school.
c. junior high.
d. high school.
Parents of low socioeconomic status may use “commanding without explanation”
because
a. they would rather not talk to their children.
b. it requires less time and effort than other methods.
c. it is less efficient than other methods.
d. they are under less stress than parents of higher socioeconomic statuses.
Eddie has no interest in becoming involved in his child’s school. According to your text,
likely reasons that Eddie is not interested include which of the following?
a. Perhaps Eddie did not like school when he was a child.
b. Perhaps Eddie feels he is only called to school when there is a problem.
c. Perhaps Eddie does not speak English fluently and the teacher does.
d. All of these are correct; all are potential barriers to Eddie’s involvement.
Socializing mechanisms that peers use to influence behavior include which of the
following?
a. Reinforcement
b. Modeling
c. Rejection
d. All of these
The process of supporting a person, group, or cause is called
a. advocacy.
b. engagement.
c. compromise.
d. enrichment.
Loosely organized reference groups of cliques are called
a. crowds.
b. apprenticeships.
c. victims.
d. sets.
According to Belsky (1988, 1992), full-time child care (more than 20 hours per week)
a. is not linked to emotional development in later childhood.
b. is linked to increased risk for emotional problems in later childhood.
c. has not been studied.
d. is not related to attachment.
Which of the following is not a positive way in which video games influence
socialization?
a. Games can provide an introduction to information technology.
b. Games give practice in following directions.
c. Games have clear lines between fantasy and reality.
d. Games provide practice with fine motor skills.
From a historical perspective, attitudes toward individuals with disabilities have
generally progressed from
a. pity to widespread acceptance.
b. acceptance to pity.
c. denial to Title IX.
d. acceptance to denial.
Which of the following best illustrates the principle of modeling?
a. Children who observe an adult donating to charity are more likely to donate
themselves.
b. Children who observe someone keeping money instead of giving it to charity will
still donate their own money.
c. Children who are taught to act helpfully in one situation are not likely to act helpfully
in other situations.
d. Children do not imitate the behavior of peers.
Samantha is generally in a positive mood, has regular rhythms, and can adapt to change
with ease. Which temperament style does Samantha exhibit?
a. Easy
b. Difficult
c. Slow-to-warm-up
d. Unclassified
Individualistic groups tend to value _________ authority, whereas collectivistic groups
tend to value _________ authority.
a. achieved; ascribed
b. ascribed; earned-through-hard- work
c. collective; individual
d. none of these
Allowing a child to leave his room when he stops a temper tantrum is an example of
a. positive reinforcement.
b. negative reinforcement.
c. shaping.
d. cognition.
Emanuel is trying to get his daughter to stop biting her nails. His plan is to ignore his
daughter’s nail biting, but praise her at every 10-minute interval in which she does not
bite her nails. Gradually, Emanuel plans to lengthen the amount of time between praise.
If Emanuel’s method is successful, the disappearance of nail biting would be considered
which of the following?
a. Extinction
b. Punishment
c. Negative reinforcement
d. Modeling
Observations of elementary school children in the United States demonstrate that boys
and girls are _________ aware of the opposite sex.
a. not at all
b. hardly
c. somewhat
d. very
Public Law 99-457 authorized early intervention, which was designed to
a. help only those children diagnosed with a specific condition.
b. target all children who are at risk for developmental delay.
c. target children from birth to age 2 who are at risk for developmental delay.
d. decrease funding for at-risk children.
When Asishma and her family moved to the United States from India, her family began
to speak only English and celebrate traditional American holidays. This is an example
of which of the following?
a. Cultural assimilation
b. Melting pot
c. Cultural pluralism
d. None of these
An example of _________ achievement motivation is when one does an activity to
attain some separable outcome, such as to get a reward or avoid a punishment.
When a reward, or pleasant consequence, is given for desired behavior, this is called
_________ reinforcement.
_________ refers to a family in which both sides of the extended family are regarded as
equal.
In poor-quality child care settings, staff turnover is _________.
The presence of more than one belief system is called _________.
The Rodriguez family just returned to mainstream America after spending a year in the
mountains without television. Write a description detailing how they should expect their
lives to change now that they have television in every room of their house. Include in
your answer a discussion of family activities and interaction patterns as described in
your text.
Answer:Answer not provided.
Children with _________ temperaments need consistent, patient, and objective parents
who can handle their instability.
Conceptions and reasoning about people, the self, relations between people, social
group roles and rules, and the relations of such conceptions to social behavior are called
_________.
Imagine you are presenting an in-service to staff at a child care center. The topic of your
presentation is cognitive methods of socialization. Describe what you will say,
providing an overview the concepts of instruction, reasoning, and the setting of
standards.
Answer:Answer not provided.
The space between what a learner can do independently and what he or she can do
while participating with more capable others is called the _________.
When featured characters on children’s television shows are linked to toys sold in the
marketplace, this is known as _________ marketing.
The term for children who carry their own key and let themselves into their homes is
_________.
When a trained peer listens to all perspectives and gives assistance in working out a
compromise, the strategy is called _________.
Most divorces occur within the first _________ years of first marriage.
Friends who view themselves as mutually connected and doing things together are
termed _________.