Which of the following is nottrue about how behavior therapists function in the
therapeutic setting?
a. They use techniques such as summarizing, reflection, clarification, and open-ended
questioning.
b. They focus on using a variety of techniques in narrowly treating specific behavioral
problems.
c. They complete a formal assessment prior to treatment to determine behaviors that are
targets for change.
d. They serve as a model for the client and do not require behavioral change in the
client.
A limitation of Gestalt therapy is that it:
a. does not allow for full expression of feelings.
b. discounts the therapeutic value of dreams.
c. completely ignores the past.
d. may neglect cognitive factors.
A key concept of Gestalt therapy is:
a. externalizing conversations.
b. unfinished business.
c. belief systems.
d. family of origin issues.
Which of these statements about interventions is true?
a. It is helpful to use one type of intervention with most clients.
b. During the course of an individual’s therapy, different interventions may be needed at
different times.
c. It is best to require clients to adapt to your approach to counseling and the
interventions that you are skilled at using.
d. You should only use counseling interventions when you are certified or licensed.
Donna feels certain that no one will ever want to hire her because she has a timid
personality. Her solution- oriented therapist would be most inclined to:
a. explore her early childhood experiences with being rejected.
b. consider her irrational belief to be indicative of psychopathology.
c. ask Donna to examine another side of the story she is presenting about herself and
think of times when she was accepted by others.
d. prescribe medication for her anxiety issues.
The social interest and community feeling refer to:
a. an individual’s attitude in dealing with their past.
b. a sense of identification with others without empathy.
c. individuals’ striving for a better future for only themself.
d. individuals’ awareness of being part of the human community and to individuals’
attitudes in dealing with the social world.
Which of the following is nottrue about the Adlerian concept of “private logic”?
a. It is a result of the feelings and emotions we experience in our daily lives.
b. It provides a central psychological unity for us.
c. It is the philosophy upon which we base our lifestyle.
d. It often does not conform to the reality of social living.
_is based on the assumption that the personal or individual problems individuals bring
to counseling originate in a political and social context.
a. The personal is political and critical consciousness
b. The counseling relationship is egalitarian
c. Women’s ways of knowing are valued and their experiences are honored
d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress
Directing energy toward another object or a person (when anxiety is reduced by
focusing on a ‘safer target”) is
known as:
a. sublimation.
b. repression.
c. introjection.
d. displacement.
Being alone is a process by which we do all of the following except:
a. learn to tolerate feelings of isolation.
b. develop strength and self-reliance.
c. develop a deep understanding of ourselves.
d. reject the social overtures of others.
The __________ measures a client’s perception of the quality of the therapeutic
relationship, which includes the relational bond with the therapist, the perceived
collaboration around specific tasks in therapy, and agreement on goals, methods, and
client preferences.
a. Session Rating Scale
b. Outcome Rating Scale
c. Income Rating Scale
d. Termination Rating Scale
_tend to result in women giving away their power in relationships, often without being
aware of it.
a. Diversity competencies
b. Cognitive theories
c. Socialization patterns
d. Political contexts
A limitation of this approach as it applies to multicultural counseling is that:
a. the power of the past and the effect of traumatic experiences in early childhood.
b. this therapy provides specific tools to help clients make the changes they desire.
c. the concept of the quality world is abstract and lacks cross-cultural appeal.
d. reality therapists must be careful when adapting their approach to non-western
cultures.
In Erikson’s view, the major developmental task in adolescence is:
a. intimacy vs. isolation.
b. integrity vs. despair.
c. identity vs. role confusion.
d. initiative vs. guilt.
Which of the following distinguishes the cognitive trend in behavior therapy from the
trends of classical and operant conditioning?
a. A focus on experimental analysis
b. A focus on evaluating therapeutic procedures
c. Developing procedures that give control to clients and thus increase their range of
freedom
d. The integration of mindfulness approaches as a basic part of any treatment procedure
What is the most important factor related to progress in person-centered therapy?
a. Defining concrete and measurable goals
b. The therapist’s technical skills
c. The relationship between the client and therapist
d. The therapist’s ability to think logically and to scientifically solve problems
In terms of ethical accountability, behavior therapy:
a. does not address this issue.
b. is ethically neutral in that it does not dictate whose behavior or what behavior should
be changed.
c. offers a greater chance of abusing interventions than do other approaches.
d. makes use of techniques that have questionable validity.
Practitioners must have had the same experiences as their clients in order to have
empathy for them.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements about creating alternative stories is nottrue?
a. Constructing new stories goes hand in hand with deconstructing problem-saturated
narratives.
b. The narrative therapist analyzes and interprets the meaning of a client’s story.
c. The therapist works with clients collaboratively by helping them construct more
coherent and comprehensive stories that they live by.
d. The development of alternative stories is an enactment of ultimate hope.
The common factors approach to psychotherapy integration:
a. searches for common elements across different theoretical systems.
b. supports the notion of remaining theoretically consistent and technically eclectic.
c. synthesizes important aspects of two or more theories.
d. emphasizes the importance of spirituality in counseling.
In regards to freedom and responsibility, existential therapy embraces three values.
Which of the following is not one of these values?
a. The freedom to become within the context of natural and self-imposed limitations
b. The capacity to reflect on the meaning of our choices
c. The capacity to act on the choices we make
d. The freedom to choose our past and the choices of our parents
Essential components of effective multicultural counseling include all of the following
except:
a. counselors avoid becoming involved in out-of-office interventions.
b. counselors feel comfortable with their clients’ values and beliefs.
c. counselors are aware of how their own biases could affect ethnic minority clients.
d. counselors employ institutional intervention skills on behalf of their clients when
necessary or appropriate.
In Gestalt theory, the experiment is:
a. a specific technique of therapy.
b. tailored to fit the client’s unique needs and presented in an invitational manner.
c. a ready-made exercise used to achieve a behavioral goal.
d. a scientific procedure to assess the effectiveness of therapy.
The five different kinds of contact boundary disturbances include all of the following,
except:
a. retroflection.
b. projection.
c. introjection.
d. introflection.
The goals of existential therapy include all but .
a. to help clients become more present to both themselves and others.
b. to assist clients in identifying ways they block themselves from fuller presence.
c. helping clients to eliminate anxiety in their lives.
d. to encourage clients to choose more expanded ways of being in their daily lives.
Constructing counter stories goes hand in hand with:
a. deconstruction.
b. reconstruction.
c. demolition.
d. rebuilding.
Choice theory emphasizes thinking and acting, which makes this a general form of:
a. psychoanalytic therapy.
b. non directive therapy.
c. Gestalt therapy.
d. cognitive behavior therapy.
The cognitive distortion that involves portraying one’s identity on the basis of
imperfections and mistakes made in the past and allowing them to define one’s true
identity is:
a. labeling and mislabeling.
b. overgeneralization.
c. arbitrary inferences.
d. personalization.
Adrianne, who is uncertain about her career goals and is afraid to commit to any career
path, is working with a therapist who specializes in using motivational interviewing
strategies. What will her therapist look for in order to assess the success of therapy?
a. An improvement in Adrianne’s ability to block negative thoughts about her career
options
b. A reduction in Adrianne’s ambivalence about choosing a career path and an increase
in her intrinsic motivation to clarify her direction
c. Progress in working through unconscious conflicts related to commitment
d. A willingness on Adrianne’s part to examine her family constellation in order to
deepen her understanding of her reasons for her lack of direction
The solution-focused brief therapy therapeutic process rests on the foundation that
clients are:
a. in need of an expert.
b. unable to make decisions.
c. the experts on their own lives.
d. passive participants in their journey.
Your role as a counselor is to provide a safe and inviting environment in which clients
can explore the congruence between their values and their behavior.
a. True
b. False
The main idea of_is that active incorporation of client strengths encourages clients to
engage more fully in therapy and often provides avenues for change that otherwise
would be missed.
a. cognitive therapy
b. strengthsbased CBT
c. Gestalt therapy
d. existential therapy
Which of the following is not true about Carl Rogers?
a. He was raised with strict religious standards in his home.
b. He developed cognitive therapy.
c. At one point in his life, he was preparing to enter the ministry.
d. He made a contribution toward achieving world peace.
The main therapeutic goal of REBT is to:
a. minimize clients’ emotional disturbances and selfdefeating behaviors.
b. make the unconscious conscious.
c. assist the client in becoming aware of his or her “beingintheworld.”
d. challenge the client in making both a value judgment and moral decision about the
quality of his or her behavior.
A limitation of behavior therapy is that it:
a. may change behavior but not feelings.
b. does not identify specific problems.
c. does not make room for cognitive factors.
d. fails to explicitly define the role of the therapist.