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When reporting percent on the ordinate scale:
a. the scale always goes from 0 to 100%
b. the scale ranges from 0 to the highest percent obtained
c. there is no scale rule
d. it's better to convert the ordinate to number
All basic reinforcement systems have the following elements:
a. the teacher presents the antecedent discriminative stimulus
b. the student performs the requested response
c. the appropriate reinforcer is presented to the student
d. all of the above
A positive reinforcer is a consequence stimulus which:
a. increases the future rate, is delivered contingently and immediately following a
desired behavior
b. maintains constant rates, and is delivered consequently
c. decreases a behavior, is delivered contingently and immediately following a behavior.
d. maintains rate of a behavior, is delivered contingently and immediately following a
desired behavior
Paige is learning her multiplication facts. During instruction her teacher reinforces an
average of every third correct response. Paige is on a ________ schedule of
reinforcement.
a. FI3
b. FR3
c. VI3
d. VR3
Generalization is the performance of a skill in an untrained situation. Generalization
should occur across:
a. various instructions and instructors
b. various materials
c. various settings
d. all of the above
When structuring classroom time which of the following is appropriate:
a. picture schedule
b. use of timer
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
Factors affecting the efficiency of a response do NOT include:
a. physical effort required to perform the response
b. schedule of reinforcement
c. delay between discriminative stimulus and delivery of reinforcer
d. degree of student's disability
Educational goals are
a. Statements of actual instructional intent
b. Statements of annual program intent
c. Usually 3 to 4 months long
d. The length of a grading period for students with mild disabilities
Cedric, a student in Mr. Washington's class, was repeatedly out of his seat during
instructional time. Mr. Washington decided to reinforce Cedric when he was exhibiting
in-seat behavior. What behavioral concept was Mr. Washington employing?
a. differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
b. differential reinforcement of other behavior
c. negative reinforcement
d. positive reinforcement
Quantitative measures of topography include all EXCEPT:
a. frequency
b. duration
c. percentage of intervals during which a behavior occurs
d. degree of malice involved
A procedure which uses a reinforcement strategy to reduce a behavior is:
a. overcorrection
b. response cost
c. time out
d. DRA
Which of the following terms is NOT associated with positive reinforcement?
a. Increases
b. Presentation
c. Decreases
d. Contingent
Teaching students to engage in self instruction:
a. helps them in problem solving
b. may facilitate generalization to other settings
c. may facilitate generalization to other tasks
d. all of the above
A student who is at the maintenance level of a new skill should be on a ______
schedule of reinforcement.
a. continuous
b. intermittent
c. natural reinforcement
d. none of the above
___________ occurs when a response that has been trained in a specific setting with
a specific instructor occurs in a different setting or with a different instructor.
a. Response maintenance
b. Stimulus generalization
c. Acquisition
d. Response Generalization
Which of the following is NOT important to the consumers of education (students,
parents, community)?
a. goals
b. procedures
c. outcomes
d. standardized assessment instruments
When constructing a graph, behavior is plotted along the:
a. x axis
b. horizontal axis
c. vertical axis
d. abscissa
It is important for a behavior to be operationally defined because
a. It ensures that the teacher is consistently observing the same behavior
b. It allows for confirmation by a third party
c. It facilitates continuity of instruction
d. All of the above
Which is NOT considered an occasion in which IDEA requires the development of a
behavior support plan?
a. when a student causes disruption in school and community-based educational
environments
b. when a student's behavior is such that it may result in a suspension up to ten days
c. when a student's behavior is such that it may result in a change of educational
placement
d. when a pattern of behavior impedes the learning of the student or of another student
Behavioral objectives are
a. statements of annual program intent
b. statements of actual instructional intent
c. long term in nature
d. generically defined
An event is described as ________ if the rate of occurrence of a preceding behavior
decreases.
a. Negative Reinforcement
b. Positive Reinforcement
c. Shaping
d. Punishment
After finishing lunch Jose left his trash on the table, his teacher responded by having
him pick up the trash left behind at each table. This procedure is known as __________.
a. restitutional overcorrection
b. positive practice
c. negative practice
d. response cost
