An example of a resilient factor as it applies to child maltreatment is
a. a child’s easy temperament.
b. improvement in a family’s financial status.
c. neither a child’s easy temperament nor improvement in a family’s financial status.
d. both a child’s easy temperament and improvement in a family’s financial status.
Elena is 11. Elena walks home from school and lets herself into the house with her own
house key. In this respect, Elena is similar to about what percentage of children in
fourth through eighth grade?
a. 1%
b. 10%
c. 22%
d. 50%
Piaget’s term for the state of balance between assimilation and accommodation is
a. sensorimotor.
b. conservation.
c. equilibrium.
d. direct instruction.
Which of the following best describes the point of the Leu et al. (2005) study?
a. Children are able to find websites.
b. Children believe what they read on the web.
c. Children prefer animal topics over human topics.
d. Children prefer green and white as website colors.
Bem (1981) and others have proposed a framework for how one comes to process
information about oneself as a male or female by perceiving and interpreting
gender-linked information. This is known as which of the following?
a. Gender schema theory
b. Cognitive developmental theory
c. Social cognitive theory
d. Psychoanalytic theory
Adolescents tend to turn to their parents for future-oriented decisions such as those
regarding
a. clothing.
b. dating.
c. recreation.
d. scholastic goals.
The realization that one’s actions cause outcomes is called
a. personal agency.
b. individualism.
c. collectivism.
d. self-esteem.
One of the positive ways in which television can influence socialization is its
a. perpetuation of stereotypes.
b. potential to bring people to new levels of empathic understanding.
c. potential to reduce family time.
d. increasing portrayal of violence, as violence is common in daily life.
Examples of chronosystems include
a. changes in computer technology over time.
b. the physical changes of puberty.
c. increases in school violence over time.
d. all of these.
A strength of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) is that it
a. requires discriminatory evaluations.
b. gives parents a voice.
c. does not require follow-up.
d. none of these.
Marcus is studying to become an elementary teacher. His advisor suggested that he take
a class to improve his communication skills. In this situation, which of the following is
true?
a. He should take the class; there is a link between communicating well and being a
successful teacher.
b. He can take the class if he wants, but there is no link between successful teaching and
communication skills.
c. There is a link between teaching and communicating; however, it is in the opposite
direction. Therefore, he shouldn”t take the class because being a better communicator
will actually make him a worse teacher.
d. There is a link between teaching and communicating; however, it is only found in
preschool. Therefore, he should not take the class.
Because of the changing nature of families, the U.S. Bureau of the Census no longer
provides statistics on the number of children residing in
a. single-parent families.
b. stepfamilies.
c. urban areas.
d. high-poverty areas.
The structure and syntax of language used by the upper-middle class are _________
than that used by the lower class.
a. more simple
b. more complex
c. more rigid
d. none of these
According to research, children of permissive parents tend to be
a. independent and socially responsible.
b. independent but not socially responsible.
c. lacking in social responsibility and not very independent.
d. lacking in empathy.
Miller (1989) found that in day care centers, _________ varied according to the
socioeconomic status of the center’s clientele (families).
a. language interactions
b. social interactions
c. both language and social interactions
d. none of these
Marcus teaches fifth grade. In Marcus’s classroom, learning is individualized and
students are responsible for their own learning. We would characterize Marcus’s
classroom as which of the following?
a. Teacher-directed
b. Learned-directed
c. Focused
d. Extrinsic
According to Gardner (1999), which would not be considered a type of intelligence?
a. Musical
b. Linguistic
c. Spatial
d. Individualistic
Which children are most likely to blame themselves for their parents’ divorce?
a. Infants
b. Preschool-aged children
c. Adolescent children
d. Adult children
In which stepfamily would we expect to see children with the most behavior problems?
a. Stepfamily with children from dad’s previous marriage
b. Stepfamily with children from mom’s previous marriage
c. Stepfamily with no children
d. Stepfamily with children from both mom’s previous marriage and dad’s previous
marriage
On average, how many hours per day do children spend in front of the television?
a. 1″2 hours
b. 3″5 hours
c. 6″9 hours
d. 12 or more hours
Baby Carrie is adaptable and approachable; she shows positive mood and regularity in
body function. When she reacts to a stimulus, her reaction is moderate or low in
intensity. We would classify Carrie as which of the following?
a. Easy
b. Difficult
c. Slow-to-warm-up
d. Irregular
Which is an argument used against federal funding for early care and education
programs?
a. Families should be able to care for their own without outside assistance.
b. Public money spent to enhance the early childhood years is more beneficial than
public money spent to correct a deficiency in later childhood.
c. Of children with employed mothers, approximately 80% of those aged 5 and younger
are in a child care arrangement for an average of almost 40 hours per week.
d. The period in a child’s life from birth to age 5 is critical for the development of
physical, emotional, social, and cognitive skills.
A parent’s workplace is thought to affect
a. his or her perception of life.
b. the way he or she parents.
c. the way he or she interacts with family members.
d. all of these.
Universal goals of parenting include
a. ensuring a college education.
b. ensuring physical health and survival.
c. ensuring economic wealth.
d. all of these.
The residents of Community A gather to discuss their school system. They agree that in
order for their children to be able to evaluate rules, select leaders, and meaningfully
discuss issues, their children must be educated. The residents of Community A are
basing their discussion on
a. Political ideology
b. Economics
c. Culture/ethnicity
d. Religion
Teacher B noticed a child in her class who is withdrawn and seems to have few friends.
This child also seems to be aggressive, taking his anger out on the other children.
Teacher B realizes that reasons for such behavior include which of the following?
a. Alcoholism in the family
b. Violence in the family
c. Both alcoholism and violence in the family
d. None of these
All of the following are problems with Internet technology except
a. appropriateness of content on some websites.
b. piracy issues over illegal transferring of copyrighted material.
c. the inability to “hack” into unauthorized material.
d. viruses and worms that can destroy data.
Nick frequently shows affection to his children, takes an interest in their affairs, and
makes a point to become acquainted with their friends. We would expect Nick’s
children to develop what kind of self-esteem?
a. High
b. High
c. Warm
d. None of these
All of the following are macrosystem factors that affect schools except
a. political ideology.
b. economics.
c. religion.
d. teacher”parent relationships.
The educational philosophy that all children are entitled to participate fully in their
school and community is called
a. inclusion.
b. disability awareness.
c. classism.
d. freedom to learn.
In Philadelphia, a higher-than-average percentage of students who attended ‘schools
without walls”
a. dropped out of high school.
b. went on to college.
c. were involved in criminal activity.
d. came from low socioeconomic backgrounds.
The cognitively oriented curriculum
a. does not allow exploration and experimentation on the part of the child.
b. strives to apply Piaget’s theory to the classroom.
c. relies heavily on reward and punishment.
d. is teacher-directed.
A curriculum in which the learning activities are planned by the teacher for all the
children is called _________-directed.
Describe the differences between intrinsic and extrinsic achievement motivation.
Answer:Answer not provided.
In collectivist cultures, children learn that individuals are treated differently according
to rank and/or situation. This practice is known as _________.
_________ refers to the form of communication in which large audiences quickly
receive a given message via an impersonal medium between the sender and the
receiver.
A major challenge facing educators is how to balance diversity with _________.
Rationality and practicality are characteristic of a(n) _________-context macrosystem.
Erikson’s term for the developmental task in the play years (ages 3 to 5) is _________.
Examine the differences between children with high and children with low
expectations.
Answer:Answer not provided.
Compare/contrast an authoritarian teacher with one who has a democratic or
laissez-faire style.
Answer:Answer not provided.
A group of people who form an allegiance for a common purpose and engage in
unlawful or criminal activity is called a(n) _________.
Cable and home video entered the media scene in the ______________.
Imagine you are talking to a group of future teachers. Your topic is learned
helplessness. Describe for them the development of learned helplessness, including
research studies referenced in your text.
Answer:Answer not provided.
Based on Selman and Selman (1979), describe the stages in the development of
friendship.
Answer:Answer not provided.
_________ refers to the phenomenon in which an individual exposed to a suggestion
will act on it.
Studies consistently show that _______________ have more interactions with teachers
than do ______________.