The legal definition of blindness involves assessment of
a. color perception and visual acuity.
b. field of vision and depth perception.
c. visual acuity and field of vision.
d. depth perception and color perception.
Each of the following statements about early intervention is true EXCEPT
a) It is best to assume that all parents need to be educated about how to be better parents
to avoid overlooking a likely problem.
b) Someone in the program, or immediately available, should speak the family’s
preferred language.
c) Professionals in related disciplines should work collaboratively, not independently.
d) Developmentally appropriate practices should be balanced with practices that are
also chronologically age appropriate.
Each of the following is an objective to help meet the needs of infants who are
deaf-blind EXCEPT
a) identify predictable sequences within specific activities.
b) identify and use specific auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, and kinesthetic cues to
help the infant anticipate familiar activities.
c) avoid using subroutines within specific activities as this leads to confusion.
d) create a predictable routine by identifying at least five daily activities that can be
scheduled in the same sequence each day.
The U.S. physician, educator, and political and social reformer who taught Laura
Bridgman (who was deaf and blind) and helped found the Perkins School for the Blind
was
a. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet.
b. douard Sguin.
c. Philippe Pinel.
d. Samuel Gridley Howe.
All of the following procedures should be followed if a student has a seizure in school
EXCEPT
A) move child onto their side.
B) inserting an object between the teeth.
C) loosening clothing.
D) putting something flat and soft under the head.
Decoding, or understanding messages, is referred to as
A) communication.
B) expressive language.
C) discourse.
D) receptive language.
Self-determination is most likely to be fostered under which of the following
conditions?
a) supported living
b) community residential facilities
c) group homes
d) residential institutions
Each of the following statements about biological causes of E/BD is true EXCEPT
A) If a disorder has a biological cause it can still be an emotional or behavioral disorder.
B) Causes are usually exclusively biological or exclusively psychological.
C) Medical treatment is seldom the only intervention needed.
D) Medical approaches may be of little benefit if psychological and social aspects are
not addressed.
When a child’s nervous system is damaged, no matter what the cause, which of the
following is often one of the symptoms?
A) muscular weakness or paralysis
B) cognitive deficits
C) seizures
D) missing or malformed limbs
Each of the following is a reason for low numbers of students identified as gifted from
low socioeconomic status and those living in remote areas EXCEPT lack of
A) access to materials.
B) caring parents.
C) basic necessities.
D) opportunities for travel.
By federal law, an exceptional student is eligible for special education when
a. a teacher recommends it.
b. careful assessment indicates he or she is unable to make satisfactory progress in the
regular school program.
c. a parent requests it.
d. a teacher has recorded observations of behavior and assessment of academic
performance for at least two months.
All states routinely screen for this before babies leave the hospital:
a) Fragile X syndrome.
b) phenylketonuria.
c) Down syndrome.
d) hydrocephalus.
“Skipping slides” refers to
a. the process of putting together sensory memories to make a cognitive map.
b. the loss of memory of visual images that often occurs with cortical visual
impairment.
c. flashes of light that often occurs with cortical visual impairment.
d. momentary lapses in visual perception that often occurs with optic nerve hypoplasia.
Planning for transition to adulthood for people with Asperger syndrome is largely
concerned with issues of
A) housing costs because of the Affordable Care Act.
B) sexual education.
C) public versus private residential placement.
D) social interaction.
Brianna is a junior in high school who has a learning disability and an external locus of
control. When she succeeds on a homework assignment in math, she is most likely to
attribute her success to
A) effort.
B) luck.
C) math ability.
D) intelligence.
Which of the following is an expectation for general education teachers?
a. knowledge of special education law
b. instruction of students with serious learning problems
c. management of serious behavior problems
d. participating in writing individualized education programs
Tolerance is best described as
a. an appreciation and valuing of difference.
b. putting up with a necessary evil.
c. enduring others even if they are seen as undesirable.
d. acknowledging our legacy of racism and prejudice.
Each of the following is true of peer-assisted learning strategies (PALS) EXCEPT
A) it involves pairing a higher-performing student with a lower-performing student.
B) it is not effective for high school students without learning disabilities.
C) students take turns being”coach”and”reader.”
D) students participate in highly structured tutoring sessions each week.
To maximize their effectiveness, programs for students with E/BD should provide a
balance between
A) behavioral control and academic/social instruction.
B) academic/social instruction and vocational training.
C) psychological therapy and academic/social instruction.
D) individualized instruction and behavioral control.
All of the following are features of Direct Instruction EXCEPT
A) fast-paced lessons.
B) emphasis on drill and practice.
C) student-centered lessons.
D) precisely sequenced.
Determining the antecedents, consequences, and setting events that maintain
inappropriate behaviors is called
A) functional behavioral assessment.
B) functional deconstruction.
C) behavioral self-awareness.
D) behavioral contracting.
Which of the following accomplishments is associated with IDEA?
a. requirement that schools provide individualized education programs in the least
restrictive environment for all students with disabilities
b. provision of free educational services to children with disabilities and their siblings
from birth to age 21
c. prohibition of discrimination against people with disabilities in schools, businesses,
or recreational facilities
d. requirement that schools provide appropriate public education for all exceptional
students, including those with gifts and talents
Which of the following represents the legally correct sequence of IEP development
within planning of special education services?
a. placement, development of IEP, evaluation
b. development of IEP, evaluation, placement
c. evaluation, development of IEP, placement
d. evaluation, placement, development of IEP
Cognitive mapping
a. was discovered by accident during the German military’s testing of night vision
goggles in World War II.
b. demonstrates that perception can be trained to override cognition.
c. was first studied in sighted humans and rats.
d. has been largely debunked by randomly controlled clinical trials.
Nationwide, what percentage of students with disabilities is educated primarily in
general education classrooms?
a. less than 5
b. nearly 15
c. about 35
d. more than 50
Which of the following statements illustrates evidence for autism having a hereditary
component?
A) “Refrigerator mothers”have been shown to have had mothers who were
also”cold”and uninvolved.
B) Identical twins are much more likely to both have autism than are fraternal twins.
C) When one family member has autism, the chances are 9.3 times higher that a first
cousin has autism than in the population as a whole.
D) Family members of those with autism are less likely to have a preference for
routines than people in general.
People who have Williams syndrome
a) do not pass it on to their children.
b) pass it on to their male children only.
c) pass it on to their female children only.
d) can pass it on to each of their children, regardless of gender.
The disproportionate representation of ethnic minority students in special education
points to the need for all of the following EXCEPT to
a. make available strong academic programs that foster success for all students
regardless of their achievement.
b. implement effective procedures for referral, assessment, eligibility, classification,
placement, and reevaluation.
c. decrease the level of home/community involvement.
d. use diverse community resources.
All of the following are characteristics of students with special gifts and talents
EXCEPT
A) typically good at many things.
B) typically like school.
C) typically learn to read at an early age.
D) typically don”t enjoy learning.
A failure of the child to understand the rules for producing the sounds of their language
at an age-appropriate level and in a culturally appropriate way represents
A) phonological disorders.
B) articulation disorders.
C) voice disorders.
D) developmental apraxia.
Under IDEA, each state and locality must have a plan to ensure all of the following
EXCEPT
a. screening all students for possible disabilities.
b. protecting parents’rights to informed consent.
c. providing services to equal numbers of males and females.
d. providing training for personnel in meeting the needs of students with disabilities.
Early warning signs for Autistic Spectrum include all of the following EXCEPT
A) no babbling or pointing by age 1.
B) response to name.
C) poor eye contact.
D) loss of language of social skills.
Each of the following conclusions about adults with ADHD have been documented
EXCEPT
A) They finish fewer years of school.
B) They have more automobile infractions.
C) They have fewer marital problems.
D) They have more addictive behaviors.
Which of the following ethnic groups is/are underrepresented with respect to being
identified for special education?
a. Whites.
b. Whites and Latino/Hispanic.
c. Whites and American Indians.
d. Blacks.
It is difficult to estimate the prevalence of communication disorders primarily because
A) there is so much overlap with other categories of disability.
B) schools do not maintain accurate records in this area.
C) many parents are reluctant to allow their children to receive speech and language
services.
D) definitions of communication disorders vary so much from state to state.